Go Fedisa Bokoloniale Jwa Aforika

Go fedisiwa ga bokoloniale jwa Aforika e ne e le motseletsele wa ditiragalo tsa sepolotiki mo Aforika tse di akaretsang go tloga bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1950 go fitlha ka 1975 ka nako ya Ntwa ya Molomo. Dipuso tsa bokoloniale di ne tsa dira gore go nne le dinaga tse di ikemetseng ka nosi mme gantsi go ne le thubakanyo, dikhuduego tsa sepolotiki, tlhakatlhakano e kgolo le go ditsuologo tse di rulagantsweng. Ditiragalo tse di kgolo tsa go fedisiwa ga bokoloniale jwa Aforika di akareditse go tsuologa ga Mau Mau, Ntwa ya Algeria, Kgwetlho ya Congo, Ntwa ya Boipuso jwa Angola, Phetogo ya Zanzibar le ditiragalo tse di neng tsa isa kwa Ntweng ya Selegae ya Nigeria.[1][2][3][4][5]

Ditso

Tshedimosetso Go Ya Pele: Go Kgaratlhela Aforika

Ntwa ya go lwela Aforika magareng ga 1870 le 1914 e ne e le nako e e botlhokwa ya puso ya Ma-Yuropa mo Aforika e e neng ya khutla ka Aforika otlhe, le ditsa tholego tsa yone, mo e neng e tsewa jaaka dikolone ke mebuso ya Yuropa, e e neng e bata go bona lefatshe le le ntsi ka fa go kgonegang ka teng fa e ntse e tila dikgotlhang magareng ga yone. Kgaoganyo ya Aforika e ne ya tlhomamisiwa kwa Khonferenseng ya Berlin ya 1885, kwa ntle ga go tsaya tsia ditheo tsa sepolotiki le tsa loago tse di leng teng.[6][7]

Mo e ka nnang dinaga tsotlhe tsa pele ga bokoloniale tsa Aforika di ne tsa latlhegelwa ke bolaodi jwa tsone. Go ne go sa akaretse Liberia fela, e e neng e nnile le baagi ba le mmalwa mo tshimologong ya ngwaga kgolo wa bo 19 mme ya amogelwa jaaka naga e e ikemetseng ke United States ka 1862[8]mme e ne e lejwa ke mebuso ya Yuropa jaaka e le mo karolong ya tlhotlheletso ya United States, le Ethiopia e e neng ya bona boipuso jwa yone kwa Ntweng ya Adwa[9]mme e ne ya thopiwa ke Italy ka 1936.[10]Boritane le Fora di ne di na le dinaga tse dintse, mme Jeremane, Spain, Italy, Belgium le Portugal le tsone di ne di na le dikolone.[11]

Ka 1977, dinaga tse masome a matlhano tsa Aforika di ne tsa bona boipuso go tswa mo mebusong ya bokoloniale jwa Yuropa.[12]

Mabaka A Tholegang Kwa Ntle

Mo tshimologong ya lekgolo la bo 20 jwa dingwaga, bosetshaba bo ne jwa anama mo lefatsheng lotlhe. Morago ga Ntwa ya Lefatshe I, Mmusomogolo wa Jeremane, wa Austria-Hungary le wa Ottoman e ne ya simolola go dirisa melaometheo e e neng ya buelelwa ke Woodrow Wilson mo go Fourteen Points. Le fa bontsi jwa batlhalefi ba ba neng ba le kgatlhanong le bokoloniale ba ne ba bona bokgoni jwa Bo-Wilsonian jwa go tsweletsa maikaelelo a bone, Wilson o ne a sena maikaelelo a go dirisa molaomotheo wa go itlhopela kwa ntle ga dinaga tsa Dinaga Tse Di Maatla Tsa Bogare tse di neng di fentswe. Baeteledipele ba Baegepeto le ba Tunisia ba ne ba bata gore naga ya bone e ikemele ka nosi, mme seo se ne se tla tsenya dikgatlhego tsa Balekane ba ba neng ba fentse mo ntweng, mme ba ne ba seka ba di amogela. Le meroro megopolo ya ga Wilson e ne ya seka ya nna e ntse e le teng fa thulaganyo ya fa gare ga dintwa tse pedi tsa lefatshe e ne e phutlhama, molaomotheo wa thulaganyo ya boditshabatshaba e e theilweng mo go itlhopheleng se batho ba se batlang o ne wa nna o ntse o le botlhokwa.

Morago ga 1919, baeteledipele ba ba neng ba le kgatlhanong le bokoloniale ba ne ba simolola go sekamela thata mo boditshabatshabeng jwa badiri ba Soviet Union.[13]

Baafrika ba le bantsi ba ne ba lwa mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe I le mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe II. Mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe I, badiri ba Baafrika ba ne ba le botlhokwa thata kwa Botlhaba, mme ebile masole a Baafrika a ne a lwa kwa Sinai le kwa Palesetina. Baafrika ba le bantsi ba ne ba sa letlelelwe go tshola dibetsa kana go direla mo sesoleng jaaka basweu. Go nwela ga sekepe sa SS Mendi ka 1917 e ne e le tiragalo e e utlwisa botlhoko mo Baafrika mo ntweng, ka gore 607 ya badiri ba le 646 ba ba bolailweng e ne e le bantsho ba Aforika Borwa. [14] Mo Ntweng ya Bobedi ya Lefatshe, Maaforika a ne a lwa mo mafelong a ntwa ya Yuropa le Asia.[15]

Mo e ka nnang batho ba le sedikadike go tswa kwa borwa jwa Sahara ba ne ba direla mo masoleng a Yuropa ka tsela nngwe. Bontsi jwa Maaforika ba ne ba ba patelediwa go tsenelela tirelo ya sesole ke dipuso tsa bokoloniale, mme bangwe ba ikwadisitse ka boithaopo go bata ditshono tse di botoka go na le tse ba neng ba ka di bona mo tirong ya selegae. [16] Se se ne sa dira gore go nne le temogo e e tseneletseng ya sepolotiki le tebelelo ya tlotlo e kgolwane le boikemisetso, e e neng ya se ka ya diragadiwa. [17] Ka ntlha ya gore bafenyi ba ba neng ba le maatla ba ne ba sena maikaelelo a go tlogela dikolone tswa bone kwa bokhutlong jwa ntwa, mme go na le mo ba ne ba tla tlhoka go ikaega ka didirisiwa le badiri ba dikolone tsa bone tsa Aforika ka nako ya go aga sesha kwa Yuropa morago ga ntwa, bafenyi ba dikolone ba ne ba nyenyafatsa seabe sa Maaforika mo phenyong ya bafenyi.[16]

Ka kgwedi ya Tlhakole e thola malatsi a le masome le bobedi, ngwaga wa 1941, Tautona wa United States e bong Franklin D. Roosevelt le Tonakgole wa Boritane e bong Winston Churchill ba ne ba kopana go tlotla ka lefatshe morago ga Ntwa ya Lefatshe II. Dipoelo e ne ya nna Atlantic Charter.[18] E ne e se tumelano mme ebile e ne ya seka ya romelwa kwa Palamenteng ya Boritane kgotsa kwa Senate wa United States gore e tlhomamisiwe, mme e ne ya itshupa e le mokwalo o o neng wa amogelwa ke batho ba le bantsi.[19] Karolo ya Boraro e ne e bua ka tshwanelo ya go swetsa gore batho ba batla mofuta ofe wa puso, le go buseduiwa ga puso ya batho ka bobone.

Tonakgolo Churchill o ne a ganetsa mo Palamenteng ya Boritane a re lekwalo le o le ne le bua ka "Dinaga le ditshaba tsa Yuropa tse yaanong di leng ka fa tlase ga jokwe ya Banasi".[20] Tautona Roosevelt o ne a e tsaya e le e e ka dirisiwang mo lefatsheng lotlhe.[21] Boradipolotiki ba ba kgatlhanong le bokoloniale ba ne ba e bona ka bofefo e le maleba le mebuso ya bokoloniale.[22]

Ka 1948, dingwaga di le tharo morago ga bokhutlo jwa Ntwa ya Lefatshe II, Universal Declaration of Human Rights e ne ya lemoga gore batho botlhe ba tshotswe ba gololesegile ebile ba lekalekana.[23]

Morago ga Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Lefatshe, dikolone tsa Amerika le tsa Aforika di ne tsa gatelela Boritane go ikobela ka ditumalano tsa Atlantic Charter. Morago ga ntwa, bangwe ba Boritane ba ne ba tsaya dikolone tsa Aforika e le tsa bongwana le go sa gola. Bakoloniale ba Boritane ba ne ba tsenya puso ya temokerasi kwa maemong a selegae mo dikoloneng. Boritane e ne ya patelesega go dumela mme Churchill o ne a gana gore go itlhophele ga merafe e e laolwang go dirwe mo lefatsheng lotlhe.

Italy, mmuso wa bokoloniale, o ne wa latlhegelwa ke mmuso wa one wa Aforika, Aforika Botlhaba jwa Italy, Italy Ethiopia, Italy Eritrea, Italy Somalia le Italy Libya, ka ntlha ya Ntwa ya Lefatshe II.[24] Mo godimo ga moo, dikolone jaaka Nigeria, Senegal le Ghana di ne tsa rotloetsa go ipusa ka go nne maatla a bokoloniale a ne a feditswe ke ntwa.[25]

United Nations 1960 Declaration on the Granting of Independence to Colonial Countries and Peoples e ne ya bolela gore go dirisa dikolone go ne go le kgatlhanong le ditshwanelo tsa botho, le gore maatla a ne a tshwanela go busediwa kwa dinageng kgotsa kwa dikgaolong tse di amegang. [26]

Mabaka A Tholegang Magareng

Tshebediso ya ikonomi ya bokolone e ne e akaretsa go ntsha ga metlhodi, jaaka meepo, dipoelo go beng ba dikabelo ba Yuropa ka ditshenyegelo tsa ntshetsopele ya ka gare, e bakang dingongorego tse di kgolo tsa moruo wa legae.[27] Go bomorafe ba peleba Aforika, go fedisa bokoloniale e ne e le selo se se botlhokwa mo maitsholong se mokgatlho wa sepolotiki o neng o ka kokoanela. [28][29]

Mo dingwageng tsa bo 1930, mebuso ya bokoloniale e ne ya godisa, ka dinako tse dingwe e sa lemoge,setlhopha se se nnye sa baeteledipele ba selegae ba Maaforika ba ba neng ba rutilwe kwa bo mmadikolo ba Bophirima, kwa ba neng ba tlwaelana le megopolo e jaaka go itlhopela. Le fa boipuso bo ne bo sa kgotlhatswe, go ne ga dirwa dithulaganyo magareng ga baeteledipele ba le mebuso ya bokoloniale, [11] mme batho ba jaaka Jomo Kenyatta (Kenya), Kwame Nkrumah (Gold Coast jaanong Ghana), Julius Nyerere (Tanganyika jaanong Tanzania), Leopold Sedar Senghor (Senegal), Nnamdi Azikiwe (Nigeria), Patrice Lumumba (DRC), Antonio Agostinho Neto (Portuguese West Africa) jaanong Angola le Felix Houphouet-Boigny (Cote d' Ivoire) ba ne ba ta go etela pele dintwa tsa bosetshaba jwa Aforika.

Ka nako ya Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Lefatshe, madirelo mangwe a selegae le ditoropo tsa Aforika, di ne tsa atologa fa dikepe tsa U-boats tse di neng di paterola lewatle la Atlantic di ne di kgoreletsa go romelwa ga dilwana tse di tala kwa Yuropa.[12]

Fa nako e ntse e tsamaya, metse ya ditoropo, madirelo le mekgatlho ya badiri e ne ya gola, e tokafatsa go itse go bala le go kwala ga mmogo le thuto, mme seno sa felela ka gore go tlhomiwe makwalodikgang a a buelelang boipuso.[12]

Ka 1945, Khonkerese ya Botlhano ya Pan African e ne ya batla gore bokoloniale bo fedisiwe, mme baemedi ba ne ba akaretsa bo tautona ba nako e e tlang ba Ghana, Kenya, Malawi le ba bangwe ba neng ba lwela bosetshaba.[30]

Go Fetogela Mo Go Nneng Le Boipuso

Tshedimosetso go ya pele: Neocolonialism

Morago ga Ntwa ya Lefatshe II, go ne ga nna le go fedisiwa ga bokoloniale ka bofefo mo kontinenteng ya Aforika fa dinaga di le dintse di ne di bona boipuso jwa tsone go tswa mo bokoloniale jwa Yuropa.

Ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 1941, tautona wa United States e bong Franklin D. Roosevelt le Tonakgolo ya Boritane e bong Winston Churchill ba ne kopana go tlotla ka maikaelelo a bone a morago ga ntwa. Mo bokopanong jo, ba ne ba dumelana le Atlantic Charter, e e neng e tlhalosa gore ba tla "tlotla tshwanelo ya batho botlhe go ithophela puso e ba batlang go tshela ka fa tlase ga yone; mme ba eletsa go bona ditshwanelo tsa bolaodi le go ipusa di busediwa kwa go ba neng di ba amogilwe ka dikgoka". [31] Tumelano e e ne ya nna motheo wa go bona boipuso morago ga Ntwa ya Lefatshe II fa bosetshaba bo ntse bo gola go ralala Aforika.

Ka ntlha ya dikoloto tsa morago ga ntwa, mebuso ya kwa Yuropa e ne e sa thole e kgona go laola dikolone tsa bone tsa Aforika. Se se ne sa letla boratanaga ba Aforika go buisana ka go fedisa bokoloniale ka bofefo le ka dintsho tse di kwa tlase. Le fa go ntse jalo, mafelo mangwe a ne a bona palo e kgolo ya dintsho ka ntlha ya go lwela boipuso jwa bone.

Mokwaladitso James Meriweather o bolela gore pholisi ya Amerika malebane le Aforika e ne e na le mokgwa wa tsela e e fa gare, o o neng o tshegetsa boiupuso jwa Aforika mme gape o ne o tlhomamisetsa mebuso ya bokoloniale ya Yuropa gore dithoto tsa bone di ta nna di ntse di le teng. Washington e ne e batla ditlhopha tse di tshwanetseng tsa Baafrika go etela pele dinaga tse di sha tse di ekemetseng ka nosi, ka mafoko a mangwe e se tsa bokomonisi ebile e se tsa temokerasi. Meriweather o bolela gore mekgatlho e e seng ya puso e ile ya tlhotlheletsa tsela e Amerika e lebang Aforika ka yone. Ba ne ba pateletsa dipuso tsa borofense le ditheo tsa poraefete gore di togele go tsenya madi mo dinageng tsa Aforika tse di sa busiweng ke bontsi jwa batho. Maiteko a a ne a thusa go fetola pholisi ya Amerika go ya go Aforika Borwa, jaaka go bonwe ka go fetisiwa ga Molao wa Comprehensive Anti-Apartheid wa 1986. [32]

Dinaga Tsa Aforika Tse Di Boneng Boneng Boipuso

Lefatshe	Leina La Bokoloniale	Maatla a Bokoloniale	Letsatsi la Boipuso	Tautona wa Ntlha	Boipuso bo Fitlheletswe ka Eng
Sahrawi Arab Democratic Republic	Spanish Sahara Southern Provinces Western Tiris	Spain Morocco Mauritania	Kgwedi ya Tlhakole e le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 1976 boipuso ga bo ise bo fitlhelelwe	El-Ouali Mustapha Sayed Mohamed Abdelaziz	Ntwa ya Bophirima jwa Sahara Kgotlhang ya Bophirima jwa Sahara
United Kingdom wa Libya	British Military Administration Fezzan-Ghadames Military Territory Emirate of Cyrenaica	United Kingdom France Emirate wa Cyrenaica	Kgwedi ya Sedimontlhole e le masome mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 1951	Idris	Letsholo la Western Desert
Namibia	South West Africa	Aforika Borwa	Kgwedi ya Phalane e le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga 1966 (de jure) Kgwedi ya Mopitlo e le masome a mabedi le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 1990	Sam Nujoma	Tshwetso ya 269 ya Lekgotla la Tshireletso la U.N Ntwa ya Molelwane wa Aforika Borwa
Libya	Italian Libya	Italy United Kingdom	Sedimontlhole a le masome mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 1951	Idris	Tumelano ya Kagiso le Italy ka 1947 Tshwetso ya Bokopano jwa Kakaretso ya U.N 289 [34]
Aforika Borwa	Cape Colony Colony of Natal Orange River Colony Transvaal Colony	United Kingdom	Kgwedi ya Motsheganong a le masome mararo le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 1910	Louis Botha	Molao wa Aforika Borwa wa 1909 o ne wa tswelela go laolwa ke bonnye jwa Basweu go fitlha ka 1994.
Rwanda	German East Africa Ruanda-Urundi	German Empire Belgium	Kgwedi ya Phukwi a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1919 Kgwedi ya Phukwi a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1962	Yuhi V Musinga Grégoire Kayibanda	Phetogelo ya Rwanda
Rhodesia Zimbabwe	Southern Rhodesia	United Kingdom	Kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele a le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 1965 (Fa e ne e bidiwa Rhodesia)	Ian Smith	Rhodesia's Unilateral Declaration of Independence
Mozambique	Portuguese Mozambique	Portugal	Kgwedi ya Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 1975	Samora Machel	Ntwa ya Boipuso ya Mozambique
Morocco	French Morocco Tangier International Zone Spanish Morocco Spanish West Africa Ifni	France Spain	Mopitlwe a thola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 1956 Moranang a thola malatsi a le supa ka ngwaga wa 1956 Moranang a thola malatsi a le masome ka ngwaga wa 1958 Ferikgong a thola malatsi a le mane ka ngwaga wa 1969 Ngwanatsele a le masome le bone ka ngwaga wa 1975 27 Tlhakole a le masome a supa ka ngwaga wa 1976	Mohammed V	Ntwa ya Ifni
Guinea-Bissau	Portuguese Guinea	Portugal	Lwetse a le masome a mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 1973 Lwetse a le masome ka ngwaga wa 1974 (E lemogilwe) Phukwi a thola malatsi a le matlhano ka ngwaga wa 1975	Luís Cabral João Bernardo Vieira Aristides Pereira Pedro Pires	Ntwa ya Boipuso ya Guinea Bissau
Cape Verde	Portuguese Cape Verde	Portugal	Phukwi a thola malatsi a le matlhano ka ngwaga wa 1975	Aristides Pereira	Ntwa ya Boipuso ya Guinea Bissau
Eritrea	Italian Eritrea Eritrea Province	Italian Empire Ethiopian Empire	Lwetsi a le masome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 1952 (Go amana le Ethiopia) [39] Motsheganong a thola malatsi a le masome mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 1993 (boipuso)	Isaias Afwerki	Ntwa ya Boipuso ya Eritrea
Egepeto	Sultanate wa Egepeto	United Kingdom	Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le boroba bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1922	Fuad I	Phetogelo ya Egepeto ya 1919
Democratic Republic of the Congo	Belgian Congo	Belgium	Seetebosigo a le masome mararo ka ngwaga wa 1960	Joseph Kasa-Vubu	Belgo-Congolese Round Table Conference
Angola	Portuguese Angola	Portugal	Ngwanatsele a le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 1975	Agostinho Neto	Ntwa ya Boipuso ya Angola
Algeria	French Algeria	France	Phukwi a thola malatsi a le tlhano ka ngwaga wa 1962	Ahmed Ben Bella	Ntwa ya Algeria Ditumelano tsa Evian
Djibouti	French Territory of the Afars and the Issas	France	Lwetse a le masome a mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 1977	Hassan Gouled Aptidon	1977 Afars and Issas independence referendum
Comoros	French Comoros	France	Phukwi a thola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 1975	Ahmed Abdallah	1974 Comorian independence referendum
Guinea	French West Africa	France	Phalane a thola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 1958	Ahmed Sékou Touré	1958 Guinean constitutional referendum
Ghana	Gold Coast	United Kingdom	Mopitlo a thola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 1957	Kwame Nkrumah	1956 Gold Coast general election
Sudan	Anglo-Egyptian Sudan	United Kingdom Egypt	Ferikgong a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1956	Ismail al-Azhari	–
Tunisia	French Tunisia	France United Kingdom	Mopitlo a le masome mabedi ka ngwaga wa 1956	Muhammad VIII al-Amin Habib Bourguiba	–
Cameroon	Kamerun French Cameroon British Cameroon	German Empire France United Kingdom	Mopitlo a thola malatsi a le mane ka ngwaga wa 1916 Ferikgong a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1960 Phalane a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1961	Karl Ebermaier Ahmadou Ahidjo John Ngu Foncha	–
Togo	French Togoland Togoland	France	Moranang a thola malatsi a le masome mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 1960	Sylvanus Olympio	–
Mali	French West Africa	France	Seetebosigo a thola malatsi a le masome mabedi ka ngwaga wa 1960	Modibo Keïta	–
Senegal	French West Africa	France	Seetebosigo a thola malatsi a le masome mabedi ka ngwaga wa 1960	Léopold Sédar Senghor	–
Madagascar	French Madagascar	France	Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa 1960	Philibert Tsiranana	–
Somalia	British Somaliland Trust Territory of Somaliland	United Kingdom Italy	Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa 1960 Phukwi a thola letsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1960	Muhammad Haji Ibrahim Egal Aden Adde	–
Benin	French West Africa	France	Phatwe a thola letsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1960	Hubert Maga	–
Niger	French West Africa	France	Phatwe a thola letsatsi la boraro ka ngwaga wa 1960	Hamani Diori	–
Burkina Faso	French West Africa	France	Phatwe a thola letsatsi la botlhano ka ngwaga wa 1960	Maurice Yaméogo	–
Ivory Coast	French West Africa	France	Phatwe a thola letsatsi la bosupa ka ngwaga wa 1960	Félix Houphouët-Boigny	–
Chad	French Equatorial Africa	France	Phatwe a le lesome le bongwe go fitlha lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1960	François Tombalbaye	–
Central African Republic	French Equatorial Africa	France	Phatwe a le lesome le boraro ka ngwaga wa 1960	David Dacko	–
Republic of the Congo	French Equatorial Africa	France	Phatwe a le lesome le bone go fitlha a le lesome le botlhano ka ngwaga wa 1960	Fulbert Youlou	–
Gabon	French Equatorial Africa	France	Phatwe a le lesome le borataro go fitlha a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 1960	Léon M'ba	–
Nigeria	Colonial Nigeria British Cameroon	United Kingdom	Phalane a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1960 Seetebosigo a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga 1961 Phalane a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1960	Nnamdi Azikiwe	–
Mauritania	French West Africa	France	Ngwanetsele a le masome a mabedi le boroba bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1958 Ngwanetsele a le masome a mabedi le boroba bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1960	Moktar Ould Daddah	–
Sierra Leone	Sierra Leone Colony and Protectorate	United Kingdom	Moranang a le malatsi a masome bobedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 1961	Milton Margai	–
Tanganyika	Tanganyika Territory	United Kingdom	Sedimontlhole a thola malatsi a le borobabongwe ka ngwaga wa 1961	Julius Nyerere	–
Burundi	German East Africa Ruanda-Urundi	German Empire Belgium	Phukwi a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1919 Phukwi a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1962	Mwambutsa IV of Burundi	–
Uganda	Protectorate of Uganda	United Kingdom	Phalane a thola malatsi a le bofera bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1962	Milton Obote	–
Kenya	British East Africa	United Kingdom	Sedimontlhole a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1963	Jomo Kenyatta	–
Sultanate of Zanzibar	Sultanate of Zanzibar	United Kingdom	Sedimontlhole a le lesome ka ngwaga wa 1963	Jamshid bin Abdullah	–
Malawi	Nyasaland	United Kingdom	Phukwi a thola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 1964	Hastings Banda	–
Zambia	Northern Rhodesia	United Kingdom	Phalane a le masome mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 1964	Kenneth Kaunda	–
The Gambia	Gambia Colony and Protectorate	United Kingdom	18 Tlhakole a le lesome le bofera bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1965	Dawda Jawara	–
Botswana	Bechuanaland Protectorate	United Kingdom	Lwetse a le masome mararo go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1960 go fitlha ka ngwaga wa 1966	Seretse Khama	–
Lesotho	Basutoland	United Kingdom	Phalane a thola letsatsi la bone ka ngwaga wa 1966	Leabua Jonathan	–
Mauritius	Mauritius	United Kingdom	Mopitlo a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1968	Seewoosagur Ramgoolam	–
Eswatini	Swaziland	United Kingdom	Lwetse a thola letsatsi la borataro ka ngwaga wa 1968	Sobhuza II	–
Equatorial Guinea	Kamerun French Cameroon French Equatorial Africa British Cameroon Spanish Guinea	German Empire France United Kingdom Spain	Mopitlo a le mane ka ngwaga wa 1916 Ferikgong a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1960 Phatwe a le lesome le borataro go fitlha lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 1960 Phalane a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1961 Phalane a le matsatsi a lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1968	Karl Ebermaier Ahmadou Ahidjo Léon M'ba John Ngu Foncha Francisco Macías Nguema	–
São Tomé and Príncipe	Portuguese São Tomé and Príncipe	Portugal	Phukwi a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1975	Manuel Pinto da Costa	–
Seychelles	Crown Colony of the Seychelles	United Kingdom	Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bofera bongwe ka ngwaga wa 1976	James Mancham	–
Emirate of Cyrenaica	British Military Administration	United Kingdom	Mopitlo a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1949	Idris
Republic of Dahomey	Republic of Dahomey Fort of São João Baptista de Ajudá	France Portugal	Phatwe a thola tsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1960 Phukwi a le masome a mararo le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 1961 [36]	Hubert Maga

Mmusomogolo wa Boritane

Ghana

Pego Ya Konokono: Ditso tsa Ghana

Ka kgwedi ya Mopitlo e thola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 1957, Ghana (e e kileng ya bo e le Gold Coast) e ne ya nna naga ya ntlha ya Sub Saharan Aforika go bona boipuso go tswa mo bokoloniale jwa Yuropa.[40] Go simolola ka ngwaga wa 1945 kokoano ya Pan African, moeteledipele wa boipuso jwa Gold Coast (Ghana ya segompieno) e bong Kwame Nkrumah o ne a tlhalosa sentle se a neng a se batla. O ne a kwala yaana ka mafoko a neng a buiwa kwa bokopanong jo, "Re dumela gore batho ba na le tshwanelo ya go ipusa. Re gatelela gore batho botlhe ba ba nnang mo dikoloneng ba na le tshwanelo ya go laola se se ba diragalelang. Dikolone tsotlhe di tshwanetse go gololesega mo taolong ya dinaga di sele ya bo imperialisti, e ka tswa e le ya sepolotiki kana ya moruo.[41]

Ka 1948, mapodise a kolone a ne a bolaya bagaka ba le bararo ba kwa Ghana ba ba neng ba le mo mongwantong wa go boipelaetso. Go ne ga tsoga dikhuduego kwa Accra mme le fa Nkrumah le baeteledipele ba bangwe ba Ghana ba ne ba tsenngwa mo kgolegelong ka nakwana, tiragalo e e ne ya nna setlhotlheletsa sa mokgatlho wa boipuso. Morago ga go gololwa mo kgolegelong, Nkrumah o ne a tlhoma Convention People's Party (CPP), e e neng ya simolola letsholo le legolo go tshegetsa boipuso ka moano wa "Go Ipusa Jaanong!"[42] Bosetshaba jo bo kwa godimo mo nageng bo ne jwa godisa maatla a bone mme lekoko la sepolotiki le ne la atologa thata.

Ka Tlhakole 1951, CPP e ne ya bona maatla a sepolotiki ka go fenya ditilo di le masome a mararo le bone mo go tse masome a mararo le boroba bobedi tse di tlhophilweng, go akaretsa le e le nngwe ya ga Nkrumah yo o neng a le kwa kgolegelong ka nako e o. Puso ya Boritane e ne ya fetola Molaomotheo wa Gold Coast go neela batho ba Ghana bontsi mo kgotlapeomolao ka 1951. Ka 1956, Ghana e ne ya kopa boipuso mo teng ga Commonwealth, e e neng ya fiwa ka kagiso ka 1957 ka Nkrumah jaaka tonakgolo le Kgosigadi Elizabeth II jaaka mmusi. [43]

Diphefo Tsa Phetogo

Tonakgolo Harold Macmillan o ne a neela puo e e itsegeng ya "Diphefo tsa Phetogo" kwa Aforika Borwa, ka Tlhakole 1960, kwa a neng a bua le Palamente ya naga eo ka "phefo ya phetogo e e fokang mo kontinenteng eno." [44] Macmillan o ne a batla go tila ntwa ya bokoloniale e e tshwanang le e e neng e lowa ke Fora kwa Algeria. Kwa tase ga taolo ya gagwe, go fedisiwa ga bokoloniale go ne ga tswelela ka bonako. [45]

Dikolone tsa Boritane tse di setseng mo Aforika, kwa ntle ga Rhodesia Borwa, di ne tsa neelwa boipuso tsotlhe ka bo 1968. Go tswa ga Boritane mo dikarolong tsa borwa le tsa botlhaba jwa Aforika e ne e se thulaganyo e neng e na le kagiso. Pele ga boipuso jwa Kenya go ne ga nna le Kgaratlho ya Mau Mau e e neng ya tsaya dingwaga di le boroba bobedi. Kwa Rhodesia, 1965 Unilateral Declaration of Independence ka palo tlase ya basweu e ne ya felela ka ntwa ya selegae e e tsereng sebaka go fitlha ka Lancastar House Agreement ya 1979, e e neng ya baya maemo a boipuso jo bo lemogilweng ka 1980, jaaka setshaba se sesha sa Zimbabwe. [46]

Boritane e ne ya tsaya kgato ya go busetsa naga ya yone ya bohelo e e neng e le ya Boritane kwa Aforika ka go saena tumelano ya semmuso ka 2025 e e neng e neela Mauritius taolo ya Ditlhaketlhake tsa Chagos. Go ya ka tumelano eo, setlhaketlhake sa Diego Garcia le karolo ya sone e boleele jwa dikilometara di le masome le boroba bobedi di busediwa ka bofefo kwa Mauritius. Tumelano e e letlelela tiragatso e e tsweletsweng ya bothibelelo jo bo kopaneng jwa Anglo-American kwa Diego Garcia. [47]

Belgium

Belgium e ne e laola dikgaolo di le mmalwa le ditshiamelo ka nako ya bokoloniale, segolo bogolo Belgian Congo (e jaanong e leng DRC) go simolola ka 1908 go fitlha ka 1960 le Ruanda-Urundi (e jaanong e leng Rwanda le Burundi) go simologa ka 1922 go fitlha ka 1962. Gape e ne e na le konteraka e nnye kwa China (1902-1931) mme e ne e le motsamaisa-mmogo wa Tangier International Zone kwa Morocco.

Mo e ka nnang masome a le borobabongwe le borobabobedi mo lekgolong a naga ya Belgium e e kwa moseja ga mawatle e ne e le kolone e le nngwe fela, e e neng e feta Belgium ka makgetlo a masome a supa le borataro ka bogolo, e e neng e itsege e le Belgian Congo. Kolone e e ne ya tlhomiwa ka 1908 morago ga go fetisiwa ga bolaodi go tswa kwa Congo Free State, e e neng e le dithoto tsa motho ka nosi tsa kgosi ya Belgium, Leopold II. Tirisodikgoka e e neng e dirisiwa ke badiredibagolo ba Free State kgatlhanong le Ba-Congo ba ba tlholegileng koo le tsamaiso e e setlhogo ya go gapa madi e ne ya dira gore go nne le kgatelelo e kgolo ya sedipolomate mo Belgium gore e laole naga eo semolao. Puso ya Belgium e ne e theilwe mo "tharonngwe ya bokoloniale" (trinite coloniale) ya dikgatlhego tsa puso, tsa borongwa le tsa di kompone tsa poraefete. Ka dingwaga tsa bo 1940 le bo 1950, kwa Congo go ne ga nna le ditoropo tse di ntse ga mmogo le puso e e neng e ikaeletse go e dira "kolone ya sekao." Ka ntlha ya mokgatlho o o neng o aname thata o o neng o lwela boipuso, Congo e ne ya bona boipuso, e le Repaboliki ya Congo-Leopoldville ka 1960.

Mo dikoloneng tse dingwe tsa Belgium, se se neng se le botlhokwa thata e ne e le Ruanda-Urundi, e leng karolo ya Aforika Botlhaba ya Jeremane, e e neng ya newa Belgium jaaka Taolo ya Lekgotla la Ditshaba, fa Jeremane e ne e latlhegelwa ke dikolone tsotlhe tsa yone kwa bokhutlong jwa Ntwa ya Lefatshe I. Morago ga Phetogo ya kwa Rwanda, puso e ne ya nna ya dinaga tse di ikemetseng tsa Burundi le Rwanda ka 1962. [48]

Mmusogolo wa Bokoloniale Wa Fora

Mmusomogolo wa bokoloniale wa Fora o ne wa simolola go wela tlase ka nako ya Ntwa ya Lefatshe II fa puso ya Vichy France e ne e laola Mmusomogolo. Bontsi jwa dikolone tse di ne tsa gapiwa ke mebuso ya dinaga di sele ka bongwe ka bongwe, Japane e ne ya gapiwa ke Indochina, Boritane e ne ya gapiwa ke Siria, Lebanona le Madagascar, United States le Boritane di ne tsa gapiwa ke Morocco le Algeria, mme Jeremane le Itali di ne tsa gapiwa ke Tunisia. Charles de Gaulle o ne a busetsa taolo ka iketlo, yo o neng a dirisa mafelo a bokoloniale jaaka lefelo la go thusa go leleka puso ya Vichy go tswa kwa Fora. De Gaulle, ga mmogo le bontsi jwa Bafora, o ne a ikemiseditse go boloka Mmusomogolo ka mokgwa o montsha o e neng e ntse ka yone. Kgolagano ya Fora, e e neng e akareditswe mo Molaomotheong wa 1946, e ne ya emisetsa puso ya pele ya bokoloniale, mme badiredibagolo ba kwa Paris ba ne ba nna ba ntse ba laola ka botlalo. Dikolone di ne tsa fiwa dikopano tsa selegae tse di neng di na le maatla a lekanyeditsweng a selegae le ditekanyetso. Setlhopha sa batho ba maemo a kwa godimo, ba ba neng ba itsege jaaka evolues, ba neng ba tlholega mo dinageng tsa kwa moseja mme ba ne ba nna kwa Fora wa ditoropokgolo ba ne ba tlhagelela. [50][51][52]

De Gaulle o ne a rulaganya bokopano jo bogolo jwa dikolone tsa Free France kwa Brazzaville, kwa bogare jwa Aforika, ka Ferikgong-Tlhakole 1944. Tshetso ya Fora e ne e ikaelegile ka kemo nokeng ya dikolone tseno ebile De Gaulle o ne a ineela mo dilong tse dintse. Tseno di ne di akaretsa go fedisiwa ga go patelediwa go dira tiro, go fedisiwa ga dithibelo tse di kgethegileng tsa semolao tse di neng di ama batho ba ba tlholegileng koo mme di sa ame batho basweu, go tlhomiwa ga dikopano tse di tlhophilweng tsa kgaolo, go nna le baemedi kwa Paris mo "Lekgotla la Fora" le lesha, mme kgabagare go nna le baemedi ba Baaforika ba ba kwa Borwa jwa Sahara mo Bokokoanong jwa Fora. Le fa go ntse jalo, Boipuso bo ne jwa kgalwa ka thamalalo jaaka sengwe se se ka nnang teng mo isagong:

Maikaelelo a tiro ya go tlhabolola e e dirilweng ke Fora mo dikoloneng e ne e sa akaretse kgopolo epe ya boipuso, kgonagalo yotlhe ya go iphetogela ga dilo kwa ntle ga lekgotla la Fora la Mmusomogolo, Molaomotheo wa bofelo, tota le mo isagong ya go ipusa mo dikoloneng ya ganwa.[53]

Dikgotlhang

Fa Ntwa ya Lefatshe II e sena go tla bokhutlong, Fora e ne ya lebana ka bofefo le tshimologo ya mokgatlo wa go fedisa bokoloniale.Kwa Algeria go ne ga nna le ditshupetso ka motsheganong 1945 mme gone ga bolawa batho ba ba ka nna dikete di le masome a mabedi go fitlha dikete di le masome a mane le botlhano ba Algeria.[54] Dikhuduego kwa Haiphong, Indochina ka Ngwanatsele 1945 di ne tsa kopana le sekepe sa ntwa se se neng sa tlhasela toropo.[55] Kabinete ya ga Paul Ramadier (SFIO) e ne ya gatelela Kgaratlho ya kwa Madagascar ka 1947. Badiribatona ba kwa Fora ba fopholetsa gore palo ya batho ba kwa Madagascar e ne e le kwa tlase jaaka dikete tse masome le bongwe mme ba sesole sa Fora ba fopholetsa gore e ne dikete tse masome a borobabobedi le borobabongwe.[56]

Kwa Cameroon, Union of the Peoples of Cameroon's insurrection e e simolotseng ka 1955 e eteletswe pele ke Ruben Um Nyombé, e ne ya gatelelwa ka dikgoka mo dingwageng tse pedi, mme gongwe batho ba le dikete di le lekgolo ba ne ba bolawa.[57]

Algeria

Pego Ya Konokono: Ntwa ya Algeria

Go nna le seabe ga Fora kwa Algeria go simologile mo dingwageng tse di lekgolo tse di fetileng. Ditlhopha tsa ga Ferhat Abbas le Messali Hadj di ne tsa supa paka e e fa gare ga dintwa tse pedi, mme matlhakore oomabedi a ne a tsenelela thata morago ga Ntwa ya Bobedi ya Lefatshe. Ka 1945, masole a Fora a ne a bolaya batho ba le bantsi kwa Sétif. Ntwa ya Algeria e ne ya simologa ka 1954. Ditlhaselo di ne di tlwaelegile mo matlhakoreng oomabedi, mme palo ya batho ba ba bolailweng e ne ya nna dikakanyo tse di neng di ganetswa thata tse di neng di diretswe maikaelelo a go anamisa dikgang.[58] Algeria e ne e le kgotlhang ya ditsela tse tharo ka ntlha ya palo e kgolo ya "pieds-noirs" (Ba-Yuropa ba ba neng ba nna koo mo dingwageng tse di lekgolo le masome a mabedi le botlhano tsa puso ya Fora). Mathata a sepolotiki kwa Fora a ne a baka go phutlhama ga Repaboliki ya Bonê, fa Charles de Gaulle a boela mo pusong ka 1958 mme kwa bofelong a ntsha masole le baagi ba tholegang kwa Fora go tswa mo Algeria ka 1962.[59][60] Go feta dingwaga di le borobabobedi, palo e e fopholediwang ya dintsho gantsi e wela fa gare ga batho ba le dikete di le makgolo a mararo le dikete di le makgolo a mane.[61] Ka 1962, National Liberation Front e ne ya kgona go buisana ka tumelano ya kagiso le de Gaulle, Tumelano ya Évian [62] e mo go yone Ba-Yuropa ba tla kgonang go boela dinageng tsa bone tsa tlholego, ba nne kwa Algeria jaaka batswakwa kgotsa ba tseye boagedi jwa Algeria. Bontsi jwa Ba-Yuropa ba le sedikadike ba ba neng ba le kwa Algeria ba ne ba tswa mo nageng eo. [63]

Setšhaba sa Fora

Pego ya Konokono: Setšhaba sa Fora

Ba-Fora ba ba neng ba sa batle go fetoga ba ne ba swabisitswe ke maitemogelo a bokoloniale morago ga masetlapelo a kwa Indochina le Algeria. Ba ne ba batla go kgaola dikamano tsotlhe tsa bone le dikolone tse di ntse tsa Fora tse di kwa Borwa jwa Sahara mo Aforika. Ka nako ya Ntwa, de Gaulle o ne a atlegile go tlhoma mokgatlho wa gagwe wa Free France le dikolone tsa Aforika. Morago ga ketelo ka 1958, o ne a dira maitlamo a go dira gore Sub-Saharan French Africa e nne karolo e kgolo ya pholisi ya gagwe ya boditšhabatšhaba.[64] Kopano ya Fora e ne ya emisiwa ka Molaomotheo o mosha wa 1958 ke Mokgatlho wa Fora. Guinea ke yone fela e e neng ya gana ka ditlhopho go nna le seabe mo mokgatlhong o mosha wa bokoloniale. Le fa go ntse jalo, Setšhaba sa Fora se ne sa phatlalala magareng ga Ntwa ya Algeria; mo e ka nnang dikolone tsotlhe tsa Aforika di ne tsa neelwa boipuso ka 1960, morago ga ditlhopho tsa selegae. Go na le moo, dikolone dingwe di ne tsa tlhopha go nna karolo ya Fora, e le mafatshe a kwa moseja wa mawatle. Batshwayadiphoso ba bokoloniale jo bosha ba ne ba bolela gore Françafrique e ne e emisitse puso e e tlhamaletseng ya semmuso. Ba ne ba bolela gore fa de Gaulle a ne a ba naya boipuso, ka fa letlhakoreng le lengwe, o ne a dira dikamano tse disha ka thuso ya ga Jacques Foccart, mogakolodi wa gagwe wa dikgang tsa Aforika. Foccart o ne a tshegetsa segolo thata ntwa ya selegae ya kwa Nigeria kwa bofelong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1960.[65]

Robert Aldrich a re fa Algeria e sena go bona boipuso ka 1962, go ne go lebega e kete Mmusomogolo o ne o fedile, ka go nne dikolone tse di setseng di ne di le dinnye e bile di sena mekgatlho ya bosetšhaba. Le fa go ntse jalo, go ne ga nna le mathata kwa French Somaliland (Djibouti), e e neng ya bona boipuso ka 1977. Gape go ne ga nna le mathata le go diega kwa Vanuatu wa New Hebrides, e e neng ya nna yone ya bofelo go bona boipuso ka 1980. New Caledonia e santse e le naga e e kgethegileng ka fa tlase ga taolo ya Fora.[66] Setlhaketlhake sa Mayotte se se mo Lewatleng la India se ne sa tlhopha mo puisanong ka 1974 go boloka kgolagano ya sone le Fora le go tlogela boipuso. [67]

Portugal

Dipego tsa Konokono: Mmusomogolo wa Bapotokisi le Ntwa ya Bokolone ya Bapotokisi

Go farologana le dinaga tse dingwe tsa Yuropa ka bo 1950 le bo 1960, puso ya Portugal ya Estado Novo e ne ya seka ya tlogela dikolone tsa yone tsa Aforika. Ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960, mekgatlho e e farologaneng e neng e eme ka dibetsa e lwela boipuso e ne ya simolola go nna le seabe mo Aforika e e neng e laolwa ke Portugal. Ntwa ya Bokoloniale ya Portugal, e e itseweng gape jaaka Ntwa ya Boipuso ya Angola, Guinea-Bissau le Mozambique, e ne e le ntwa ya dingwaga tse di lesome le boraro e e lolweng magareng ga sesole sa Portugal le mekgatlho ya bosetšhaba e e tlhagelelang mo dikoloneng tsa Portugal tsa Aforika magareng ga 1961 le 1974. Puso ya Portugal ka nako eo, ya Estado Novo, e ne ya menolwa ke puso ya sesole ka 1974, mme phetogo ya puso e ne ya fedisa ntwa. [68] Go tloga ka Motsheganonong 1974 go fitlha kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1970, baagi ba ba fetang dikete di le makgolo a masome ba Portugal go tswa kwa dikgaolong tsa Aforika tsa Portugal (bontsi go tswa kwa Portugal Angola le Mozambique) ba ne ba tlogela dikgaolo tseo jaaka batshabi-the retornados. [69][70]

United States

Kolone ya Liberia

Kolone ya Liberia, e e neng ya bidiwa Commonwealth of Liberia, e ne e le kolone ya poraefete ya American Colonization Society (ACS) e simolotseng ka 1822. E ne ya nna naga e e ikemetseng-Repaboliki ya Liberia-fa e sena go bolela gore e ikemetse ka nosi ka 1847.

Naga	Leina la Bokolone	Maatla a Bokolone	Letsatsi la Boipuso	Tlhogo ya Ntlha ya Naga	Boipuso bo Fentswe ka
Liberia	Liberia	United States (American Colonization Society)	Phukwi a le masome mabedi le borataro ka ngwaga wa 1847	Joseph Jenkins Roberts William Tubman	Liberian Declaration of Independence

Go Nna Le Taolo

Naga	Letsatsi la go Bona Taolo	Go Nna Le Taolo
Algeria	Phukwi a thola malatsi a le mararo ka ngwaga wa 1962	Go amogelwa ke Fora ga referendamo ya Algeria ya boipuso e e neng e tshwerwe malatsi a le mabedi pele ga foo
Angola	Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 1975	Boipuso go tswa kwa tlase ga taolo ya Portugal
Benin	Motsheganong a thola letsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1960	Boipuso go tswa kwa tlase ga taolo ya Fora
Botswana	Lwetse a le masome mararo ka ngwaga wa 1966	Boipuso go tswa kwa tlase ga taolo ya United Kingdom
Burkina Faso	Motsheganong a thola malatsi a le matlhano ka ngwaga wa 1960	Boipuso go tswa kwa tlase ga taolo ya Fora
Burundi	Phukwi a thola letsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1962	Boipuso go tswa kwa tlase ga taolo ya Belgium
Cabo Verde	Lwetse a le masome mabedi le bone ka ngwaga wa 1973 Lwetse a le masome ka ngwaga wa 1974 (e amogetswe) Phukwi a thola malatsi a matlhano ka ngwaga wa 1975	Boipuso go tswa kwa tlase ga taolo ya Portugal
Cameroon	Ferikgong a thola letsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1960	Boipuso go tswa kwa tlase ga taolo ya Fora
Central African Republic	Motsheganong a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 1960	Boipuso go tswa kwa tlase ga taolo ya Fora
Chad	Motsheganong a le lesome le bongwe ka ngwaga wa 1960	Boipuso go tswa kwa tlase ga taolo ya Fora
Comoros	Phukwi a thola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 1975	Boipuso go tswa kwa tlase ga taolo ya Fora e begilwe
Democratic Republic of the Congo	Seetebosigo a le masome a mararo ka ngwaga wa 1960	Boipuso go tswa kwa tlase ga taolo ya Belgium
Djibouti	Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 1977	Boipuso go tswa kwa tlase ga taolo ya Fora
Egypt	Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le boroba bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1922	Boritane e fedisa puso e e neng e sireletsa, e neela Egepeto boipuso
Equatorial Guinea	Phalane a le lesome le bobedi ka ngwaga wa 1968	Boipuso go tswa kwa tlase ga taolo ya Spain
Eritrea	Seetebosigo a thola letsatsi la ntlha ka ngwaga wa 1936 5 May 1941 19 May 1941 10 February 1947 19 February 1951 15 September 1952	Letsholo la kwa Abyssinia, go begiwa gore Ethiopia e ikemetse ka nosi
Eswatini	Lwetse a thola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 1968	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya United Kingdom ka leina la Swaziland
Ethiopia	900 BC	Bogosi jwa D'mt
Gabon	Motsheganong a le lesome le bosupa ka ngwaga wa 1960	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Fora
Gambia	Tlhakole a le lesome le bofera bobedi ka ngwaga 1965	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya United Kingdom
Ghana	Mopitlo a thola malatsi a le marataro ka ngwaga wa 1957	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya United Kingdom
Guinea	Phalane a thola malatsi a le mabedi ka ngwaga wa 1958	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Fora
Guinea-Bissau	24 September 1973 10 September 1974 (recognised) 5 July 1975	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Portugal e ne ya begiwa
Ivory Coast	4 December 1958	Repaboliki e e ikemetseng ka nosi mo teng ga Setšhaba sa Fora
Ivory Coast	7 August 1960	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Fora
Kenya	12 December 1963	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya United Kingdom
Lesotho	4 October 1966	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya United Kingdom
Liberia	26 July 1847	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya American Colonization Society
Libya	24 December 1951	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya UN Trusteeship (Boritane le puso ya Fora morago ga puso ya Italy e fela ka 1947)
Madagascar	14 October 1958	Repaboliki ya Madagascar e ne ya tlhomiwa jaaka naga e e ikemetseng mo teng ga Setšhaba sa Fora
Madagascar	26 June 1960	Fora e amogela boipuso jwa Madagascar
Malawi	6 July 1964	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya United Kingdom
Mali	25 November 1958	French Sudan e bona boipuso
Mali	24 November 1958 4 April 1959 20 June 1960 20 August 1960 22 September 1960	Independence from France
Mauritania	28 November 1960	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Fora
Mauritius	12 March 1968	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya United Kingdom
Morocco	7 April 1956	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Fora le Spain
Mozambique	25 June 1975	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Portugal
Namibia	21 March 1990	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Aforika Borwa
Niger	4 December 1958	Go ikemela ka nosi mo teng ga Setšhaba sa Fora
Niger	23 July 1900 13 October 1922 13 October 1946 26 July 1958 20 May 1957 25 February 1959 25 August 1958 3 August 1960 8 November 1960 10 November 1960	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Fora
Nigeria	1 October 1960	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya United Kingdom
Republic of Congo	15 August 1960	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Fora
Rwanda	1 July 1962	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Belgium
São Tomé and Príncipe	12 July 1975	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Portugal
Senegal	25 November 1957 24 November 1958 4 April 1959 4 April 1960 20 August 1960 20 June 1960 22 September 1960 18 February 1965 30 September 1989	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Fora
Seychelles	29 June 1976	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya United Kingdom
Sierra Leone	27 April 1961	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya United Kingdom
Somalia	20 July 1887 26 May 1925 1 June 1936 3 August 1940 19 August 1940 8 April 1941 25 February 1941 10 February 1947 1 April 1950 26 June 1960 1 July 1960	Union of Trust Territory of Somalia (e pele e neng e le Italian Somaliland) le Mmuso wa Somaliland (o pele e neng e le British Somaliland)
South Africa	11 December 1931	Statute of Westminster, e e tlhomang maemo a tekatekano ya molao magareng ga puso e e ipusang ya Union of South Africa LE UK
South Africa	31 May 1910	Go tlhamiwa ga Kopano e e ikemetseng ya Aforika Borwa go tswa mo dikoloneng tse di neng di kgaogantswe pele tsa Kapa, Natal, Transvaal le Orange River
South Sudan	9 July 2011	Boipuso jwa Sudan morago ga ntwa ya selegae
Sudan	1 January 1956	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong e pataganetsweng ya Baegepeto le Boritane
Tanzania	9 December 1961	Boipuso jwa Tanganyika go tswa kwa United Kingdom
Togo	30 August 1958	Go ikemela ka nosi mo teng ga Kopano ya Fora
Togo	27 April 1960	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Fora
Tunisia	20 March 1956	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya Fora
Uganda	1 March 1962	Boipuso jo bo neetsweng
Uganda	9 October 1962	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya United Kingdom
Zambia	24 October 1964	Boipuso go tswa mo taolong ya United Kingdom
Zimbabwe	11 November 1965	Kitsiso ya go ikemela ka nosi ga Rhodesia Borwa
Zimbabwe	18 April 1980	Boipuso jo bo lemogilweng go tswa ka United Kingdom jaaka jwa Zimbabwe