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Elizabeth Pulane Moremi

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Elizabeth Pulane Moremi
Regent and mohumagadi of Tawana
Reign1947–1964
PredecessorMoremi III
SuccessorLetsholathêbê II a Morêmi
TsaloAugust 1912
Orange Free State
LesoTempolete:Death year and age
SpouseMoremi III
Mathata3

Elizabeth Pulane Moremi OBE (1912–1994) e ne e le motshwarelela-bogosi le mohumagadi wa baTawana go tloga ka 1946 go fitlha ka 1964 fa morwawe, Letsholathêbê II a Morêmi, a ne a sa le monnye thata go ka busa. O ne a nyalana le Moremi III, mmusi wa baTawana, ka 1937. Fa a ne a tlhokafala mo kotsing ya koloi ka 1946, o ne a dirwa motshwarelela-bogosi. Mo tirong e, Moremi o ne a leka go dira diphetogo di le mmalwa tse di tswelelang pele mme a kgorelediwa ke kganetso ya batho ba ba sa fetogeng. O ne a tlogela tiro ka 1964 mme a bereka kwa sekolong sengwe go fitlha a tlhokafala, dingwaga di le masome a mararo moragonyana.

Botshelo jwa pele

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Elizabeth Pulane Moremi o tshotswe kwa Orange Free State ka kgwedi ya Phatwe 1912 ke Reuben Seeco, modiri wa seporo, le Elizabeth Molema. Batsadi ba gagwe e ne e le maloko a morafe wa BaRolong. O ne a bua Seesemane le Seburu fa a sa ntse e le ngwana. Morago ga go katisediwa go dira jaaka mooki, o ne a fudugela kwa Aforika Borwa mme a bona tiro kwa Tiger Kloof Educational Institute. Ke kwa sekolong kwa a neng a kopana le monna wa gagwe, Moremi, mme bobedi jo bo ne jwa nyalana ka 1937. Ba ne ba nna le bana ba le bararo.[1][2][3][4] Go ne gotwe o ne a "rata go bidiwa Mme Moremi".[5]

Ka 1937 monna wa gagwe o ne a nna kgosi ya BaTawana mme banyalani bano ba fudugela kwa Ngamiland. Moremi III o ne a sa utlwane ka metlha le makgoa a a neng a laola Botswana ka nako eo e le karolo ya Bechuanaland Protectorate, mme o ne a emisiwa ka 1945 ka ntlha ya supiwa ka monwana mo tshenyetso setshabeng. Ka ntlha ya gore Makgowa a ne a bona a ka ikanngwa, Elizabeth Moremi o ne a bewa jaaka mmamatlotlo wa morafe. Monna wa gagwe o ne a tlhokafala ngwaga o o latelang mo kotsing ya koloi.[1][6] Ka ntlha ya fa monna yo mogolo mo lelapeng, malome wa monna wa gagwe, a ne a tsewa a se na bokgoni ke balaodi ba Borithane[3] mme morwa wa bone yo mogolo a ne a le monnye thata go ka busa, Moremi o ne a nna motshwarelela-bogosi jwa morafe.[1][6] Badiredibagolo ba Borithane ba ne ba na le maikutlo a a siameng ka tiro ya gagwe ya go nna mmamatlotlo.[3] Go ne go na le batho ba ka nna dikete tse masome matlhano mo morafeng fa a ne a tsaya maemo ao.[7] Leetile Disang Raditladi yo o neng a tlhomilwe ke monna wa gagwe[3] e ne e le mokwaledi wa gagwe.[2] Bobedi jo bo ne jwa ratana ka 1947.[3]

Dictionary of African Biography e tlhalosa Moremi jaaka "motsamaisi yo o tswelelang pele le yo o nang le bokgoni", fela puso ya gagwe e ne e tshwailwe ke kgotlhang le ba lelwapa la segosi ba ba sa fetogeng ba ba neng ba sa bolo go laola morafe le molao wa one.[1] Mo lelwapeng la segosi, ke mmaagwe monna wa gagwe fela yo o neng a tshegetsa Moremi jaaka motshwarelela-bogosi. Bangwe ba ne ba mo tsaya e le kgetlho e e sa siamang ka gonne e ne e se leloko la morafe la tlhago. Moremi le ene o ne a itsaya a itshekisitswe go gaisa BaTawana; o ne a ise a nne gaufi le monna wa gagwe morago ga dingwaga di le mmalwa ka gonne o ne a mo tsaya a le "kgakala" thata, mme ka dinako tse dingwe o ne a dira gore mongwe wa basadi ba gagwe a mo apeele dijo.[3] Batho bao ba ba neng ba sa fetoge ba ne ba leka go tlosa Moremi, mme Maesemane a ne a mo ema nokeng gore a tswelele a laola.[1][8] The Birth of Botswana e mo tlhalosa jaaka yo o tshwaregileng fa gare ga maloko a morafe o o sa fetogeng a a neng a le kgatlhanong le diphetogo, segolobogolo go naya batho ba e neng e se maloko a morafe wa BaTawana maatla a mantsi, le Maesemane, a a neng a rata dikgato tse di jalo.[9]

Moremi o ne a tlhoma diphetogo dingwe, jaaka go naya batho ba BaYei boipuso jo bo oketsegileng ka 1948.[1][8] Morago ga thotloetso ya Borithane le fa a ne a na le dipelaelo, o ne a ba naya dikgotla mme a ganela gore botlhanka bo teng.[10] O ne a tlhama lekgotla la morafe go oketsa kemedi ya "ditlhopha tse di kwa tlase" ka dingwaga tsa bo 1950.[1][8] Moremi o ne a tlhomiwa go nna Leloko la Mokgatlho wa Mmusomogolo wa Borithane mo Ditlotleng tsa Ngwaga o Mosha wa 1957,[11] le Modiredi wa Mokgatlho wa Mmusomogolo wa Borithane mo Ditlotleng tsa Ngwaga o Mosha wa 1963.[12]

Ka 1950, mokwadi wa ditso Susan Williams o kwala gore, Moremi o ne a setse a "itsiwe thata jaaka motsamaisi yo o tsweletseng pele le yo o siameng."[13] Mokwalo wa lekwalodikgang la 1961 o ne wa re o ne a na le "maatla a go se nang mosadi ope yo o a fitlheletseng mo Aforika fa e sale batlhasedi ba Yuropa ba tlosa dikgosi tsa bofelo tsa basadi".[14] Jaaka kgosi o ne a oketsa kotlhao mmogo le go dirisa madi mo thutong.[14] Moremi o ne a tla kgala gape le puso ya Borithane ka dinako tse dingwe, go akaretsa le ka fa e neng e tshwara Seretse Khama ka teng le go tshwara go sa dumalane le BaNgwato. Fa Lekgotla la Peomolao la Protectorate le ne le tlhamiwa ka 1960, e ne e le ene fela mosadi yo o neng a direla mo go lone.[1] Ka 1963 o ne a thibela go tsoma dikubu mo kgaolong eo.[15]

Lefelo la Diphologolo la Moremi le tlhomilwe ka 1963.[7] Moremi o ne a nnile le seabe se se botlhokwa mo go le tlhameng, a disa maiteko le go dira go aga tshegetso ya lone. O ne a feleletsa a tlhotlheleditse morafe go tshegetsa lefelo la polokelo kwa kgotleng (kgotsa tshwetso ya morafe). Maiteko ao a ne a simolola taolo ya metswedi ya tlholego e e theilweng mo baaging.[1][16][17] Go tlhamiwa ga lefelo leno go umakilwe jaaka kgato e kgolo mo tshomarelong ya diphologolo tsa naga mo kgaolong e.[16]

Go tlogela tiro le loso

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Moremi o ne a tlogela botshwarelela-bogosi ka ngwaga wa 1964 mme a tlhatlhangwa ke morwawe. Moremi o ne a direla kwa botlhaba jwa Botswana, kwa kholetsheng ya borutabana ya Francistown. O ne a feleletsa a rotse tiro mme a tlhokafala ka 1994.[1]

  1. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Akyeampong, Emmanuel K.; Gates, Henry Louis, eds. (1 January 2012). "Moremi, Elizabeth Pulane (1912–1994)". Dictionary of African Biography (1 ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/acref/9780195382075.001.0001. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5.
  2. 1 2 Morton, Barry; Ramsay, Jeff (13 June 2018). Historical Dictionary of Botswana. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 203–204. ISBN 978-1-5381-1133-8.
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Morton, Barry (2015). "A New Motswasele? Leetile Raditladi's Troubled Tenure as Batawana Tribal Secretary, 1946–1952". Botswana Notes and Records. 47: 24–33. ISSN 0525-5090. JSTOR 90024301.
  4. ↑ "Mohumagadi Pulane Moremi (1912–94)". Weekend Post. 5 November 2018. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025.
  5. ↑ Davidson, Julie (7 August 2014). Looking for Mrs Livingstone. Saint Andrew Press. p. 215. ISBN 978-0-86153-763-1.
  6. 1 2 Catalogue description: Native tribes in Bechuanaland: death of Chief Moremi of the Botawama Tribe and... 1947.
  7. 1 2 Braun, Elisabeth (1995). Portraits in conservation : Eastern and Southern Africa. Internet Archive. Golden, Colo. : North American Press. p. 202. ISBN 978-1-55591-914-6.
  8. 1 2 3 Nyati-Ramahobo, Lydia (2002). "From a Phone Call to the High Court: Wayeyi Visibility and the Kamanakao Association's Campaign for Linguistic and Cultural Rights in Botswana". Journal of Southern African Studies. 28 (4): 685–709. doi:10.1080/0305707022000043476. ISSN 0305-7070. JSTOR 823347. S2CID 144365013.
  9. ↑ Morton & Ramsay 1987, pp. 110–111.
  10. ↑ Morton & Ramsay 1987, pp. 115–120.
  11. ↑ "No. 40960". The London Gazette (Supplement). 28 December 1956. p. 25.
  12. ↑ "No. 42870". The London Gazette (Supplement). 28 December 1962. p. 24.
  13. ↑ Williams 2006, p. 142.
  14. 1 2 "Woman Chief of African Tribe Fighting for Woman's Freedom". Asbury Park Press. 10 May 1961. p. 31. Retrieved 24 Lwetse 2025 – via Newspapers.com .
  15. ↑ Walker, Clive (1989). Above Africa : aerial photography from the Okavango swamplands. Internet Archive. New York, NY : Mallard Press. p. 38. ISBN 978-0-7924-5109-9.
  16. 1 2 Somerville, Keith (10 July 2019). Humans and Lions: Conflict, Conservation and Coexistence. Routledge. ISBN 978-1-351-36529-1.
  17. ↑ Somerville, Keith (1 January 2017). Ivory: Power and Poaching in Africa. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-1-84904-865-1.
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