Bokgoba kwa Aforika Borwa
Bokgoba kwa Aforika Borwa bo ne bo le teng go tloga ka 1653 kwa Dutch Cape Colony go fitlha ka Firikgong a rogwa 1834 fa bokgoba bo fedisiwa kwa British Cape Colony. Seno se ne sa latela gore Maborithane ba thibele kgwebo ya makgoba magareng ga dikolone ka 1807, mme ba gololwa ka 1834. Kwa ntle ga phediso ya semolao, bokgoba bo ne jwa tswelela mo direphaboliking tsa Maburu, segolo thata Rephaboliki ya Aforika Borwa (Transvaal) ka inboekstelsel[1] morago ga Leeto le Legolo.
Mmuso wa maDutch
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ka 1652, Jan van Riebeeck o ne a tlhoma seteishene sa go lapolosa dikepe tse di yang kwa Dutch East Indies kwa e leng Kapa gompieno.[2] Morago ga go retelelwa ke go bona dikgomo le batho ba selegae ba ba ikemiseditseng go dira ka go buisana le bone, Van Riebeeck o ne a tlisa bokgoba kwa Dutch Cape Colony.[3] Motlhanka wa ntlha, Abraham van Batavia, o ne a goroga ka 1653 ("van Batavia" le le rayang "go tswa kwa Batavia", leina la Jakarta ka nako ya bokolone jwa Dutch), mme ka bonako morago ga moo, loeto lwa bokgoba lo ne lwa dirwa go tswa kwa Kapa go ya kwa Mauritius le Madagascar.[2]
Ka Moranang 1657, go ne go na le makgoba a le lesome mo lefelong leo, go tswa mo bathong ba le lekgolo le masome a mane le bone. Seno se ne sa oketsega thata mo ngwageng o o latelang, fa Ba-Dutch ba ne ba tshwara makgoba a Mapotokisi le makgoba a le makgolo a matlhano a Angola, mme ba le makgolo a mabedi le masome a matlhano ba isiwa kwa Kapa.[4] Morago ga dikgwedi di le pedi, makgoba a mangwe a le masome mabedi le masome a mabedi le boferabobedi a ne a goroga go tswa kwa Guinea.[4] Thulaganyo e ne ya tokafadiwa fa bokolone jwa bafaladi bo ne bo simolola fa batlhankedi ba pele ba Dutch East India Company ba ne ba newa lefatshe. Mafelo a temothuo a Maburu a ne a fudusa badisa ba Khoekhoe kwa Table Bay, ba ba neng ba patelesega go dira jaaka batlhanka ka ntlha ya go latlhegelwa ke lefatshe la phulo. Bakolone ba Ba-Dutch ba ne ba tlisa makgoba go tswa kwa Portugal, Mozambique, Madagascar, Dutch Ceylon le Dutch India. Makgoba kwa dikoloneng tsa Dutch ba ne ba fiwa dijo tse di bokoa, ba le mo maemong a a sa siamang a botshelo, mme ba otlhaiwa ka go itewa fa ba sia kgotsa go sa obamele ditaelo.[3]
Mmuso wa ga Mmamosadinyana
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]
Matshosetsi a taolo ya Dutch ya Cape Colony a ne a tlhagelela ka ngwagakgolo wa bolesome le boferabobedi, fa Dutch East India Company e ne e koafala ka nako ya Ntwa ya Bone ya Anglo-Dutch. Ka dingwaga tsa bo-1780, masole a sesole sa bogosi sa Fora a ne a beilwe kwa Kapa go thibela tlhaselo ya Borithane. Kapa e ne ya tlhaselwa ke Maborithane ka 1795 ka nako ya Ntwa ya First Coalition, mme ya tsewa go fitlha ka 1803.[5]
Borithane moragonyana ba ne ba gapa Kapa semmuso mme moragonyana ba fetisa Molao wa Kgwebisano ya Makgoba wa 1807. O ne wa tsenngwa mo tirisong go tloga ka 1808, go fedisa kgwebo ya makgoba go tswa kwa ntle. Makgoba a a ne a letlelelwa go rekisiwa fela mo koloneng.[2] Ka nako e e tshwanang, Palamente e ne ya fetisa metseletsele ya melao e e itsegeng jaaka melao ya tokafatso e e diretsweng go tlamela makgoba ka maemo a a botoka a botshelo. Melao eno e ne e letla makgoba go nyalwa, go ithekela kgololesego ya bone, go nna le malapa a bone le go bona thuto ya motheo. Ditiro tseno di ne di lekanyetsa dikotlhao le dioura tsa tiro, mme di ne tsa rotloetsa barongwa go sokololela MaAforika mo Bokereseteng.[3]
Setlhopha sa ntlha se segolo sa bafaladi ba Borithane, bafaladi ba 1820, ba ne ba sa letlelelwa go nna le makgoba.[6]
Phediso
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ka 1833, Molao wa go Fedisa Bokgoba wa 1833 o ne wa amogelwa Royal Assent go tswa go Kgosi William IV; Seno se ne sa dira gore go fedisiwe bokgoba ka iketlo mo dikarolong di le dintsi tsa Mmusomogolo wa Borithane. Go ne ga begwa gore go ne go na le makgoba a le 38,427 kwa Cape of Good Hope ka 1833, bontsi jwa bone bo le kwa tlase ga kwa Jamaica, Barbados kgotsa Mauritius. [Citation needed] Ka Phatwe a rogwa 1834, makgoba otlhe a a neng a tshwerwe kwa Cape Colony ya British Empire a ne a gololwa, fela ba ne ba gololelwa go beng ba bona ba pele mo thulaganyong ya go ithuta e e neng ya fedisiwa ka dikgato di le pedi; Setlhopha sa ntlha sa go ithuta se ne sa fela ka Phatwe a rogwa 1838, fa dithuto tsa bofelo di ne di rulagantswe go emisa ka Phatwe a rogwa 1840, dingwaga di le thataro morago ga kgololosego ya semmuso. [Citation needed] Bokgoba bo ne jwa tswelela ka dingwaga di le dintsi mo dikgaolong tse di ikemetseng tsa Maburu tse di laolwang ke Orange Free State le Transvaal. Dikgaolo tseno di ne tsa tsenngwa mo pusong ya Borithane ka 1902 morago ga Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Maburu.
Metswedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- ↑ Morton, Fred (28 May 2019), "Slavery in South Africa", in Eldredge, Elizabeth; Morton, Fred (eds.), Slavery in South Africa: Captive Labor On The Dutch Frontier, Routledge, pp. 251–269, doi:10.4324/9780429306105-10, ISBN 978-0-429-30610-5, S2CID 199314684, e nopotswe Seetebosigo a ferabongwe ka 2025.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 "Timeline: Slavery in the Cape Colony". About.com. Archived from the original on 11 January 2012. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a ferabongwe ka 2025.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 3.2 "History of slavery and early colonisation in South Africa". South African History Online. 1 June 2022. Retrieved 11 February 2019.
In the Cape, Van Riebeeck first attempted to get cattle and labour through negotiation, but as soon as these negotiations broke down slavery was implemented.
- ↑ 4.0 4.1 Frank Welsh (1998). A History of South Africa. HarperCollins. pp. 35–36. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a ferabongwe ka 2025.
- ↑ sahoboss (21 March 2011). "General South African History Timeline: 1700s". South African History Online. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a ferabongwe ka 2025.
- ↑ "From Slavery to Freedom". rebirth.co.za. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a ferabongwe ka 2025.