Fikile Ntshangase
Fikile Ntshangase (yo o tshotsweng ka 1957) e ne e le molwela-tikologo wa Aforika Borwa yo o neng a bolawa ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le bobedi ka 2020. E ne e le leloko le le eteletseng pele la Mokgatlho wa Bosiamisi jwa Tikologo wa Baagi wa Mfolozi (MCEJO), e e tsayang dikgato tsa semolao kgatlhanong le katoloso e e tshitshintsweng ya moepo wa magala o o bulegileng o o tsamaisiwang ke Tendele Coal Mining (Pty) Ltd, gaufi le Somkhele, e e gaufi le phaka ya Hluhluwe–iMfolozi, e leng lefelo la bogologolo go gaisa la tlhago mo Aforika.[1]
Bolwela-tikologo
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Tiro ya tikologo
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ntshangase e ne e le Mothusa modulasetilo wa komitipotlana ya MCEJO.[2] Mokgatlho o kile wa gwetlha katoloso ya meepo kwa Mthethwa ka dithulaganyo tsa Tshekatsheko ya Diphelelo tsa Tikologo. MCEJO e amogela tshegetso go tswa go Earthlife Africa, Tiro ya fa fatshe, ActionAid ya Aforika Borwa, le WoMin.
Morafe wa Mpukunyoni
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]MCEJO e ne ya nna le seabe mo go gwetlheng moepo wa Somkhele ka kopo ya baagi mo motseng wa Mpukunyoni. Moepo wa Magala wa Tendele o ne o neilwe ditshwanelo tse dingwe mo lefelong leo mme katoloso ya moepo e ne e tla fitlha gaufi le Lefelo la Diphologolo la Hluhluwe-iMfolozi.[3] Moepo oo o o gaufi le legae la ga Ntshangase kwa Ophondweni kwa kgaolong ya KwaZulu-Natal, kwa Aforika Borwa. Ke motlhagisi yo mogolo wa Aforika wa anthracite, e e dirisiwang mo tirong ya tshipi.[4] Morafe wa Mpukunyoni o ntse o ikaegile ka go disa le temothuo ka tlwaelo,[3] fela Moepo wa Magala wa Somkhele le lefelo la diphologolo la Hluhluwe-iMfolozi ke tsone tse di thapang morafe ono thata.[1]
Matshwenyego a botsogo a a amanang le moepo a tlhagisitswe ke baagi ba selegae, go akaretsa le dikgang tse di amanang le go hema tse di amanang le lerole la magala; kgotlelo ya metsi a a nowang; le go kgadisa metswedi ya metsi.[5] Matshwenyego a setso le one a ne a tsenngwa jaaka mabitla a bagologolwane kwa a neng a epololwa le go fudusediwa go sele kwantle ga go supiwa sentle.[1] Mo godimo ga moo, Lefelo la Diphologolo la Hluhluwe-iMfolozi le na le seabe se segolo mo maitekong a tshomarelo ya tikologo go dikologa tshukudu e tshweu, mme go na le poifo go tswa kwa lefelong le ya gore go atolosiwa ga moepo wa Somkhele gaufi le molelwane wa lone go tla gakatsa go tsoma.[6]
Ntshangase e ne e le karolo ya kganetsano ya semolao e e neng e le kgatlhanong le go atolosiwa ga moepo wa Somkhele. Ka thuso ya babueledi ba phetogo ya loapi le tshiamiso ya tikologo go tswa kwa lefelong la molao wa tikologo le le sa direng dipoelo la ALL RISE, MCEJO e ne ya tsaya kgato ya semolao kgatlhanong le Tendele Coal Mining go emisa tiro ya yone mo moepong wa Somkhele go fitlha e baakanya leano la yone le le maleba la taolo ya tikologo le dimela tse di sireleditsweng mo lefelong leo.[7] Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Pietermaritzburg e ne ya swetsa ka gore Tendele ga e tlhoke go nna le tetla ya tikologo ya ditshwanelo tsa yone tsa meepo.[8] Fa kgetse e ne e ikuelwa, Kgotlatshekelokgolo ya Boikuelo e ne ya kgaola kgetse ka lebaka la gore MCEJO le ALL RISE di ne di sa tlhalose ditiro tse di rileng tse di dirilweng ke Tendele tse di neng di tlhoka tetla ya tikologo.[8]
Dikgotlhang tse di tlhatlogang
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Baagi ba lefelo leo ba ne ba kgaogane malebana le go atolosiwa ga moepo, mme seno sa dira gore go nne le dikgotlhang tse di oketsegang. Bangwe ba ne ba ntse ba dira letsholo la go somarela matshelo a bone a kwa magaeng le tikologo, mme maloko a mangwe a baagi a ne a tlhoka tiro go tswa kwa moepong mme ba tshegetsa katoloso.[3] Bangwe ba baagi ba Mpukunyoni ba ne ba ipelaetsa kgatlhanong le go fudusiwa go go tshitshintsweng go go amanang le katoloso ya Tendele, ba umaka go sa buisane le setšhaba sentle pele ga go newa setlamo seno ditshwanelo tsa meepo[1] Batho ba selegae ba ba gaufi le moepo ba ne ba ntse ba tshosediwa le go tshosediwa ka tirisodikgoka mo dikgweding tsa pele ga polao ya ga Ntshangase. Go begwa fa malapa a a neng a gana go fudusiwa mo mafatsheng a borraabone a ne a thuntshiwa. Ka Moranang wa 2020, go ne ga thuntshiwa dikolo di le 19 kwa legaeng la molweladitshwanelo yo mongwe yo o kgatlhanong le meepo, e bong Tholakele Mthethwa.[3]
Meepo ya Tendele kwa tshimologong e ne ya leka go fitlhelela tumalano le MCEJO go gogela morago dikgetsi tsa kgotlatshekelo kgatlhanong le khamphani, e maloko mangwe a MCEJO a neng a dumalana le yone.[9] Go bolelwa fa Ntshangase a ne a ganne go saena tumalano mme a gana pipamolomo ya kompone eo. Go begwa fa a ne a re, "Ke ganne go saena. Ga ke kake ka rekisa batho ba me. Mme fa go tlhokega, ke tla swela batho ba me."[10]
Loso
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ka nako ya 6:30 maitseboa ka Phalane a le masome a mabedi le bobedi 2020, go ya ka mapodisi a selegae, banna ba le bararo ba ne ba tsena mo lelwapeng la ga Ntshangase kwa Ophondweni, mme ba mo hula ka tlhobolo (makgetlho a le marataro) dimitara di le mmalwa go tswa mo ngwanawangwa wa gagwe wa dingwaga di le lesome le boraro le ditsala tsa gagwe tse pedi (ba dingwaga di le robabedi le lesome).[2] O ne a na le dingwaga di le masome a marataro le boraro mme o ne a segelela dieiye tsa dijo tsa maitseboa ka nako eo.[3]
Loso lwa ga Ntshangase e ne e le karolo ya tlwaelo e e golang ya balwela-tikologo ba ba bolailweng, ka gonne palo e e kwa godimo e ne ya bolawa mo lefatsheng lotlhe ka 2019 le ka 2020, go ya ka dipego tsa Global Witness.[2][11] Dintsho tseno di amana le dikgwetlho tsa balwela-tikologo mo madirelong a lookwane la masaledi a dilo tse di epolotsweng, mmogo le dikgaogano tsa baagi ba selegae tse di amanang le kafa go buelela tikologo go ka amang matshelo a bone ka gone fa go se na phetogo e e siameng.[4]
Tsibogo ya boditšhabatšhaba
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Loso lwa ga Ntshangase lo kgadilwe jaaka polao ke mekgatlho e le mentsintsi ya tikologo le ya setho. Sekai, ka Phalane a le masome mabedi le bosupa, 2020, mokgatlho wa tikologo wa groundWork o ne wa romela lekwalo kwa ditheong tse di farologaneng tsa Aforika Borwa tsa balaodi ba kopa gore go dirwe dipatlisiso ka bonako ka loso lwa gagwe, lo lo neng lwa engwa nokeng ke mafaratlhatlha a boditšhabatšhaba a mekgatlho ya tikologo ya Friends of the Earth.[10] Mokgatlho wa Ditshwanelo tsa Setho o kwadile lekwalo le le tshwanang.[12]
Metswedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- 1 2 3 4 Kockott, Fred; Hattingh, Matthew (28 October 2020). "South African activist killed as contentious coal mine seeks to expand". Mongabay Environmental News. Archived from the original on 10 February 2021. Retrieved 18 Tlhakole 2026.
- 1 2 3 Greenfield, Patrick (23 October 2020). "South African environmental activist shot dead in her home". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 21 March 2021. Retrieved 18 Tlhakole 2026.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Koko, Khaya (7 November 2020). "How we braved danger to honour Fikile Ntshangase". Mail & Guardian. Archived from the original on 21 March 2021. Retrieved 18 Tlhakole 2026.
- 1 2 Bond, Patrick (17 February 2022). "Lessons from the assassination of Fikile Ntshangase: Climate violence, the "Right to say No!", uncompensated resource extraction, financial profiteering and unpaid ecological debt in South Africa's coal mining belt". CADTM. Retrieved 18 Tlhakole 2026.
- ↑ Koko, Khaya (7 November 2020). "Tendele's mine pollutes their air and water, residents claim". The Mail & Guardian. Retrieved 18 Tlhakole 2026.
- ↑ "Mining impacts on Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park". Roving Reporters. Archived from the original on 17 February 2022. Retrieved 18 Tlhakole 2026.
- ↑ "Somkhele - All Rise". Retrieved 18 Tlhakole 2026.
- 1 2 Kirsten, Youens (20 January 2022). "Unfortunate Environmental Authorisation Precedent Stands as Application to the Constitutional Court Dismissed - All Rise". Retrieved 18 Tlhakole 2026.
- ↑ Schneider, Victoria (12 November 2021). "Legal challenge to South Africa mine expansion looks to set new landmark". Mongabay Environmental News. Retrieved 18 Tlhakole 2026.
- 1 2 "Condemnation of the assassination of Mama Fikile Ntshangase in South Africa". Friends of the Earth International. 6 November 2020. Archived from the original on 15 May 2021. Retrieved 18 Tlhakole 2026.
- ↑ Marshall, Claire (13 September 2021). "Record number of environmental activists murdered". BBC News. Retrieved 18 Tlhakole 2026.
- ↑ "Letter to the South Africa Department of Police in support of a prompt, thorough, and impartial investigation into the recent killing of environmental activist Mama Fikile Ntshangase". Human Rights Watch. 2 November 2020. Archived from the original on 21 May 2021. Retrieved 18 Tlhakole 2026.