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Afro-Asians

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Mosetsana mongwe wa Sheedi kwa Gujarat, India

Afro-Asians, Ba-Asia ba Aforika, Blasians, kgotsa fela Ba-Asia ba Bantsho ke batho ba letso le le tlhakaneng la Asia le Aforika.[1] Go ya ka ditso, batho ba Aforika-Asia ba ile ba kgaphelwa thoko ka ntlha ya go fuduga ga batho le dikgotlhang tsa loago.[2]

Democratic Republic of the Congo

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Katanga Afro-Japanese

Ka dingwaga tsa bo 1970, tlhokego e e oketsegileng ya kopore le cobalt e ne ya ngoka dipeeletso tsa Japane mo kgaolong e e humileng ka ditswammung kwa borwabotlhaba jwa Kgaolo ya Katanga. Mo lobakeng lwa dingwaga di le lesome, badiri ba meepo ba Japane ba ba fetang sekete ba ne ba fudugela kwa kgaolong eo, ba tswaletswe mo kampeng e e neng e le ya banna fela. Fa banna bao ba ne ba goroga ba se na balelwapa kgotsa balekane ba bone, gantsi ba ne ba batla go dirisana le batho kwa ntle ga melelwane ya dikampa tsa bone. E re ka banna bao ba ne ba batla go atamalana le batho ba bong jo bo farologaneng, mme seo se ne sa felela ka gore ba nne mmogo, ba ne ba ratana phatlalatsa le go ratana le batho ba merafe e e farologaneng, e leng mokgwa o o neng o amogelwa ke batho ba lefelo leo. Ka ntlha ya seo, badiri ba meepo ba le mmalwa ba Japane ba ne ba nna le bana le basadi ba lefatshe la Congo. Le fa go ntse jalo, bontsi jwa masea a merafe e e tlhakaneng a a neng a tswa mo dikopanong tseno a ne a tlhokafala, ka bonako fela morago ga go tsholwa. Bosupi jo bontsi jwa batho ba lefelo leo bo bontsha gore masea ao a ne a tsenngwa botlhole ke ngaka e e eteletseng pele ya Mojapane le mooki yo o neng a bereka kwa bookelong jwa meepo jwa lefelo leo. Morago ga moo, maemo a ne a tla tlhabisa badiri ba meepo ditlhong ka bontsi jwa bone ba ne ba setse ba na le malwapa kwa Japane kwa ba tsholetsweng teng. Mokgwa o o ne wa pateletsa bomme ba le bantsi ba kgaolo ya Katangan go fitlha bana ba bone ka go sa ye kwa bookelong go ya go belega.

Gompieno, Baafrika-Japane ba le masome a matlhano ba bopile mokgatlho wa bafalodi ba Polao ya Masea ya Katanga. Mokgatlho o thapile mmueledi wa semolao yo o batlang dipatlisiso tsa semmuso ka dipolao tseno. Setlhopha seo se ne sa romela dipatlisiso tsa semmuso kwa pusong ya Congo le ya Japane, mme ga se ka ga thusa sepe. Dikgang tse di kgethegileng mo setlhopheng se di akaretsa go tlhoka ditokomane tsa matsalo a bone ka gonne go sa tsholelwe kwa bookelong jwa selegae go ne ga boloka matshelo a bone. Palogotlhe ya bafalodi ga e itsiwe.[Aforika-Congo 1][3]

Equatorial Guinea

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Mo bogareng jwa lekgolo la bo19 la dingwaga go ne ga bona badiri ba ka nna 500 ba China le batlhanka ba ba neng ba dirilwe ditumalano, mmogo le ba le mmalwa ba ba tswang kwa India ba ba neng ba tlisiwa ka sephiri kwa setlhaketlhakeng sa Fernando Po ka Macau e e kileng ya bo e le ya Mapotokisi.[Africa-EQ 1] Fa bontsi jwa batlhanka bao ba ne ba boela kwa mafatsheng a bone kwa bokhutlong jwa botlhanka jwa bone, ba le mmalwa ba ne ba sala, ba nna le go nyala batho ba lefelo leo. Sekai sengwe ke sa modiri wa mofaladi wa kwa India Botlhaba e bong Francisco Kashu Alimama yo o neng a sala kwa Moka morago ga leso la wa losika lwa gagwe wa bofelo yo o neng a tshela. O ne a nyala morwadia mongwe wa dikgosi tsa bofelo tsa Bubi, mme a tshola bana ba le mmalwa ba Indo-Equatoguinean.

Jean Ping

Lepolotiki wa Gabon Jean Ping ke morwa wa rre wa Mo-China le mme wa Mo-Gabon.

Banna ba le bantsi ba China ba ba neng ba dira kwa meepong ya gauta kwa Ghana ba ne ba nyala basadi ba selegae ba Ghana mme ba nna le bana le bone, mme morago ga moo puso ya Ghana e ne ya leleka baepi ba ba seng ka fa molaong, ya tlogela bana ba ba tshotsweng ke borre ba China ba morafe o o tlhakaneng ba tkaeletswe kwa Ghana, fa borraabone ba ne ba busediwa kwa China.[4][5]

Sekepe sa ga Zheng

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Ka 1999, Nicholas Kristof wa The New York Times o ne a bega ka tiragalo e e gakgamatsang e a neng a kopana le yone kwa setlhaketlhakeng sa Pate, koo a neng a fitlhela motsana wa mekhukhu ya maje gone. O ne a bua le monnamogolo mongwe yo o neng a nna mo motseng oo yo o neng a bolela gore ke setlogolwana sa batlhotlhomi ba China ba ba neng ba senyegelwa ke sekepe koo makgolokgolo a dingwaga pele ga moo. Go bolelwa fa Ba-China ba ne ba gweba le batho ba lefelo leo mme ba ne ba bile ba pega dithutlwa mo sekepeng sa bone gore ba di busetse kwa China. Le fa go ntse jalo, Ba-China ba ne ba thulana le lefika le le fa gaufi. Kristof o ne a bona bosupi jo bo neng bo tlhomamisa kgang ya monna yono. Bosupi jo bo ntseng jalo bo ne bo akaretsa dipopego tsa batho ba mo motseng oo tsa batho ba Asia, mmogo le dilo tsa porcelain tse di lebegang jaaka tsa Asia.[Aforika-Kenya 1][Aforika-Kenya 2] Ditlogolwana tseo tsa dikepe tsa ga Zheng He di nna mo Ditlhaketlhakeng tsa Pate le tsa Lamu ka bobedi. Bafalodi ba ka nna makgolo a mane ba batsamaisi bao ba dikepe ba le masome mabedi ba China tse di neng tsa senyega ba ne ba nna le go nyala basadi ba lefelo leo.[6]

Bofaladi jo bosha

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Kgatlhego e ntsha mo ditsompelong tsa tlholego tsa Kenya e ngokile dipeeletso tse di fetang $1 billion go tswa kwa difemeng tsa China. Se se dirile gore go nne le tlhabololo e ntsha mo mafaratlhatlheng a Kenya ka difeme tsa China di tlisa badiri ba tsone ba banna go tla go aga ditsela.[Africa-Kenya 3] Baagi ba nakwana gantsi ba goroga ba se na balekane ba bone le malapa a bone. Ka jalo, go tlhatloga ga ditiragalo tse di amang basadi ba dingwaga tsa kholetshe tsa selegae go dirile gore go nne le selekanyo se se oketsegileng sa go tsholwa ga masea a Afro-Chinese mo go bomme ba ba sa nyalwang ba Kenya.[Africa-Kenya 4]

Kwa Kenya go na le tlwaelo ya go tla mo go latelang ga badiri ba banna ba China kwa Kenya ka palo e e golang ya masea a a tlogetsweng a banna ba China ba ba neng ba tshola bana le basadi ba selegae, se se bakang matshwenyego.[7][8][9]

Madagascar

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Go nyalana ga basadi ba kwa Malagasy le banna ba China go ne go sa tlwaelesega.[10] Banna ba le dikete di le mmalwa ba Cantonese ba ne ba nyalana le basadi ba Malagasy le go nna mmogo le bone. 98% ya MaChina ba ne ba latedisa tshimologo ya bone go tswa kwa Guangdong, segolobogolo kwa kgaolong ya Cantonese ya Shunde. Sekai, palobatho fela mo palongbatho ya 1954 e fitlhetse dikopano di le sekete le lekgolo le lesome le motso tse di "sa tlhomamang" tsa China le Malagasy le dikopano di le lekgolo le masome mabedi le botlhano tse di kafa molaong, ke gore, tse di nyalaneng semolao. Bontsi jwa bana ba ne ba kwadisiwa ke bomme ba bone ka leina la Malagasy.

Ka kakaretso, Ba-Malagasy ka kakaretso gantsi ba tlhalosiwa e le batho ba bogologolo go gaisa botlhe ba Blasian mo ditsong tsa batho, ba ba nang le dilekanyo tse di farologaneng tsa letso la Austronesia le Bantu. Eleruri ba tswa—ka selekanyo se se farologaneng go ikaegile ka merafe—mo Baaforika ba Bantu le batsamaisi ba dikepe ba Banjar.[11]

Mauritius

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Mo e ka nnang 68% ya baagi e na le ditso dingwe tsa Maindia. Mo e ka nnang 25% ya baagi ke Creole (ya letso le le tlhakaneng la Fora le Aforika) mme go na le palo e nnye ya batho ba letso la Franco-Mauritian le China.

Fa e sale ka dingwaga tsa bo 1970, Nigeria e bone koketsego e e bonya, mme e e tlhomameng, ya baagi ba bafaladi ba Filipino ba ba gogwang ke lekalana la lookwane. Mokgatlho wa Philippines Barangay wa Nigeria o o neng wa tlhongwa ka 1973, o rarabolola dikgang tse di amanang le Bafilipino ba ba fetang sekete le makgolo a supa ba ba tswang kwa Nigeria ba ba nnang mo lefatsheng leo. Go fetoga mono go dirile gore go nne le palo e nnye mme e le e e golang, ya go tsholwa ga Bafilipino ba Nigeria ba merafe e mebedi. Bontsi jwa bana bano ba godisitswe ke bomme ba Bafilipino le borre ba Banigeria.[Aforika-Nigeria 1]

Monna wa Mo-China o ne a tlogela kgarebe ya gagwe ya Mo-Nigeria ya Ogun e bong Tope Samuel le ngwana wa bone kwa kgaolong ya Ogun.[12]

Batho ba tlhago ba Kaf ba na le mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditso tse di tswang mo bathong ba bokolone ba India le China. Gape di tswa mo makgobeng a Aforika a a tlisitsweng go tswa kwa mafatsheng a tshwana le Mozambique, Guinea, Senegal, Madagascar, Tanzania le Zambia go tla mo setlhaketlhakeng.

Bontsi jwa baCreole ba Réunion ke ba letso le le tlhakaneng mme ke bontsi jwa baagi. Manyalo a merafe e e farologaneng magareng ga banna ba Yuropa le banna ba China le basadi ba Aforika, basadi ba Maindia, basadi ba China le basadi ba Madagascar le one a ne a tlwaelesegile.

Seychelles

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Go feta 70% ya baagi ba na le letso la Afro-Asia le le tswang mo bathong ba Aforika, Malagasy, India le China, le kopantswe le tshimologo e nngwe ya Borithane le Fora. Le fa go ntse jalo, setshaba se se motlotlo ka thata ka boswa jwa bona jwa Aforika/Malagasy mme ba bopile setheo se se rotloetsang boitshupo jwa bone le itshokelano ya setso.

South Africa and Namibia

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]
Bana ba sekolo ba mmala wa Kapa ba Aforika Borwa

Batho ba Mmala wa Kapa ba tswa mo bathong ba tlholego ba Khoisan le Xhosa, bafaladi ba Yuropa le badiri le makgoba a Malagasy, Ceylonese le Borwabotlhaba jwa Asia (bogolo jang Indonesia) a a tlisitsweng ke MaDutch go tloga mo bogareng jwa lekgolong la bolesome le bosupa go ya kwa bokhutlong jwa lekgolong la bolesome le boferabobedi la dingwaga. Bontsi jwa batho ba Mmala, segolobogolo kwa Kapa Bophirima le Kapa Bokone, ba bua Seburu jaaka puo ya ntlha, fa ba ba kwa dikarolong tse dingwe tsa Aforika Borwa ba na le tlwaelo ya go bua Seesemane le bone. Batho ba Mmala ba ba nang le letso la Java kgotsa letso le lengwe la Indonesia gantsi ba ka nna ba tsewa jaaka Ba-Cape Malay mme bogolo ke MaMoslem, fa bontsi jwa batho ba Mmala e le Bakeresete (ka kakaretso e le Baporotesetanta) kgotsa ba sa dumele mo Modimong. Ka ntlha ya mathata a a tshwanang a loago a a itemogetsweng ka fa tlase ga puso ya Tlhaolele go tloga kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1940 go ya kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1980, baagi ba Mmala le ba tlhago ba Aforika Borwa ka kakaretso ba wela ka fa tlase ga setlhopha sa loago sa batho bantsho fa go tla momelaong ya go thapa le go tlhomamisa.[Aforika-Aforika-Borwa 1]

Go ne ga nna le khudugo e e anameng ya Maindia go ya kwa Borwabotlhaba jwa Aforika, ka nako ya kago ya seporo sa Aforika Botlhaba/Uganda. Bafaladi ba Asia ba ne ba nyala batho ba lefelo leo ba Uganda mme ba tsala dikokomana tsa Afro-Asians.

Bofaladi jo bosha

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Mo masomeng a dingwaga a a fetileng, badiri ba banna ba China, babeeletsi, borakonteraka, bagwebi le borakgwebo ba ba tswang kwa China ba ntse ba tshologela kwa Uganda. Ka tsholofelo ya go bona bonno, palo e e golang ya banna ba China ba nyala basadi ba Uganda, mme bontsi jwa bone ke manyalo a maaka. Go ne ga tsholwa bana ba le mmalwa ba borre ba China le bomme ba Uganda ka ntlha ya seo.

Motlhankedi mongwe go tswa kwa lephateng la Uganda la taolo ya boagi le bofaladi yo o neng a tshwenyegile ka manyalo a banna ba China le basadi ba Uganda, o boleletse komiti eno.

"Mme re na le ba le bantsi ba ba nyalang le go tsala... Le basadi ba rona ba Uganda ba amogela go [tsala] le banna bano."[13]

  1. ↑ "Chinese in Africa: Chinese Men Marry African Wife". China Whisper. 17 June 2011. Archived from the original on 25 December 2011. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le motso ka 2025.
  2. ↑ Reicheneker, Sierra (January 2011). "The Marginalization of Afro-Asians in East Asia: Globalization and the Creation of Subculture and Hybrid Identity". There Are Several Models for Analyzing the Marginalization of Ethnic Minorities. The Afro-Asian Population Exemplifies Park's Definition of Marginalization, in That They Are the "product of Human Migrations and Socio-cultural Conflict."15 Born into Relatively New Territory in the Area of Biracial Relations, There Entrance into the Culture of These Asian States Often Causes Quite a Stir. They Also Fit into Green and Goldberg's Definition of Psychological Marginalization, Which Constitutes Multiple Attempts at Assimilation with the Dominant Culture Followed by Continued Rejection. The Magazine Ebony, from 1967, Outlines a Number of Afro-Asians in Japan Who Find Themselves as Outcasts, Most of Which Try to Find Acceptance within the American Military Bubble, but with Varying Degrees of Success.16. 5 (1). E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le motso ka 2025.
  3. ↑ Rabaud, Marlène; Zatjman, Arnaud (16 March 2010). "Katanga's forgotten people". France 24 International News. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le bobedi ka 2025. Like many mixed-race children in Congo, they were born of a Japanese father who came to work in the mines of Katanga in south-east of the country. Today, they accuse their fathers of wanting to kill them so as not to leave behind any traces when they returned to Japan.
  4. ↑ Kenney, Tanasia (14 April 2018). "Chinese Miners Are Leaving Their Mixed Children Behind In Ghana". Atlanta Black Star.
  5. ↑ "Meet Ghana's Galamsey pikins wey demma Chinese fathers lef behind". BBC news Pidgin.
  6. ↑ Zheng He's Voyages Down the Western Seas. 五洲传播出版社. 2005. p. 74. ISBN 978-7-5085-0708-8.
  7. ↑ AKWEI, ISMAIL (28 May 2018). "Babies: Unwanted seeds sown in African women by fleeting Chinese workers". Face2Face Africa.
  8. ↑ 20yr Old Girl Looking for Her Chinese Baby Daddy (television video). Kenya: Citizen TV Kenya. 5 March 2011.
  9. ↑ Kenya battling with Chinese prostitutes, arrests 15 at brothel
  10. ↑ Brown, Margaret L. (2004). "Reclaiming Lost Ancestors and Acknowledging Slave Descent: Insights from Madagascar". Comparative Studies in Society and History. 46 (3): 616–645. doi:10.1017/S0010417504000283. ISSN 0010-4175. JSTOR 3879475. S2CID 145323959
  11. ↑ "Les Malgaches, métis africano-indonésiens" (in French). 19 July 2016. E nopotswe Phukwi a le lesome le bobedi ka 2025.
  12. ↑ "How my Chinese boyfriend abandoned me with his child – Ogun woman". Punch.
  13. ↑ Kuo, Lily (7 December 2016). "Uganda is worried about the number of Chinese men marrying their women". Quartz.
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