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Micrometre

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Micrometre (Commonwealth English) jaaka e dirisiwa ke International Bureau of Weights and Measures; [1]SI letshwao: μm) kgotsa micrometer (American English), gape e itsege ka leina la micron, e e seng ya SI,[2] ke yuniti ya boleele mo International System of Units (SI) e e lekanang le 1×10−6 metre (SI standard prefix "micro-" = 10−6); ke gore, nngwetharong ya milione ya metara (kgotsa nngwetharong ya sekete ya milimetara, 0.001 mm, kgotsa e e ka nnang 0.00004 inch).[3]

Yuniti e e gaufi thata ya SI ke nanometre, e e lekanang le nngwe ya di-micrometre di le sekete, millimeter e le nngwe ya di-millimeter kgotsa metara e le nngwe ya di-billionth (0.000000001 m).

Micrometer ke yuniti e e tlwaelegileng ya go lekanya wavelength ya infrared radiation mmogo le bogolo jwa disele tsa ditshedi le dibaktheria,[4]le go farologanya wulu ka bophara jwa ditlhale.[5] Bophara jwa moriri wa motho bo ka nna 20 go ya go 200 μm

Magareng ga 1 μm le 10 μm:

  • 1 -10 μm - boleele jwa baketheria e e tlwaelegileng
  • 3 - 8 μm - bophara jwa tlhale ya sei ya bobi jwa segokgo[6]
  • 5 μm - boleele jwa tlhogo e e tlwaelegileng ya spermatozoon ya motho[7]
  • 10 μm - bogolo jwa hyphae ya fungal e e ka nnang
  • 10 μm - bogolo jwa mouwane, mouwane, kgotsa marothodi a metsi a maru

Magareng ga 10 μm le 100 μm:

  • mo e ka nnang 10 - 12 μm -bokima jwa polasetiki e e phuthilweng (cling wrap)
  • 10 go ya go 55 μm - bophara jwa tlhale ya wulu[8]
  • 17 go ya go 181 μm - bophara jwa moriri wa motho[9]
  • 70 go ya go 180 μm -bokima jwa pampiri

SI standardization

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Lereo micron le letshwao la μ le ne la amogelwa semmuso go dirisiwa le le nosi go supa micrometer ka 1879, mme la phimolwa semmuso ke International System of Units (SI) ka 1967.[10]Seno se ne sa nna botlhokwa ka gonne tiriso ya bogologolo e ne e sa tsamaisane le go amogelwa semmuso ga sekaelo sa yuniti se se bidiwang micro- se se supilweng ka μ, ka nako ya go tlhamiwa ga SI ka 1960. Mo SI, leina le le tlwaelegileng la micrometer le ne la nna leina la semmuso la yuniti, mme μm ya nna letshwao la semmuso la yuniti. Mo Seesemaneng sa Amerika, tiriso ya "micron" e thusa go farologanya yuniti go tswa go micrometer, sediriswa sa go lekanya, ka gonne leina la yuniti mo mopeleong o o tlwaelegileng wa Amerika ke leina la sediriswa. Ka Seesemane se se buiwang, di ka farologanngwa ka tsela e di buiwang ka yone, ka gonne gantsi leina la sedirisiwa se se lekanyang le gatelelwa mo segalong sa bobedi E. ka ntlha ya gore go bidiwa ga leina la yuniti ka thulaganyo, go ya ka tumalano ya go bidiwa ga diyuniti tsa SI ka Seesemane, go gatelela tlhaka ya ntlha

Boidiidi jwa micron gantsi ke microns, le fa gone micra e ne e dirisiwa gangwe le gape pele ga 1950.[11][12][13]

Letshwao la semmuso la SI ke micro- e leng mokwalo o monnye wa Segerika wa mu.[14]Unicode e tsere boswa U+00B5 μ MICRO SIGN go tswa go ISO/IEC 8859-1, e farologane le khoutu ya ntlha U+03BC μ GREEK SMALL LETTER MU. Go ya ka Unicode Consortium, ditlhaka tsa ditlhaka tsa Segerika di a ratega,mme ditsamaiso di tshwanetse go lemoga letshwao la micro gape le go tsamaelana le ditlhaka tsa bogologolo. Mefuta e le mentsi ya ditlhaka e dirisa glyph e le nngwe mo ditlhakeng tse pedi tseno[15]

  1. ↑ "micrometre". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 18 May 2014.
  2. ↑ "Writing with SI (Metric System) Units". NIST. 13 January 2010.
  3. ↑ "micrometre". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 18 May 2014.
  4. ↑ "micrometre". Encyclopædia Britannica Online. Retrieved 18 May 2014.
  5. ↑ "Wool Fibre". NSW Department of Education and Communities. Archived from the original (Word Document download) on 17 June 2016. Retrieved 18 May 2014.
  6. ↑ Ramel, Gordon. "Spider Silk". Archived from the original on 4 December 2008. Retrieved 14 December 2008. A typical strand of garden spider silk has a diameter of about 0.003 mm ... Dragline silk (about .00032 inch (.008 mm) in Nephila)
  7. ↑ Smith, D.J.; Gaffney, E.A.; Blake, J.R.; Kirkman-Brown, J.C. (25 February 2009). "Human sperm accumulation near surfaces: a simulation study" (PDF). Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 621. Cambridge University Press: 295. Bibcode:2009JFM...621..289S. doi:10.1017/S0022112008004953. S2CID 3942426. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 November 2013.
  8. ↑ "Fibreshape applications". IST - Innovative Sintering Technologies Ltd. Retrieved 4 December 2008. Histogram of Fiber Thickness [micrometre]
  9. ↑ The diameter of human hair ranges from 17 to 181 μm.
  10. ↑ BIPM - Resolution 7 of the 13th CGPM 1967/68), "Abrogation of earlier decisions (micron, new candle.)"
  11. ↑ Proceedings of the Royal Society of Queensland. Part I. Vol. XIX. H. Pole & Co. 1907 – via Google Books.
  12. ↑ Bigalow, Edward Fuller; Agassiz Association (1905). The Observer. Vol. 7–8 – via Google Books.
  13. ↑ 10 micra/10 microns (Start at 1885; before that, the word "micron", singular or plural, was rare)
  14. ↑ "Prefixes of the International System of Units". International Bureau of Weights and Measures. Archived from the original on 23 May 2018. Retrieved 9 May 2016.
  15. ↑ Beeton, Barbara; Freytag, Asmus; Sargent, Murray III (30 May 2017). "Unicode Technical Report #25". Unicode Technical Reports. Unicode Consortium. p. 11.
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