Brigitte Mabandla

Brigitte Sylvia Mabandla (o o tshotsweng ka Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le boraro ngwaga wa 1948) ke mopolotiki wa kwa Aforika Borwa, mmueledi le molweladitshwanelo kgatlhanong le puso ya tlhaoelele o o berekileng mo plamenteng ya Aforika Borwa go tswa ka 2003 go tsena 2009, e le tona wa tshiamiso le tlhabololo molaomotheo go tswa ka 2004 go tsena 2008. O ne a nna moemedi wa Aforika Borwa kwa Sweden ka Firikgong 2020. Ke lebutswapele la African National Congress (ANC), e ne e le leloko le le tlhophilweng la komiti ya phathi ka dingwaga tsa 1997 go tsena 2012.

O tsholetswe kwa Durban, Mabandla o tseneletse dipolotiki ka mokgatlho wa baithuti ba Aforika Borwa kwa University of the North pele ga a tshaba le ANC ka 1975. Morago ga dingwaga di el lesome a ithuta gape a ruta molao kwa Botswana le Zambia, o nea nna mogakolodi wa molao wa ANC kwa Lusaka, Zambia go tswa ka 1986 go tsena 1990. Morago o ne a nna leloko la ssetlhopha sa phathi se se neng se rometswe go ya go buisana ka go fedisa puso ya tlhaolele, kwa aneng a nna le kgatlhego mo tshireletsong ya basadi le ditshwanelo tsa bana. O nnile mo palamenteng ka ditlhopho tsa Moranang 1994, le morago ga sebaka a le kwamorago mo palamenteng, o ne a tlhophiwa mo pusong ya National Unity ke tautona Nelson Mandela, o a neng a mo neela maemo a mothusa tona wa botaki, ngwao le maranyane ka 1995.

Morago ga go bereka mo lephateng la botaki le ngwao go tswa ka 1995 go tsena 2003, Mabandla o ne a tlhomiwa mo paalmenteng ya ga tautona Thabo Mbeki e le tona wa matlo go stwa ka 2003 go tsena 2004. Morago ga ditlhopho tsa lefatshe tsa 2004, Mbeki o ne a mo tlhoma tona wa ntlha wa mosadi wa tshiamiso, kwa a neng a nna le mathata le botsalano jo bo belaesegang le lekgotla le le sekisang le moeteledipele wa lone, Vusi Pikolo. E ne e le tona wa tshiamiso go fitlhelela ka Lwetse 2008, fa a nna tona wa dikgwebo tsa setshaba wa ga tautona Kgalema Motlanthe. O ne a ithola marapo mo dipolotiking morago ga ditlhopho tsa 2009.

Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana le thuto

Mabandla o tshotswe ka Ngwanatsele a le masome mabedi le boraro ngwaga wa 1948^[1] kwa Durban kwa e neng e le kgaolo ya Natale pele.^[2] O tsene sekolo se segolwane sa ithutelo ditiro kwa University of the North kwa Turfloop, mme o ne a seegelwa kwa thoko ka ntlha ya go tsaya karolo mo polotiking,^[2] morago fa a tshabile, o ne a fetsa dithuto tsa gagwe tsa LLB kwa University of Zambia ka 1979.^[1]

Nako ya puso ya tlhaolele le pereko

Mbandla o ne a tlhatlga maemo mo sepolotiking kwa Turfloop e le molwela ditshwanelo wa lekgotla la baithuti ba Aforika Borwa (SASO), lekgotla le le neng le le kgatlhanong le puso ya tlhaolele la mokgatlho wa batho bantsho.^[2] Morago ga go seegelwa kwa thoko kwa sekolong, o ne a boela Natale, kwa a neng a nna kwa legaeng kwa Lamontville a bereka ka nakwana e le morulaganyi wa banana kwa Institute of Race Relations kwa Durban ka dingwaga tsa 1974 le 1975.^[1]^[2] O ne a tswelela a le matlhagatlhaga mo SASO; ka Lwetse 1974, e ne e le leloko la komiti ya SASO e e neng e rulagantse megwanto ya "Viva FRELIMO" kwa Durban le Turfloop, ene le monna wa gagwe e ne e le bangwe ba balweladitshwanelo ba ba neng ba tshwarwa morago ga megwanto.^[3] O ne a tshwarwa dikgwedi di le tllhano le dibeke di le tharo, ka nako e a neng a sa letlelelwe go bona ngwana wa gagwe o a neng a le dikgwedi di le tlhano, e le ngwana wa mosetsana wa gagwe wa ntlha.^[4] O ne a bogisiwa ke mapodise makgetho a le mmalwa ka nako ya fa a tshwerwe. Le ntswa a ne a seka a itshupa fa pele ga komiti ya boammaruri le kagisano^[5] morago ga puso ya tlhaolele, mmereki wa tshireletso o ne a kopa maisthwarelo a re o nnile le seabe mo poisong ya gagwe; o ne a tlhokafala pele ga kopo ya gagwe e reediwa.^[4]

Mabandla le monan wa gagwe ba ne ba gololwa morago ga go seegelwa kwa thoko ka 1975, morago, ngwaga yone eo, ba ne ba tswa kwa Aforika Borwa ba tshaba go ya go sele mo borwa jwa Aforika, go tila mapodisi le go nna bontlha jwa African National Congress^[2] e e neng e kobilwe. Mabandla morago o ne a re kwa ANC botshelo jwa gagwe bo ne bo fetogile. "Ke ne ke itemogela dilo tse di farologaneng, thuto, polotiki, itsholelo, go gwanta le dikakanyo tsa lefatshe.^[2]Morago ga go fetsa LLB ya gagwe, o ne a nna morutuntshi, a ruta English le molao kwa Botswana Polytechnic go tswa ka 1981 go tsena 1983 le molao wa dikgwebo kwa Botswana Institute of Administration and Commerce go tswa ka 1983 go tsena 1986.^[1] Dikgatlhego tsa gagwe tsa tshekatsheko di ne di akaretsa ditshwanelo tsa setho, ditshwanelo tsa bana, le molaomotheo.^[6] Ka ngwaga wa 1986, o ne a fudugela kwa diofisikgolo tsa ANC kwa Lusaka, Zambia, kwa a neng a nna mogakolodi wa molao mo lephateng la molao la phathi eo.

Ka 1990, Mabandla o ne a tlogela maemo a gagwe a mogakolodi wa molao go nna bontlha jwa barongwa ba ANC ba ba neng ab ya go buisana ka go fedisa puso ya tlhaolele. Ka nako eo, e ne e le leloko la komiti ya molaomotheo ya phathi eo.^[1] Go ya ka Mabandla, o ne a tsaya kgakololo ya ga O . R Tambo ka tlhwaafalo go netefatsa fa ditshwanelo tsa basadi le tsa bana di sireletsegile mo molaong motheo wa morago ga puso ya tlhaolele.^[2] O berekile thata le makgotla a e senga puso le lekgotla la basadi la ANC. Ka nako eo gape o ne a bereka mo lephateng la tshekatsheko la University of the Western Cape.

Palamente: 1994 go tsena 2009

Ka ditlhopho tsa ntlha tsa Aforika Borwa morago ga puso ya tlhaolele ka Motsheganong 1994, Mabandla o ne a tlhophiwa go emela ANC kwa palamenteng ya Aforika Borwa. Ka ngwaga wa gagwe wa ntlha mo palamenteng, mabandla e ne e le leloko la komiti ya tshiamiso, le ya seemo sa molao sa tshenyo ya boimana. O ne a a bonwa e ka nna ntlhopheng wa phiro ya komiti ya ditshwanelo tsa setho.

Mothusa tona : 1995 go tsena 2003

Le fa go ntse jalo, ka Mopitlo 1995, tautona Nelson Mandela o ne a itsise fa Mabandla a tlaa nna bontlha jwa puso ya National Unity e le mothusa tona wa botaki, ngwao le maranyane. Go tlhatlosiwa maemo ga gagwe go ne go makatsa, le ntswa pampiri ya dikgany ya Mail & Guardian e ne e mo supa e le mongwe wa bomme ba tlhwatlhwa mo African national Congress. O ne a emela Winnie Mandela, o a neng a re go thapiwa ga ga Mabandla ga go ka fa molaong a buisiwa ke go tlhoka go itumelela go kobiwa ga gagwe. o ne a nna mo maemong ao mo pusong ya ga motlhatlhami wa ga Mandela, Thabo Mbeki, o o tseneng mo pusing morago ga ditlhopho tsa Seetebosigo 1999.

Metswedi

1 2 3 4 5 "Brigitte Sylvia Mabandla, Ms". Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Development. Archived from the original on 2 October 2008. Retrieved 21 November 2025
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Brigitte Mabandla". Servant Leader. Retrieved 21 November 2025
↑ "BCM women led from the front". The Mail & Guardian. 24 August 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2025
1 2 "Volume 3, Section 1: Torture in custody". Truth Commission Special Report. Retrieved 21 November 2025
↑ "Carolus, Mabandla decline to tell TRC of torture at hands of police". SAPA. 17 July 1997. Retrieved 21 November 2025
↑ Women Marching Into the 21st Century: Wathint' Abafazi, Wathint' Imbokodo. HSRC Press. 2000. pp. 86–7. ISBN 978-0-7969-1966-3.

[:0-1] 1 2 3 4 5 "Brigitte Sylvia Mabandla, Ms". Ministry of Justice and Constitutional Development. Archived from the original on 2 October 2008. Retrieved 21 November 2025

[:1-2] 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 "Brigitte Mabandla". Servant Leader. Retrieved 21 November 2025

[3] "BCM women led from the front". The Mail & Guardian. 24 August 2018. Retrieved 21 November 2025

[:2-4] 1 2 "Volume 3, Section 1: Torture in custody". Truth Commission Special Report. Retrieved 21 November 2025

[5] "Carolus, Mabandla decline to tell TRC of torture at hands of police". SAPA. 17 July 1997. Retrieved 21 November 2025

[6] Women Marching Into the 21st Century: Wathint' Abafazi, Wathint' Imbokodo. HSRC Press. 2000. pp. 86–7. ISBN 978-0-7969-1966-3.

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