Belva Ann Lockwood
Belva Ann Bennett Lockwood (o tshotswe ka kgwedi ya Phalane e le masome a mabedi le bone (24) ka ngwaga wa 1830 abo a thokafala ka kgwedi a Motsheganong e le lesome le boferabongwe (19) ka ngwaga wa 1917) e ne e le mmueledi wa kwa Amerika, radipolotiki, morutabana, le mokwadi yo o neng a le matlhagatlhaga mo ditshwanelong tsa basadi le mo mekgatlhong ya basadi ya go bouta. E ne e le mongwe wa basadi ba ntlha go nna babueledi kwa United States. Ka ngwaga wa 1879 o ne a nna mosadi wa ntlha go dumelelwa go dira jaaka mmueledi kwa U.S. Kgotlatshekelokgolo. [1]Lockwood o ne a tsenela ditlhopho tsa bo Tautona ka ngwaga wa ka ngwaga wa 1884 le ngwaga wa 1888 ka thekete ya National Equal Rights Party mme e ne e le mosadi wa ntlha go tlhagelela mo ditlhophong tsa semmuso. Fa Victoria Woodhull a ne a kaiwa jaaka mosadi wa ntlha go tsenela ditlhopho tsa boporesidente, Lockwood e ne e le ene wa ntlha go tlhagelela mo ditlhophong, ka ntlha ya gore Woodhull o ne a le monnye thata go ka nna moporesidente fa a ne a tsenela ditlhopho.
Ka ntlha ya dithibelo tsa bong, Lockwood o ne a fenya dikgoreletsi di le dintsi tsa loago le tsa botho. Kwa tshimologong ya botshelo jwa gagwe, Lockwood e ne e le morutabana le mogokgo wa sekolo, a dira go lekalekanya dituelo tsa basadi mo thutong.[2]O ne a tshegetsa mokgatlho wa kagiso ya lefatshe, mme e ne e le mmueledi wa mokgatlho wa go ikgapa.
Botshelo jwa pele le jwa botho
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Belva Ann Bennett o belegetswe kwa Royalton, New York, morwadia Lewis Johnson Bennett, molemirui, le mosadi wa gagwe, Hannah Green.[3] Bennett o feditse bontlhabongwe jwa bongwana jwa gagwe kwa ntlong ya ga rakgadi wa gagwe, e e santseng e eme kwa 5070 Griswold Street. Fa pele ga ntlo go na le segopodiso sa gagwe se se nang le letlapa le le tlhalosang botshelo jwa gagwe ka bokhutshwane. Fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le bone (14), o ne a setse a ruta kwa sekolong sa poraemari sa mo lefelong leo.[4] Ka ngwaga wa 1848, fa a le dingwaga di lelesome le boferabobedi (18), o ne a nyala Uriah McNall, molemi wa mo lefelong leo.[5]
McNall o ne a bolawa ke thiibi ka ngwaga wa 1853, dingwaga di le tharo morago ga go tsholwa ga morwadiabone e bong Lura.
Thuto
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Lockwood o ne a lemoga gore o tlhoka thuto e e botoka gore a kgone go itlamela le morwadie. O ne a ya kwa Genesee Wesleyan Seminary, kwa Auburn, NY, go ipaakanyetsa go ithuta kwa kholetšheng. Leano la gagwe, jaaka a tlhaloseditse Lippincott's Monthly Magazine, le ne la se ka la amogelwa sentle ke ditsala tsa gagwe le badirimmogo le ene; basadi ba le bantsi ba ne ba sa batle thuto e e kwa godimo, mme go ne go sa tlwaelega gore motlholagadi a dire jalo.[6]O ne a kgona go dira gore balaodi ba kholetšhe ya Genesee ba mo letle go tsena.
E ne e le ka nako ya fa a ne a ithuta kwa kholetšheng ya Genesee fa Lockwood a ne a simolola go kgatlhegela molao, le fa sekolo se ne se se na lephata la molao. E re ka porofesa mongwe wa molao wa mo lefelong leo a ne a ruta batho ba bangwe ka namana, o ne a nna mongwe wa baithuti ba gagwe. Go ne ga dira gore a batle go ithuta go le gontsi.[6]
Tiro ya gagwe ya pele
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Lockwood o ne a aloga ka tlotlo ka 1857 mme ka bonako a nna mogokgo wa Lockport Union School. E ne e le tiro e e nang le maikarabelo, mme Lockwood o ne a lemoga gore le fa a ka tswa a ruta kgotsa a dira jaaka motsamaisi, o ne a duelwa halofo ya se balekane ba gagwe ba banna ba neng ba se dira.[5]
Mo dingwageng di le mmalwa tse di latelang, Lockwood o ne a tswelela go ruta le go dira jaaka mogokgo mo dikolong di le mmalwa tsa basetsana. O ne a nna kwa Lockport go fitlha ka 1861, morago ga moo a nna mogokgo wa Gainesville Female Seminary. Ka ngwaga wa 1863, Belva o ne a reka The Owego Female Seminary, koo a neng a le Mogokgo pele a tsamaya go ya go dira tiro ya gagwe ya sepolotiki. Kago eno e ne ya tlhatlhamololwa ya bo ya fudusiwa, pele e baakanngwa ka ngwaga wa 2019 jaaka Belva Lockwood Inn kwa Owego, NY. Filosofi ya thuto ya ga Lockwood e ne ya fetoga ka iketlo, bogolo jang fa a sena go kopana le molwela ditshwanelo tsa basadi Susan B. Anthony. Lockwood o ne a dumalana le dikgopolo di le dintsi tsa ga Anthony malebana le dithibelo tse batho ba di beetseng basadi. Anthony o ne a tshwenyegile ka thuto e nnye e basetsana ba neng ba e newa. Dithuto tse di neng di rutiwa kwa dikolong tsa basetsana di ne di baakanyetsa baithuti ba basetsana botshelo jwa mo gae mme gongwe le tiro ya nakwana ya go nna barutabana. Anthony o ne a bua ka tsela e basadi ba basha ba tshwanetseng go newa ditshono tse di oketsegileng ka yone, go akaretsa le go ba baakanyetsa ditiro mo kgwebong, koo ba duelwang botoka teng. Lockwood o ne a kgothadiwa gore a dire diphetogo kwa dikolong tsa gagwe. O ne a atolosa kharikhulamo mme a tsenya dithuto tse di tshwanang le tse basimane ba neng ba di tsaya, tse di jaaka go bua phatlalatsa, botani le go itshidila mmele.[3]
Setshwantsho sa ga Belva Lockwood (1866)
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Lockwood ka iketlo o ne a swetsa go ithuta molao, go na le gore a tswelele a ruta, mme a tswa kwa New York.
Ka Tlhakole 1866, Belva le morwadie Lura ba ne ba fudugela kwa Washington, D.C., ka gonne Belva o ne a dumela gore ke lefelo la maatla kwa United States mme le ne le tla mo naya ditshono tse di molemo tsa go tsweletsa tiro ya gagwe ya molao. [6] O ne a bula sekolo sa poraefete se se kopaneng le se sengwe fa a ntse a ithuta molao. Mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo1860, thuto e e kopaneng e ne e sa tlwaelega; dikolo di le dintsi di ne di kgaogantswe ka bong.[3]
Lenyalo la bobedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ka 1868, Belva o ne a nyala gape, mo lekgetlhong leno a nyalwa ke monna yo mogolo mo go ene thata. Moruti Ezekiel Lockwood, yo e kileng ya bo e le lesole la Ntwa ya Selegae ya Amerika, e ne e le moruti wa Baptist e bile e le ngaka ya meno. Ba ne ba na le ngwana wa mosetsana e bong Jessie (yo o neng a tlhokafala pele ga a tshwara dingwaga tse pedi). Lockwood o ne a tshegetsa keletso ya mosadi wa gagwe ya go ithuta molao mme a mo rotloetsa go ithuta dithuto tse di mo kgatlhang.[5]O ne a amogela Master of Arts kwa Syracuse University ka ngwaga wa 1871. Ga se fela gore Rev. Lockwood o na le megopolo e e gatetseng pele ka seabe sa basadi mo setšhabeng, o ne a thusa go godisa morwadia Belva e bong Lura, go tswa mo lenyalong la gagwe la ntlha. Ezekiel Lockwood o ne a tlhokafala kwa bofelong jwa Motsheganong ka ngwaga wa 1877. Ka kgwedi ya Phukwi ka ngwaga wa 1879 morwadia Lockwood e bong Lura McNall o ne a nyala DeForest.
Metswedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- ↑ "Belva Lockwood, Lawyer, Dies at 86. Only Woman Who Ran for Presidency and First to Practice in Supreme Court. A Pioneer in Suffrage. She Fought Case of Cherokee Indians Against the Government and Won $5,000,000 Settlement". The New York Times. May 20, 1917. Retrieved September 12, 2012.
Mrs. Belva A.B. Lockwood, the first woman admitted to practice before the Supreme Court, a pioneer in the woman suffrage movement, and the only woman who was ever a candidate for President of the United States, died here today in her eighty-sixth year.
- ↑ Bell, Margaret (August 8, 1922). "Women of Spirit". The Boston Globe. p. 14. Retrieved February 23, 2022
- 1 2 3 (subscription required)
- ↑ "Once Ran for President". The Boston Globe. October 20, 1907. p. 59. Retrieved February 23, 2022.
- 1 2 3 Kitty Parsons. "Who Was the First Woman to Run for the Presidency?", Christian Science Monitor, March 11, 1964, p. 19
- 1 2 3 Belva A. Lockwood. "My Efforts to Become a Lawyer", Lippincott's Monthly Magazine, February 1888, pp. 215–30