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Go Swa Mohama

Fetola dikgolaganyo
Go tswa ko Wikipedia
Stroke
Maina a mangweCerebrovascular accident (CVA), cerebrovascular insult (CVI), brain attack
CT scan of the brain showing a prior right-sided ischemic stroke from blockage of an artery. Changes on a CT may not be visible early on.[1]
SpecialtyNeurology, stroke medicine
DikaiInability to move or feel on one side of the body, problems understanding or speaking, dizziness, loss of vision to one side[2][3]
DitamoragoPersistent vegetative state[4]
CausesIschemic (blockage) and hemorrhagic (bleeding)[5]
Risk factorsHigh blood pressure, tobacco smoking, obesity, high blood cholesterol, diabetes mellitus, previous TIA, end-stage kidney disease, atrial fibrillation[2][6][7]
Diagnostic methodBased on symptoms with medical imaging typically used to rule out bleeding[8][9]
Differential diagnosisLow blood sugar[8]
TreatmentBased on the type[2]
PrognosisAverage life expectancy 1 year[2]
Frequency42.4 million (2015)[10]
Deaths6.3 million (2015)[11]

Go Swa Mohama ke bolwetse jo mo go jone kelelo e e bokowa ya madi mo bobokong e bakang go swa ga disele.[5] Go na le mefuta e mebedi ya Go swa Mohama : ischemic, ka ntlha ya go tlhoka kelelo ya madi, le hemorrhagic, ka ntlha ya go dutla madi.[5] Ka bobedi jwa tsone di dira gore dikarolo tsa boboko di se ka tsa tlhola di dira sentle.[5] Dikai tsa go swa Mohama di akaretsa go sa kgone go tshikhinyega kgotsa go utlwa mo letlhakoreng le lengwe la mmele, mathata a go tlhaloganya kgotsa go bua, go tsewa ke sedidi, kgotsa go latlhegelwa ke pono mo letlhakoreng le lengwe.[3] Gantsi dikai tsa bolwetse di bonala ka bonako fela fa seemo sa go swa Mohama se se sena go diragala.[3] Fa dikai tsa bolwetse di tsaya lobaka lo lo kwa tlase ga ura e le nngwe kgotsa di le pedi, Go swa Mohama ke tlhaselo ya nakwana ya ischemic (TIA), e gape e bidiwang seterouku se sennye.[3] Seterouku se se tswang madi gape se ka amana le go opiwa ke tlhogo thata.[3] Dikai tsa go swa Mohama e ka nna tsa sennelaruri.[5] Mathata a paka e telele a ka akaretsa nyumonia le go latlhegelwa ke taolo ya senya.[3]

Bodiphatsa jo botona jwa Bolwetse jwa Go swa Mohama ke kgatelelo e tona ya madi.[6] Mabaka a mangwe a a kotsi a akaretsa go goga motsoko, mmele o motona, kholeseterole e e kwa godimo mo mading, bolwetse jwa sukiri, TIA e e fetileng, bolwetse jwa diphilo jo bo mo kgatong ya bofelo, le go roroma ga pelo.[6][7] Go swa Mohama mo go itsiweng ka leina sa ischemic gantsi go bakwa ke go thibana ga tshika ya madi, le fa gape go na le mabaka a a sa tlwaelegang.[12][13][14] Go swa Mohama mo go akang go dutla madi go bakwa ke go dutla madi ka tlhamalalo mo bobokong kgotsa mo sebakeng se se fa gare ga dimembrane tsa boboko.[12][15] Go dutla madi go ka diragala ka ntlha ya go thubega ga tshika ya boboko.[12] Temogo gantsi e ikaegile ka tlhatlhobo ya mmele mme e tshegediwa ke ditshwantsho tsa kalafi jaaka CT scan kgotsa MRI scan.[8] CT scan e ka kgaphela thoko go dutla ga madi, mme e ka nna ya se ka ya kgaphela thoko ischemia, gantsi e sa bonaleng mo CT scan.[9] Ditlhatlhobo tse dingwe jaaka electrocardiogram (ECG) le diteko tsa madi di dirwa go bona gore ke dilo dife tse di ka bakang bolwetse jono le go kgaphela kwa thoko dilo tse dingwe tse di ka bakang bolwetse jono.[8] Sukiri e e kwa tlase mo mading e ka nna ya baka dikai tse di tshwanang.[8]

Thibelo e akaretsa go fokotsa mabaka a a kotsi, loaro la go bula ditshika tsa boboko mo bathong ba ba nang le bothata jwa go ngotlega ga ditshika tsa karote, le warfarin kgotsa diritiatsi tse dingwe tse di thibelang madi go ema mo bathong ba ba nang le go roroma ga ditshika tsa pelo.[2] Go ka nna grotloediwa go dirisa aspirin kgotsa di-statin go thibela bolwetse jono.[2] Go Swa Mohama kgotsa TIA gantsi e tlhoka tlhokomelo ya tshoganyetso.[5] Go swa mohama ga ischemic, fa go lemogiwa mo diureng di le tharo go ya go di le nne le sephatlo, se ka alafiwa ka melemo e e ka thubang letlhotlhora.[2] Go swa Mehama ga go ke dutla madi go solegelwa molemo ke loaro.[2] Kalafi ya go leka go boela mo tirong e e latlhegileng e bidiwa tsosoloso ya Go swa Mohama, mme e diragala mo yuniting ya seterouku ; le fa go ntse jalo, tseno ga di yo mo dikarolong tse dintsi tsa lefatshe.

Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le boraro (2013)batho ba ka nna dimilione di le 6.9 ba ne ba nna le bolwetse jwa Go swa Mohama jwa ischemic mme batho ba le dimilione di le 3.4 ba ne ba nna le bolwetse jwa Go swa Mohama jwa go tswa madi.[16] Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi,lesome le botlhano (2015) go ne go na le di ka nna 42.400. batho ba le dimilione ba ba kileng ba bo ba na le bolwetse jwa Go swa Mohama mme ba sa ntse ba tshela.[10] Magareng ga ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe (1990) le ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome(2010) palo ya bolwetse jwa Go swa Mohama tse di diragalang ngwaga le ngwaga e ne ya fokotsega ka selekanyo sa 10% mo mafathseng a tlhabologileng mme ya oketsega ka 10% mo mafatsheng a tlhabologang.[17] Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le botlhano (2015), bolweste jwa Go swa Mohama e ne e le selo sa bobedi se se bakang dintsho kgapetsakgapetsa morago ga bolwetse jwa ditshika tsa pelo, mme se ne sa baka dintsho di le 6.3 . dintsho di le dimilione di le dimilione (11% ya palogotlhe).[11] Dintsho di ka nna dimilione di le 3.0 di bakilwe ke bolwetse jwa go swa Mohama jwa ischemic fa dintsho di le dimilione di le 3.3 di bakilwe ke seterouku sa hemorrhagic.[11] Selekanyo sa Sephatlo sa batho ba ba kileng ba tshwarwa ke bolwetse jwa Go swa Mohama ba tshela lobaka lo lo kwa tlase ga ngwaga. Ka kakaretso, Bolwetse jwa Go swa Mohama di diragetse mo bathong ba ba fetang dingwaga di le masome a marataro le botlhano 65.[17]

Ditshupiso

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]
  1. ↑ Gaillard, Frank. "Ischaemic stroke". radiopaedia.org (in Sekgoa). Archived from the original on 28 November 2011. Retrieved 3 June 2018.
  2. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named Donnan2008
  3. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a Stroke?". www.nhlbi.nih.gov. March 26, 2014. Archived from the original on 27 February 2015. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  4. ↑ PhD, Gary Martin (2009). Palliative Care Nursing: Quality Care to the End of Life, Third Edition (in Sekgoa). Springer Publishing Company. p. 290. ISBN 978-0-8261-5792-8. Archived from the original on 2017-08-03.
  5. 1 2 3 4 5 6 "What Is a Stroke?". www.nhlbi.nih.gov/. March 26, 2014. Archived from the original on 18 February 2015. Retrieved 26 February 2015.
  6. 1 2 3 "Who Is at Risk for a Stroke?". www.nhlbi.nih.gov. March 26, 2014. Archived from the original on 27 February 2015. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  7. 1 2 Hu, A; Niu, J; Winkelmayer, WC (November 2018). "Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With End-Stage Kidney Disease on Dialysis and Atrial Fibrillation". Seminars in Nephrology. 38 (6): 618–28. doi:10.1016/j.semnephrol.2018.08.006. PMC 6233322. PMID 30413255.
  8. 1 2 3 4 5 "How Is a Stroke Diagnosed?". www.nhlbi.nih.gov. March 26, 2014. Archived from the original on 27 February 2015. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  9. 1 2 Yew KS, Cheng E (July 2009). "Acute stroke diagnosis". American Family Physician. 80 (1): 33–40. PMC 2722757. PMID 19621844.
  10. 1 2 GBD 2015 Disease and Injury Incidence and Prevalence Collaborators (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". The Lancet. 388 (10053): 1545–1602. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31678-6. PMC 5055577. PMID 27733282. {{cite journal}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  11. 1 2 3 GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". The Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281. {{cite journal}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  12. 1 2 3 "Types of Stroke". www.nhlbi.nih.gov. March 26, 2014. Archived from the original on 19 March 2015. Retrieved 27 February 2015.
  13. ↑ Roos, Karen L. (2012). Emergency Neurology (in Sekgoa). Springer Science & Business Media. p. 360. ISBN 978-0-387-88584-1. Archived from the original on 2017-01-08.
  14. ↑ Wityk, Robert J.; Llinas, Rafael H. (2007). Stroke (in Sekgoa). ACP Press. p. 296. ISBN 978-1-930513-70-9. Archived from the original on 2017-01-08.
  15. ↑ Feigin VL, Rinkel GJ, Lawes CM, Algra A, Bennett DA, van Gijn J, Anderson CS (December 2005). "Risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage: an updated systematic review of epidemiological studies". Stroke. 36 (12): 2773–80. doi:10.1161/01.STR.0000190838.02954.e8. PMID 16282541.
  16. ↑ Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 Collaborators (August 2015). "Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013". The Lancet. 386 (9995): 743–800. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(15)60692-4. PMC 4561509. PMID 26063472. {{cite journal}}: |last= has generic name (help)
  17. 1 2 Feigin VL, Forouzanfar MH, Krishnamurthi R, Mensah GA, Connor M, Bennett DA, et al. (January 2014). "Global and regional burden of stroke during 1990-2010: findings from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". The Lancet. 383 (9913): 245–54. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(13)61953-4. PMC 4181600. PMID 24449944.
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