Mandume ya Ndemufayo
| Mandume ya Ndemufayo | |
|---|---|
| Kgosi ya bofelo ya bogosi jwa Oukwanyama | |
Mandume ya Ndemufayo (1915) | |
| Reign | 1911 go tsena 1917 |
| Successor | Ope |
| Tsalo | 1894 Oukwanyama |
| Leso | Tlhakole a le malatsi a marataro Namibia |
Mandume ya Ndemufayo ( o o tshotsweng ka 1894 a tlhokafala ka Tlhakole a le malatsi a marato ngwaga wa 1917) e ne e le kgosi ya bofelo ya Oukwanyama, morafe o mmotlana wa morafe wa Ovambo wa kwa Borwa jwa Angola le bokone jwa Namibia. Ya Ndemufayo o ne a tsaya bogosi ka 1912, bogosi jwa gagwe jwa nna go fitlhelela ka 1918 fa a ne a tlhokafala ka go ipolaya kgotsa go thunya ga tlhobolo fa a le mo tlhaselong go tswa mo baeteledi Pele ba kolone ba Aforika Borwa.[1] Ya Ndemufayo o tlotlomadiwa e le mogaka wa Angola le Namibia.[2]
Tse di diragetseng Pele
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Bogosi jwa Oukwanyama bo ne jwa kgaoganngwa ke bokopano jwa Berlin jwa 1884 go nna dikgaolo tsa Portuguese West Africa le German South West Africa.
Fa a santse a le ngwana
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ya Ndemufayo o godile ka nako e botsuolodi bo neng bo le lwa godimo kwa bogosing jwa Oukwanyama ka ntlha ya go nna teng ga bagwebi le barongwa ba Yuropa. E le wa boraro mo lenanenong la go tlhatlhama bogosi jwa Kwanyama, kgosana o ne a nna ka letshogo la go bolawa go tswa kwa dingwageng tsa a le mmotlana.
1911 go tsena 1915
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ya Ndemufayo o ne a tsaya bogosi ka kagiso go ya ka tlwaelesego ya Kwanyama a fudusetsa bonno jwa bogosi kwa Ondjiva (kwa e leng Angola gompieno). Ya Ndemufayo o ne a koba bagwebi ba maPotokisi kwa Kwanyama go fokotsa go ya godimo ga ditlhwatlhwa. Mo gae o ne a ntsha dikitsiso le melao e e kganelang go bapalwa ga maungo a sa butswa go sireletsa kgatlhanong le komelelo le tiriso ya dibetsa e e neng e sa tlhokafale, e e neng e dirwa mo bagwebing ba Yuropa. O ne a baya le kotlhao e e gagametseng ya tlolo molao ya petelelo a letla basadi go nna le dikgomo, mo pele go neng go se ka fa molaong. Kgosi Mandume o ne a batla go busetsa khumo le katlego ya Pele ya Kwanyama kgatlhanong le tsamaiso e e bolang ya baeteledipele.[1]
Botsalano le Sekeresete
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ya Ndemufayo o ne a itsege ka go koba BaKeresete mo bogosing jwa Oukwanyama. Bontsi jwa malwapa a Sekeresete a ne a tshabela kwa bogosing jwa Ondonga kwa morafeng wa Ovambo. Ya Ndemufayo o ne a sa batle ma Katoliki a ma potokisi le maJeremane a Rhenish mo bogosing jwa gagwe.[1]
Ntwa le loso
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ga gona ope wa bakolone ba Yuropa o o kileng a gwetlha magosi a Ovambo a a nang le dibetsa go fitlhelela ka 1915 le tshimologo ya ntwa ya ntlha ya mafatshe e e neng e ntse ka nako ya lenyora. Ka nako ya ntwa ya Omongwa, ya Ndemufayo le morafe wa Kwanyama ba ne ba gana tlhaselo ya mapotokisi malatsi a le mararo. Masole a Aforika Borwa a ne a fenya bontlha jwa bogosi jwa Oukwanyama kwa e neng e le South West Africa. Ka ntlha ya ditatlhegelo tse di kalo, ya Ndemufayo o ne a patelediwa go fudugela kwa toropokgolo ya Kwanyama kwa kgaolong ya South West Africa. Ka Tlhakole ngwaga wa 1917, morago ga gore Ndemufayo a gane go neela Aforika Borwa taolo, o ne a tlhokafala mo ntweng kgatlhanong le ma Aforika Borwa. Se se bakileng loso se a belaelwa; mekwalo ya Aforika Borwa e supa loso lwa gagwe lo bakilwe ke tlhobolo, fa ditso tse di tlwaelesegileng le tsa molomo di supa loso lwa gagwe lo bakilwe ke go ipolaa.[1]
Bogosi jwa Oukwanyama bo ne jwa emiswa morago ga loso lwa gagwe ka 1917 go fitlha ka Tlhakole 1998 fa Cornelius Mwetupunga Shelungu o ne a nna kgosi.
Metswedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- 1 2 3 4 Order out of Chaos: Mandume ya Ndemufayo and Oral History by Patrica Hayes in the Journal of Southern African Studies, 19.1, March 1993]
- ↑ Mandume ya Ndemufayo's memorials in Namibia and Angola Archived 2012-02-15 at the Wayback Machine