Molafo
| Rabies | |
|---|---|
 | |
| A dog with rabies in the paralytic (post-furious) stage | |
| Specialty | Infectious disease |
| Dikai | Fever, fear of water, confusion, excessive salivation, hallucinations, trouble sleeping, paralysis, coma[1][2] |
| Causes | Rabies virus, Australian bat lyssavirus[3] |
| Prevention | Rabies vaccine, animal control, rabies immunoglobulin[1] |
| Prognosis | Nearly always death after onset of symptoms[1] |
| Deaths | 17,400 (2015)[4] |
Molafo ke bolwetse jwa megare jo bo bakang thurugo ya boboko mo bathong le mo diamusi tse dingwe . Dikai tsa ntlha di ka akaretsa letshoroma le go tlhotlhorega fa go amegileng teng.[1] Dikai tseno di latelwa ke se le sengwe kgotsa go feta , dikai tse di latelang: go tshikhinyega ka tsela e e bogale, go itumela ka tsela e e sa laolegeng, go tshaba metsi, go sa kgone go tshikinya dikarolo tsa mmele, go tlhakana tlhogo le go idibala.[1] Fa dikai tsa bolwetse di sena go bonala, mo e ka nnang ka metlha phelelo ke loso.[1] Nako ya go tsenwa ke bolwetse le go simolola ga dikai gantsi ke kgwedi e le nngwe go ya go tse tharo, fela e ka farologana go tswa go e e kwa tlase ga beke e le nngwe go ya go e e fetang ngwaga o le mongwe.[1] Nako e ikaegile ka sebaka se mogare o tshwanetseng go se tsamaya mo methapong e e fa thoko go fitlha kwa thulaganyong ya methapo e e fa gare.[5]
Molafo o bakwa ke dibaerase tsa lyssa, go akaretsa le mogare wa molafo le lyssavirus ya bommamathwane ba Australia . E anama fa phologolo e e amegileng e loma kgotsa e ngapa motho kgotsa phologolo e nngwe. Mathe a a tswang mo phologolong e e amegileng le one a ka fetisa bolwetse jwa segajaja fa mathe a kopana le matlho, molomo kgotsa nko.[1] Lefatshe ka bophara, dintša ke tsone diphologolo tse di tlwaelegileng thata tse di amegang.[1] Mo mafatsheng a dintša di nang le bolwetse jo ka tlwaelo, go feta 99% ya dikgetse tsa segajaja ke ditlamorago tsa go longwa ke dintša.[6] Kwa Amerika, go longwa ke bommamathwane ke motswedi o o tlwaelegileng thata wa ditshupo tsa segajaja mo bathong, mme dikgetse tse di kwa tlase ga 5% di tswa mo dintšeng.[1][6] Dipeba di tsenwa ke bolwetse jwa segajaja ka sewelo thata.[6] Bolwetse bo ka lemogiwa fela morago ga go simolola ga dikai.[1]
Mananeo a go laola diphologolo le go kenta a fokoditse kotsi ya go tsenwa ke bolwetse jwa segajaja go tswa mo dintšeng mo dikgaolong di le mmalwa tsa lefatshe. Go kenta batho pele ga ba amega go a rotoediwa mo go ba ba mo kotsing e kgolo, go akaretsa le ba ba berekang le bommamathwane kgotsa ba ba nnang nako e telele mo mafelong a lefatshe a bolwetse jwa segajaja bo tlwaelegileng mo go jone.[1] Mo bathong ba ba kileng ba tlhaselwa ke bolwetse jwa segajaja, mokento wa bolwetse jwa segajaja le ka dinako tse dingwe immunoglobulin ya segajaja di a atlega mo go thibeleng bolwetse jono fa motho a amogela kalafi pele ga dikai tsa bolwetse jwa segajaja di simolola.[1] Go tlhatswa go loma le go ngapa metsotso e le lesome le botlhano ka molora le metsi, povidone-iodine, kgotsa molora go ka fokotsa palo ya dikarolwana tsa megare mme go ka nna ga thusa ka tsela nngwe go thibela go tshelanwa.[1][7] Tempolete:As of , ke batho ba le lesome le bone fela ba ba neng ba falotse tshwaetsego ya segajaja morago ga go bontsha dikai.[8][9]
Molafo o bakile dintsho tsa batho ba ka nna 17 400 lefatshe ka bophara ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le leso,e le botlhano( 2015).[4] Go feta 95% ya dintsho tsa batho ka ntlha ya segajaja di diragala mo Aforika le Asia . Mo e ka nnang 40% ya dintsho di diragala mo baneng ba ba ka fa tlase ga dingwaga di le lesome le botlhano . Molafo o Molafo o teng mo mafathseng a fetang lekgolo le masome a matlhano le mo dikontinenteng tsotlhe kwa ntle ga Antarctica.[1] Palo e ka fetang dibilione di le tharo ya batho ba nna mo dikgaolong tsa lefatshe tse bolwetse jwa segajaja bo bonalang mo go tsone.[1]Mafatshe a le mmalwa, go akaretsa le Australia le Japane, mmogo le bontsi jwa Yuropa Bophirima, ga di na bolwetse jwa segajaja mo dintšeng. Ditlhaketlhake di le dintsi tsa Pacific ga di na bolwetse jwa segajaja gotlhelele.[10] E tlhaolwa jaaka bolwetse jwa boboatsatsi jo bo sa tlhokomelweng .
Ditshupiso
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 "Rabies Fact Sheet N°99". World Health Organization. July 2013. Archived from the original on 1 April 2014. Retrieved 28 February 2014. Tempolete:Webarchive
- ↑ "Rabies - Symptoms and causes". Mayo Clinic (in Sekgoa). Archived from the original on 22 April 2021. Retrieved 9 April 2018. Tempolete:Webarchive
- ↑ "Rabies, Australian bat lyssavirus and other lyssaviruses". The Department of Health. Dec 2013. Archived from the original on 4 March 2014. Retrieved 1 March 2014. Tempolete:Webarchive
- 1 2 Wang H, Naghavi M, Allen C, Barber RM, Bhutta ZA, Carter A, et al. (October 2016). "Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015". Lancet. 388 (10053): 1459–1544. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(16)31012-1. PMC 5388903. PMID 27733281.
- ↑ Cotran RS, Kumar V, Fausto N (2005). Robbins and Cotran Pathologic Basis of Disease (7th ed.). Elsevier/Saunders. p. 1375. ISBN 978-0-7216-0187-8.
- 1 2 3 Tintinalli, Judith E. (2010). Emergency Medicine: A Comprehensive Study Guide (Emergency Medicine (Tintinalli)). McGraw-Hill. pp. Chapter 152. ISBN 978-0-07-148480-0.
- ↑ Wunner, William H. (2010). Rabies: Scientific Basis of the Disease and Its Management. Academic Press. p. 556. ISBN 9780080550091. Archived from the original on 19 August 2020. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
- ↑ Hemachudha T, Ugolini G, Wacharapluesadee S, Sungkarat W, Shuangshoti S, Laothamatas J (May 2013). "Human rabies: neuropathogenesis, diagnosis, and management". The Lancet. Neurology. 12 (5): 498–513. doi:10.1016/s1474-4422(13)70038-3. PMID 23602163.
- ↑ Manoj S, Mukherjee A, Johri S, Kumar KV (2016). "Recovery from rabies, a universally fatal disease". Military Medical Research. 3 (1): 21. doi:10.1186/s40779-016-0089-y. PMC 4947331. PMID 27429788.
- ↑ "Rabies-Free Countries and Political Units". CDC. Archived from the original on 5 March 2014. Retrieved 8 May 2019. Tempolete:Webarchive