James Kabarebe
| James Kabarebe | |
|---|---|
 Kabarebe ka ngwaga wa 2012 | |
| Tona wa lefatshe wa botsalano jwa kgaolo | |
| Assumed office Lwetse ngwaga wa 2023 | |
| President | Paul Kagame |
| Pele Ga Gagwe | Marcel Gatsinzi |
| tona wa tshireletso mo lephateng la tshireletso | |
| Morago Ga Gagwe | Albert Murasira |
| Ka Ga Ena | |
| Mokgatlho | Rwandan Patriotic Front |
James Kabarebe (o o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1959) ke lesole le le tlogetseng tiro ka bogosi la kwa Rwanda, o a berekang e le tona wa lefatshe mo lephateng la tsa mafatshe a sele.
Kabarebe e ne e le motsaya karolo wa botlhokwa mo dintweng tsoo pedi tsa ntwa ya ntlha ya Congo le ntwa ya bobedi ya Congo e le moeteledipele wa masole.[1]
Go tswa ka Moranang a le lesome ngwaga wa 2010 go filthelela ka Phalane a le lesome le borobabobedi ngwaga wa 2018, e ne e le tona wa itshereletso. O nnile ramasole wa Rwandan Patriotic Army, a bo a nna motho o o logang maano mo Alliance for Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo.[2] Mo maemong a gagwe a tona wa tshireletso o ne a lebisiwa molato wa go nna moeteledipele wa letsholo la Mopitlo a le masome mabedi le boraro, sesole se se kwa botlhaba jwa Democratic Republic of the Congo.[3]
Ka Lwetse ngwaga wa 2023, James Kabarebe o ne a thapiwa go nna tona wa lefatshe wa tirisanommogo mo kgaolong.[4]
Botshelo jwa gagwe le thuto
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]James Kabarebe o tshotswe ka ngwgaa wa 1959. O godiseditswe kwa Ibanda kwa bophirima jwa Uganda, o tsene dithuto tsa gagwe tse dipotlana kwa Kyamate Primary kwa bophirima jwa Uganda, a tsena tse dikgolwane kwa Kabalega Secondary kwa Masindi, kwa Bunyoro kwa bophirima jwa Uganda. O ne a tswelela kwa St. Henry's College ka ngwga wa 1979. Morago o ne a ya go tsena sekolo sa ithutelo ditiro se segolwane kwa Makerere University kwa a neng a aloga ka dithuto tsa Bachelor of Arts degree mo go tsa itsholelo le sepolotiki. O ne a bilediwa bosole ka ngwaga wa 1989.
Sesole sa Rwandan Patriotic
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]James Kabarebe e ne e le mokwaledi wa sephiri le mothusi wa ga Paul Kagame. Ka nako ya ntwa ya selegae ya Rwanda, o ne a nna ramasole a mophato wa kwa Mulindi. Mophato o morago o ne wa nna badisa ba lefatshe mo pusong ya ga Kagame.
Ntwa ya ntlha ya Congo
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ka nako ya ntwa ya ntlha ya Congo, Kabarebe e ne e le ramasole wa masole a Rwanda a a neng a kgabaganyetsa kwa Zaire (kwa jaanong e leng Democratic Republic of the Congo).[5] maikaelelo a sesole e ne e le go fenya masole a pele a FAR le Interahamwe, masole a morafe wa Hutu a a neng a ganyaotse ba morafe wa Tutsi ebile a maega mo ditlhaselong tsa go kgabaganya melelwane tsa Rwanda, go senya dikampa tsa batshabi tse ditlhopha tsa sesole le batho ba Hutu ba neng ba nna mo go tsone, le go thankgola tautona Mobutu Sese Seko wa Zaire.[6][1]
Jaaka mologa maano o motona mo lekgotleng la botsuolodi la Alliance of Democratic Forces for the Liberation of Congo (AFDL) la ga Laurent Desire Kabila, Kabarebe o ne a thusa go loga maano a go gapiwa ga Kinshasa, toropokgolo ya Deomcratic Republic of the Congo, ka Motsheganong a le lesome le bosupa ngwgaag wa 1997, le go fenya Mobutu Sese Seko.
Kwa phelelong ya thomo e, o ne a thapiwa go nna moeteledipele wa babereki ba sesole sa Congo ke Kabila.[1] Le fa go ntse jalo, botsalano gareng ga Rwanda le Kabila bo ne jwa wela tlase mo diemong tse di tlaa bakang ntwa ya bobedi ya Congo. A tshaba go thankgolwa mo pusong, Kabila o ne a koba Kabarebe ka Phukwi a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa 1998.[1][1] Kabila o ne a thapa Celestin Kifwa, motho wa Congo o a neng a kile a berekela kwa Angola.
Ntwa ya bobedi ya Congo
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Mo nakong ya gagwe e le moeteledipele wa babbereki, mo mopahatong wa bo lesome, a le kwa botlhaba jwa Congo, o ne a simolola go tsenya Banyamulenge ba le bantsi, Banyarwanda le mephato ya pele ya sesole sa tshireletso sa Rwanda ba ba neng ba le kgatlhanong le Kabila.[7] Morago ga go kobiwa ga gagwe mo maemong ao ka Phukwi ngwaga wa 1998, Kabarebe, masole a Uganda le a Congo[1] ba ne ba simolola go rulaganya tlhaselo mo bophirima jwa Congo, e e neng e ikaelela go thankgola puso ya ga Kabila. Ka Phatwe a le malatsi a mane, o ne a etelela pele tlhaselo ya mo phefong kwa Kitona, kwa a neng a tsamaya ka sefofane le masole a RPA a le dikete di le tharo le a UPDF.[8]
Mephato ya gagwe e ne ya atumela ka pele, e gapa maemelo a magolo a dikepe le dikago kwa botlhaba jwa Congo mo malatsing fela a le mmalwa. Mo mogwantong wa bone, bokopano bo go akanyediwa ba dirisitse batho ka dikgoka mo tlhakanelong dikobo, le go bolaya beng gae le go thuba dibanka.[1] Ka maiteko a go gapa Kinshasa, bokopano bo ne jwa kgaola motlakase mo toropong ba baka se go ya ka UN e neng e e le "loso lwa palo e e sa itsagaleng lwa beng gae, bogolo jang bana le balwetsi kwa dipateleng."[1]
Ka Phatwe a le masome mabedi le bobedi, o ne a gorogile kwa Kinshasa, mme masole a Zimbabwe, Namibia le Angola a ne a kganela masole a gagwe go gapa le go thankgola Kabila. O ne a patelediwa go boela kwa Angola go fitlhelela ba tswela ruri ka Morule 1998. Ka nako ya go bola morago ga masole a a kopaneng, masole a Angola go bolelwa fa a ne a dira bosetlhogo jo bo tshwanang le jwa bokopano fa ba gwantela kwa Kinshasa.[1]
Masole a Rwanda
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ka Phalane ngwaga wa 2002, tautona Paul Kagame o ne a thapa Kabarebe mo maemong a moeteledipele wa babereki ba tshireletso ba sesole sa Rwanda.
Ka Phatwe a le masome a mararo ngwaga wa 2023, lephata la tshireletso la Rwanda le ne la phatlalatsa kitsiso e e neng e supa fa Kabarebe le Fred Ibinga o e neng e le moeteledipele wa Rwanda Reserve Force ba rotswe marapo. Mo go bone go ne go na gape le tona wa tshireletso Albert Murasira.[9]
Melato e a neng a e lebisitswe
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Kabarebe e ne e le mongwe wa matona a Rwanda a a lesome a a neng a lebisitswe molato wa go tsaya karolo mo thuntshiweng ga sefofane sa tautona wa nako eo Juvenal Habyarimana, ke Jean Louis Bruguiere ka ngwaga wa 2006.[10] Kabarebe le matona a mangwe ba latofaditse magatwe a.[10] Ka Tlhakole, ngwaga wa 2008, molaodi wa lotso lwa Spanish Fernando Andreu, o ne a ntsha ditaelo tsa go tshwarwa ga matona a Rwanda a le masome mane a akaretsa Kabarebe. Melato mo ditshekong tsoo pedi e ne ya boelwa morago.
Ka ngwaga wa 2012, pego go tswa kwa setlhopheng sa khansele ya United Nations ya tshireletso e ne e lebisa Kabarebe le matona a mangwe a Rwanda molato wa go nna bateteledipele ba sesole sa M23.[3] Sesole sa M23 se ne se lebisitswe melato ya dipolao, dipetelelo le bosetlhogo jo bongwe kwa botlhaba jwa Democratic Republic of the Congo.[3] Kabarebe le lefatshe la Rwanda ba ganetsa magatwe ao.[11]
Ka ngwaga wa 2025, lefatshe la United States le ne la baya dikotlhao mo go Kabarebe go bo a ne a berekisana le M23 mo tlhaselong ya yone le go tsamaisa theko ya ditswammung tse di gapilweng ke ditsuolodi kwa DRC.[12]
Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Metswedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 "DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO, 1993–2003: Report of the Mapping Exercise documenting the most serious violations of human rights and international humanitarian law committed within the territory of the Democratic Republic of the Congo between March 1993 and June 2003" (PDF). United Nations Human Rights: Office of the High Commissioner. August 2010.
- ↑ Kagire, Edmund (19 October 2018). "Kagame reshuffles Cabinet, removes powerful Defence minister". The EastAfrican. Nairobi. Retrieved 28 July 2025
- 1 2 3 Smith, David (18 October 2012). "Rwandan minister is leader of Congo rebels, UN says". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 28 July 2025
- ↑ Edmund (28 September 2023). "Afrique Rwanda: le général en retraite James Kabarebe nommé ministre de la Coopération régionale". RFI. Retrieved 28 July 2025
- ↑ Gerard Prunier, Africa's World War, OUP 2009, pg. 183
- ↑ "Washingtonpost.com: Congo Report". www.washingtonpost.com. Retrieved 28 July 2025
- ↑ Gerard Prunier, Africa's World War, OUP 2009, pg. 177
- ↑ Cooper, Tom (2013). Great Lakes Conflagration: Second Congo War, 1998 2003. UK: Helion & Company Limited. pp. 23–32. ISBN 978-1-920143-84-8
- ↑ Musoni, Edwin (30 August 2023). "Kagame approves retirement of 12 Generals". The New Times. Retrieved 28 July 2025
- 1 2 "Rwandan defence minister refuses to face French judge over Habyaramina death". RFI. 15 December 2017. Retrieved 28 July 2025
- ↑ "UPDATE 4-African leaders sign deal aimed at peace in eastern Congo". Reuters. 25 February 2013. Retrieved 28 July 2025
- ↑ "The US sanctions a Rwanda official and a rebel spokesperson over violence in eastern Congo". AP News. 21 February 2025. Retrieved 28 jULY 2025