Benin
Benin,e le Republic of Benin semmuso ke lefatshe le le mo West Africa.Pele le ne le itsiwe ka Dahomey.[1]Le bapile le Togo kwa bophirima,Nigeria go ya kwa botlhaba,Burkina Faso kwa bokone-bophirima,le Niger kwa bokone-botlhaba.Bontsi jwa batho ba lone ba nna mo lotshitshing lo lo kwa borwa jwa Bight of Benin, karolo ya Gulf of Guinea mo karolong e e kwa bokone thata jwa Atlantic Ocean.[2]Motsemogolo ke Porto-Novo,mme seat of the government se kwa Cotonou,motse o o nang le batho ba bantsi le itsholelo.Benin o akaretsa lefelo la 112,622 km^2(43,484 sq mi), mme palo ya batho ya lone e ne e fopholodiwa go nna dimilione di le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 2021.[3][4]Ke lefatshe la tropical le le nang le itsholelo ee ikaegileng thata ka agriculture gape le romela ko ntle palm oil le cotton.[5][6]
Go tloga ka lekgola la bo lesome le bosupa la dingwaga go ya go la bo lesome le borobaongwe la dingwaga,ditheo tsa dipolotiki mo motlheng oo di ne di akaretsa Kingdom of Dahomey,toropo ya Porto Novo,le dinaga tse dingwe tse di kwa bokone.Kgaole e e ne ya bidiwa Slave Coast of West Africa go tloga kwa tshimologong ya lekgolo la bo17 la dingwaga ka ntlha ya palo ee kwa godimo ya batho ba ba neng ba rekisiwale go rekisiwa ka nako ya Atlantic Slave trade go ya kwa Lefatsheng le Lesha.France e ne ya tsaya kgaolo e ka ngwaga wa 1984,ya e tsenya mo French West Africa e le French Dahomey.Ka 1960,Dahomey o ne a tsaya boipuso ka botlalo mo Fora.Jaaka lefatshe e le sovereign state, Benin o nnile le demogratic governments,military coups, le military governments.Puso e e neng e itlhalosa ya ba Marxist-Leninist state e e neng e bidiwa People's Republic of Benin e e neng e le teng fa gare ga 1975 le 1990.Ka ngwaga wa 1991, e ene ya emisediwa ka multi-party Republic of Benin.[7]
Sefora ke Official language ya Benin,e na le dipuo tsa tlholego di akaretsa Fon,Briba,Yoruba le Dendi tse di neng di buiwa.Setlhopa sa kereke se se tona mo Benin ke Christianity ka (52.2%),e latelelwa ke Islam ka (24.6%) le African Traditional Religion ka (17.9%).Benin ke mongwe wa United States,African Union,Economic Community of west African States,Organisation of Islamic Operation,South Atlantic Peace and Coperation zone,Francophonie,Community of Sahel-Saharan States,African Petroleum Producers Association le Niger Basin Authority.
Etymology
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ka nako ya molao wa bobusi jwa Fora le morago ga Boipuso ka ngwaga wa 1960 kgwedi ya Phatwe e hlola gangwe,lefatshe le ne la bidiwa Dahomey,morago ga Kingdom of Dahomey.Ka ngwaga wa 1975 kgwedi e le ya ngwanatsele a hlola malatsi a le masome a mararo,go latelela Marxist-lenninist military coup,lefatshe le ne la bidiwa Benin,morago ga Bight of Benin,mo go kgaoganyang lefatshe ,ka ntlha ya ga Dahomey ka o ne a ikgolagantse le batho ba puo ya Fon ba ba tsereng bonthla bongwe jwa borwa jwa lefatshe.[8]Bight e tsaya leina leina la lone go tswa Kingdom of Benin,le le mo Nigeria mo bo gompienong.
Tsa Pele
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Pre-colonial
Pele ga 1600,Benin o ne a akaretsa ditsela tse di farologaneng tsa polotiki le merafe.Se se ne se akaretsa city-states go bapa le lebopo(segolo jang morafe wa Aja le Yoruba le batho ba Gbe) le dikgaolo tse di kwa teng ga naga(tse di naleng batho ba Bariba,Mahi,Gedevi,le batho ba Kaybye).Batho ba Oyo Empire ba ba bonwang thata segolo jang mo botlhaba jwa Benin,e ne e le bone maatla a sesole mo kgaolong ba dira diphoso le tlotla e e tlhomameng go tswa mo babusing ba mabopo le dikgaolo tsa merafe.[9]Seemo se ne sa fetoga ka dingwaga tsa bo lekgolo la bo 17 le la bo 18 e nna Kingdom of Dahomey,e e neng e nale Fon people ka bontsi ba ba neng ba fitlhelwa mo sebopiweng sa Abomey ba bo ba simolola go nna mo mafelong a a babileng le lebopo.[10]Ka 1727,kgosi Agaja wa Kingdom of Dahomey o ne a gapile ditoropo tse di fa lotshitshing jwa lewatle la Allada le Whyda.Dahomey e ne ya nna mogogi wa Oyo Empire,a gaisana mme o ne a seka a tlhasela ka tlhamalalo Oyo-allied city-state ya Poto-Novo.[11]Go tlhatlhoga ga Dahomey ,go gaisana le Porto-Novo le dipolotiki tse di kwa teng mo kgaolong ya bokone go ne ga itlama mo dipakeng tsa boloni le morago ga bokoloni.[12]
References
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- ↑ "Dahomey Announces Its Name Will Be Benin". The New York Times. 1975. Archived from the original on 16 September 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
- ↑ Hughes, R. H.; Hughes, J. S. (1992). A Directory of African Wetlands. IUCN. p. 301. ISBN 978-2-88032-949-5. Archived from the original on 8 May 2016. Retrieved 12 October 2015.
- ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022". United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ↑ "World Population Prospects 2022: Demographic indicators by region, subregion and country, annually for 1950-2100" (XSLX) ("Total Population, as of 1 July (thousands)"). United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division. Retrieved 17 July 2022.
- ↑ "FAO Initiative on Soaring Food Prices". Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Archived from the original on 24 October 2012. Retrieved 29 June 2010.
- ↑ "Major Industries in Benin". Arise IIP. Retrieved 23 June 2024.
- ↑ Global Logistics Assessments Reports Handbook. Vol. 1: Strategic Transportation and Customs Information for Selected Countries. International Business Publications USA. 2008 [2015]. p. 85. ISBN 978-0739766033.
- ↑ "Dahomey Announces Its Name Will Be Benin". The New York Times. 1 December 1975. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 16 September 2020. Retrieved 16 September 2020.
- ↑ Bay, Edna (1998). Wives of the Leopard: Gender, Politics, and Culture in the Kingdom of Dahomey. University of Virginia Press.
- ↑ Akinjogbin, I.A. (1967). Dahomey and Its Neighbors: 1708–1818. Cambridge University Press. OCLC 469476592.
- ↑ Law, Robin (1986). "Dahomey and the Slave Trade: Reflections on the Historiography of the Rise of Dahomey". The Journal of African History. 27 (2): 237–267. doi:10.1017/s0021853700036665. S2CID 165754199.
- ↑ Creevey, Lucy; Ngomo, Paul; Vengroff, Richard (2005). "Party Politics and Different Paths to Democratic Transitions: A Comparison of Benin and Senegal". Party Politics. 11 (4): 471–493. doi:10.1177/1354068805053213. S2CID 145169455. Archived from the original on 2 December 2020. Retrieved 20 April 2018.