Fish Keitseng
Ntwaesele Thatayone "Fish" Keitseng OLS (Firikgong a le masome mabedi le motso 1923– Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi 2005) e ne e le molweladitshwanelo tsa babereki wa Motswana le lepolotiki. Keitseng e ne e le mongwe wa basekisiwa ba Tsheko ya Boferefere ka 1956 kwa Aforika Borwa. Morago ga go lelekwa ga gagwe kwa Aforika Borwa, Keitseng o ne a rulaganya mafaratlhatlha a ditsela tse di babalesegileng tsa diketekete tsa balweladitshwanelo tsa African National Congress ba ba neng ba lebile kwa bokone. Gape e ne e le moeteledipele yo o tlhageletseng wa kganetso mo teng ga Botswana.
Botshelo jwa pele
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Fish Keitseng o tsholetswe kwa Gangwaketse ka ngwaga wa 1923, e le ngwana wa ntlha wa mosimane mo lelapeng.[1][2][3] Keitseng o ne a fudugela kwa lefatsheng le le mabapi la Aforika Borwa fa a le dingwaga di le masome mabedi le motso. Kwa Aforika Borwa o ne a simolola go dira mo meepong.[3] Ka a ne a se na thuto e e rulagantsweng, o ne a ithuta go bala a le esi ka dipampiri tsa dikgang.[4] O ne a thapiwa mo Mokgatlhong wa Badiri ba Meepo ba Aforika ke moeteledipele wa Transvaal African National Congress/Communist Party J. B. Marks. Marks o ne a nna motlhomasekao wa ga Keitseng mo dipolotiking.[1] Ka 1948 Keitseng o ne a tsenelela ANC.[1] Ka 1949 o ne a fudusetsa bonno jwa gagwe kwa Newclare (kwa Johannesburg). O ne a simolola go dira kwa madirelong, mme a nna moeteledipele wa mokgatlho wa ANC kwa Newclare. O ne a le matlhagatlhaga ka nako ya Letsholo la go Ganetsa la 1952.[3]
Dikhuduego tsa Newclare le tsheko ya matshosetsi mo pusong
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ka 1956 o ne a atlholelwa ngwaga o le mongwe kwa kgolegelong, morago ga tiragalo ya go ipusolosetsa mo mapodising a a neng a tshwere batlolamolao ba dipasa.[3] Keitseng o ne a etelela pele setlhopha sa batho, a golola batlolamolao ba dipasa. Dikhuduego di ne tsa tswelela kwa Newclare malatsi a mabedi, mme tirisodikgoka e ne ya fokotsega fela morago ga gore Keitseng a ineele mo mapodising (ka kopo ya ga Nelson Mandela). Morago ga tiragalo e, o ne a bona leina la botsalano la 'Robin Hood wa Newclare'.[1] O ne a ikuela kwa Kgotlatshekelong e Kgolo, mme a latlhegelwa ke yone mo bogareng jwa 1957.[3] Fa a ne a le kwa kgolegelong ka ntlha ya dikhuduego tsa Newclare, Keitseng o ne a latofadiwa jaaka mongwe wa basekisiwa mo Tshekong ya Matshosetsi mo Pusong.[1][3] Morago ga tsheko o ne a lelekelwa kwa Bechuanaland (Botswana wa gompieno) ka 1959.[1][3]
Matlo a a babalesegileng
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Kwa Bechuanaland Keitseng o ne a tswelela go thusa ANC, a tlhoma mafaratlhatlha a ditsela tse di babalesegileng tsa maloko a ANC a a neng a ya kwa mafatsheng a sele go ya go katisiwa mo dipolotiking le mo sesoleng.[3] Diketekete tsa batho di ne tsa tsamaya feta Bechuanaland/Botswana ka mafaratlhatlha a ga Keitseng.[4] Baeteledipele ba le bantsi ba ba tlhageletseng ba ANC ba ne ba amogelwa ke Keitseng kwa ntlong ya gagwe ya pabalesego kwa Lobatse, go akaretsa le Nelson Mandela le Thabo Mbeki.[5] Ka Phalane 1962 Keitseng o ne a tsamaya go ralala Rhodesia Borwa le setlhopha sa balweladitshwanelo ba basha ba ANC ba le masome mabedi le borataro (go akaretsa Thabo Mbeki), ba lebile kwa Tanganyika. Setlhopha seno se ne sa tshwarwa mme sa tswalelwa le go bogisiwa dibeke di le thataro. Morago ga moo ba ne ba rwalwa go tswa mo lefatsheng, go neelwa balaodi ba Aforika Borwa. Le fa go ntse jalo, Keitseng o ne a kgona go ntsha tshedimosetso ka mokgatlho ono ka bokhukhuntshwane kwa balweladitshwanelong ka ene. Bone, ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, ba ne ba kgona go tlhotlheletsa Molaodi wa Kgaolo wa Borithane wa Palapye go thibela terena le go golola batshwarwa.[1][6] Mo go yone kgwedi eo ANC e ne ya tshwara kokoano ya sephiri kwa safe-house ya ga Keitseng kwa Lobatse. Kopano e e ne ya tshegetsa semmuso mola o mosha wa kgaratlho ya dibetsa kgatlhanong le puso ya Tlhaolele.[1]
Lepolotiki la kganetso
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Keitseng gape o ne a nna matlhagatlhaga mo dipolotiking tsa kganetso mo Botswana, a nna leloko le le simolotseng Botswana People’s Party mme morago a nna mothei wa setlhopha se se kgaoganang sa Botswana Independence Party.[1][5] Ka ngwaga wa 1965 o ne a tlhoma lekoko la Botswana National Front mmogo le Kenneth Koma.[1][5][7] Ke gangwe fela Keitseng a neng a ema jaaka ntlhopheng mo ditlhophong, a tlhophiwa go nna mokhanselara wa Gaborone mo pakeng ya 1989 go fitlha ka 1993.[1][5]
Phitlho le boswa
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Keitseng o tlhokafetse ka Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le boferabobedi 2005, morago ga go lwala ka lobaka lo loleele. Batho ba le diketekete ba ne ba tsaya karolo mo phitlhong ya gagwe kwa Gaborone. Go ne ga opelwa difela tsa ANC le BNF.[8] Go ne ga balwa melaetsa go tswa go tautona wa lefatshe la Botswana le Aforika Borwa. Tiragalo eo e ne ya begwa ke bobegadikgang jwa SABC gammogo le jwa Botswana. Polelo e e ntshitsweng go tswa kwa Kantorong ya Tautona wa Botswana go tsibogela go tlhokafala ga ga Keitseng e ne ya akgela ka gore "ka bagale ba selegae ba ba jaaka moswi Comrade Fish merafe ya Aforika Borwa gompieno e eme mmogo jaaka kgaolo e e nang le mowa o o tshwanang le isago."[4]
Ka Moranang 2005 Keitseng o ne a abelwa Order of Luthuli in Silver morago ga loso lwa gagwe "ya boeteledipele jwa gagwe jo bo gaisang le seabe sa gagwe mo kgaratlhong ya dikeletso tsa Aforika Borwa e e gololesegileng, e e siameng le ya puso ya batho ka batho", e e neng ya abelwa ke Tautona wa Aforika Borwa.[3] Ka Phatwe 2012 ntlo e e babalesegileng ya ga Keitseng ya Lobatse e ne ya itsisiwe jaaka sefikantswe sa bosetšhaba.[5]
Buka ya botshelo jwa ga Keitseng, Comrade Fish, e ne ya gololwa ka ngwaga wa 1999 ke Pula Press, mme ke nngwe ya dipego tsa ntlha tsa botshelo tse di kwadilweng ke Motswana yo e seng wa segosi. E theilwe mo dipotsolotsong tse di tseneletseng tse di dirilweng ka 1996 le 1997 le Jeff Ramsay le Barry Morton, buka e na le pono e e tshelang ya ka fa teng ya mokgatlho wa sephiri wa ANC, mmogo le dintlha tse dingwe tsa botshelo tse di amanang le botshelo jwa lelapa la gagwe, maitemogelo a gagwe mo tirong ya bafaladi, mmogo le go nna le seabe mo mokgatlhong wa kgwebo. Jaanong go golotswe kgatiso ya bosheng e e tlhabolotsweng, e e bulegileng ya buka eno e e sa tlholeng e gatisiwa.[9]
Metswedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Ramsay, Jeff (15 October 1999). "BOPA News on 15 October 1999: Builders of the Nation – Comrade Fish". BOPA Daily News. Archived from the original on 2 December 2012. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.
- ↑ Keitseng, Fish (1999). Morton, Barry; Ramsay, Jeff (eds.). Comrade Fish: Memories of a Motswana in the ANC Underground. Gaborone, Botswana: Pula Press. p. 15. ISBN 978-99912-61-70-6.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "Fish Keitseng (1919–2005)". The Presidency, Republic of South Africa. 26 April 2005. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.
- 1 2 3 "The Weekly Electronic Press Circular of the Office of the President". The University of Texas. 2 April 2005. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Kgamanyane, Nnasaretha (3 August 2012). "Several buildings declared national monuments". Mmegi. Vol. 29, no. 114. Dikgang Publishing Company. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.
- ↑ Ramsay, Dr. Jeff. "Turning Points". Weekend Post. ATD Media Corporation Pty Ltd. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.
- ↑ "BOPA News on 9 November 2006: BNF celebrate 40 years". BOPA Daily News. 9 November 2006. Archived from the original on 27 November 2012. Retrieved 23 Phalane 2025.
- ↑ "BOPA News on 5 April 2005: Freedom fighter laid to rest". BOPA Daily News. 5 April 2005. Archived from the original on 28 November 2012. Retrieved 24 Phalane 2025.
- ↑ Comrade Fish: Memories of a Motswana in the ANC Underground. Revised internet edition, 2018. https://www.academia.edu/35672165/Comrade_Fish_Memories_of_a_Motswana_in_the_ANC_Underground._Revised_internet_edition_2018