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Afro-Jamaicans

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Afro-Jamaicans
Afro-Jamaican man playing the Bongo.
Total population
76.3% of Jamaica[1]
Languages
Jamaican English
Jamaican Patois
Religion
Majority:
Christianity
Minority:
Rastafari • Irreligion • Others
Related ethnic groups
African Caribbean • Akan • Afro–Trinidadians • British Jamaicans • Black Canadians • Jamaican Americans • Asante people

Afro-Jamaicans kgotsa Ba-Jamaica ba Bantsho ke batho ba ba tswang kwa Jamaica ba bagologolwane ba bona ba tswang kwa Aforika, ba ba tlisitsweng mo setlhaketlhakeng go tswa kwa Afrika Bophirima le Bogare ka kgwebo ya makgoba ya Atlantic go simolola ka lekgolo la bolesome le bosupa la dingwaga.

Ba-Afro-Jamaica ke Ba-Jamaica ba bontsi jwa bone ba tswang kwa Aforika. Ba emela morafe o mogolo go gaisa mo lefatsheng.[2]

Ethnogenesis ya batho ba Bantsho ba Jamaica e simolotse mo kgwebong ya makgoba ya Atlantic ya lekgolo la bolesome le borataro, fa Maaforika a a dirilweng makgoba a ne a isiwa jaaka makgoba kwa Jamaica le kwa dikarolong tse dingwe tsa Amerika.[3] Ka nako ya puso ya Borithane, makgoba a a neng a tlisiwa kwa Jamaica ke bagwebi ba makgoba ba Yuropa e ne e le Ba-Akan thata, bangwe ba bone ba ne ba tshaba mme ba kopanela le Maroon ba Jamaica mme ba bo ba tsaya marapo jaaka baeteledipele.[4]

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Ka nako ya kgwebo ya makgoba ya Atlantic, didikadikedike tsa batho go tswa kwa Afrika Bophirima le Bogare ba ne ba dirwa makgoba mme tsa rekisediwa barekisi ba makgoba ba Yuropa, bogolo jang go isiwa kwa Amerika.[5] Bontsi bo ne jwa tshwarwa mo dintweng tse di neng di nna teng kgapetsakgapetsa fa gare ga mafatshe a Aforika, tse gantsi di neng di tlhotlhelediwa ke bagwebi ba makgoba ka maikaelelo a,[5][6][7] kgotsa ba ne ba gapiwa ka dikgoka mo diphuruphutsong ke batshwari ba makgoba ba Aforika kgotsa a Yuropa ka tlhamalalo.[5][8][9]

Leonard Parkinson, moeteledipele wa Maroon ba kwa Jamaica (1796)

Morago ga go fedisiwa ga bokgoba kwa British West Indies, ka 1834, badiri ba ba gololesegileng ba Aforika ba ba neng ba itsege jaaka badiri ba ba nang le ditumalano, ba ne ba tla kwa Jamaica fa gare ga 1841 le 1865—ka nako ya go dira ditumalano.[10][11]

Go ikaegilwe ka direkoto tsa dikepe tsa makgoba, Maaforika a a dirilweng makgoba bontsi jwa one a ne a tswa mo bathong ba Akan (bogolo jang ba kgolagano ya Asante Kotoko ya dingwaga tsa bo 1720: Asante, Bono, Wassa, Nzema le Ahanta) ba latelwa ke batho ba Kongo, batho ba Fon, batho ba Ewe, le ka selekanyo se sennye: batho ba Yoruba le Igbo, batho ba Ibibio. Setso sa Akan (se ka nako eo se neng se bidiwa Coromantee) e ne e le setso se segolo sa Aforika kwa Jamaica.[5]

Kwa tshimologong mo bokoloneng jwa pele jwa Borithane, setlhaketlhake pele ga dingwaga tsa bo 1750 tota se ne se tetse thata ka baAkan. Lefa go ntse jalo, fa gare ga 1663 le 1700, ke diperesente di le thataro fela tsa dikepe tsa makgoba tse di neng di ya kwa Jamaica tse di neng tsa kwala gore di tswa kae e le Gold Coast, fa fa gare ga 1700 le 1720 palo eo e ne ya tlhatlogela kwa diperesenteng di le masome mabedi le bosupa. Palo ya makgoba a Akan a a neng a goroga kwa Jamaica go tswa kwa maemelodipeng a Kormantin e ne ya oketsega fela mo tshimologong a lekgolo la bolesome le boferabongwe la dingwaga.[12] Mme ka ntlha ya ditsuolodi tsa kgapetsakgapetsa go tswa mo "Coromantee" e e neng e itsege ka nako eo e gantsi e neng e kopanela le setlhopha sa botsuolodi jwa makgoba se se neng se itsege jaaka Jamaican Maroons, ditlhopha tse dingwe di ne tsa romelwa kwa Jamaica. Baagi ba Akan ba ne ba santse ba tlhokometswe, ka ge e ne e le kgetho ya balemi ba Borithane kwa Jamaica ka gonne e ne e le "badiri ba ba botoka", go ya ka balemi ba. Go ya ka Slave Voyages Archives, le fa Ba-Igbo ba ne ba na le dipalo tse di kwa godimo tsa go reka dithoto go tswa kwa ntle, ba ne ba reka dithoto go tswa kwa ntle fela kwa maemelodikepeng a Montego Bay le St. Ann's Bay, fa Ba-Akan (bogolo jang Gold Coast) bone ba ne ba gasame thata go ralala setlhaketlhake mme bontsi jwa bone ba ne ba rekwa kwa maemelodikepeng a supa mo go a a le lesome le bone a setlhaketlhake (kgaolo nngwe le nngwe e na le maemelodikepe a le mangwe ).[13]

Afro-European

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Bontsi jwa makgoba a mo ntlong e ne e le mulatto. Go ne gape go na le batho ba Brown/Mulatto kgotsa ba merafe e e tlhakaneng ka nako eo ba ba neng ba na le ditshiamelo tse dintsi go feta makgoba a Bantsho mme gantsi ba ne ba na le ditiro le ditiro tse di duelang madi a mantsi.[14]

Ka 1871 palo ya batho e ne ya kwala batho ba le dikete dile makgolo a matlhano le metso e merataro, lekgolo le masome a matlhano le bone, banna ba le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a mane le borataro, makgolo a matlhano le masome a supa le boraro le basadi ba le dikete di le makgolo a mabedi le masome a matlhano le boferabongwe, makgolo a matlhano le masome a ferabobedi le motso. Merafe ya bone e ne ya kwalwa e le dikete tse lesome le boraro, lekgolo le motso o le mongwe ya Basweu, dikete dile lekgolo, makgolo a mararo le masome a mane le borataro ya "Mmala," le dikete di le makgolo a mararo, masome a ferabongwe le bobedi, makgolo a supa le metso e supa ya Bantsho.

  1. ↑ "Jamaica | the University of the West Indies".
  2. ↑ "Jamaica Population 2021 (Demographics, Maps, Graphs)". World Population Review. Archived from the original on 22 December 2013. E nopotswe Phukwi a le malatsi a ferabongwe ka 2025.
  3. ↑ Castilla, Julian de (1924). "The English conquest of Jamaica". Camden. Third Series. 34: 32. doi:10.1017/S2042171000006932.
  4. ↑ Gardner, William James (1909). History of Jamaica, From Its Discovery To The Year 1872. Appleton & Company. p. 184. ISBN 978-0415760997.
  5. 1 2 3 4 Thornton, John K. (2006). Africa and Africans in the making of the Atlantic world, 1400 - 1800. Studies in comparative world history (2. ed., 12. print ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press. p. 112. ISBN 978-0-521-62217-2.
  6. ↑ "Slave Trade Debates 1806". Colonial History. London: Dawsons of Pall Mall. 1968. pp. 203–204.
  7. ↑ Diffie, Bailey (1963). Prelude to Empire: Portugal Overseas Before Henry the Navigator. University of Nebraska Press. p. 58.
  8. ↑ "The triangular trade - The triangular slave trade - KS3 History Revision - BBC Bitesize". BBC. 16 July 2020. Archived from the original on 16 July 2020. E nopotswe Phukwi a ferabongwe ka 2025.
  9. ↑ "NPS Ethnography: African American Heritage & Ethnography". National Park Service. Archived from the original on 15 December 2022. E nopotswe Phukwi a ferabongwe ka 2025.
  10. ↑ Monica Schuler (1 November 1981). ""Alas, Alas, Kongo": A Social History of Indentured African Immigration into Jamaica, 1841-1865". Duke University. E nopotswe Phukwi a ferabongwe ka 2025.
  11. ↑ Mary Elizabeth Thomas (1974). Jamaica and Voluntary Laborers from Africa, 1840-1865. University Presses of Florida. JSTOR 217181. E nopotswe Phukwi a ferabongwe ka 2025.
  12. ↑ Siva, Michael, After the Treaties: A Social, Economic and Demographic History of Maroon Society in Jamaica, 1739–1842, PhD dissertation (Southampton: Southampton University, 2018), p. 27.
  13. ↑ "Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade". Slavevoyages.org. E nopotswe Phukwi a ferabongwe ka 2025.
  14. ↑ Tortello, Rebecca (3 February 2004). "The Arrival of the Africans". Jamaica Gleaner. Retrieved 29 August 2017 – via Pieces of the Past.
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