Noka ya Cross (Nigeria)
| Noka ya Cross | |
|---|---|
Noka ya Cross gaufi le toropo ya Mamfe kwa Cameroon | |
| Origin | Cameroon |
| Mouth | Bight of Biafra |
| Basin countries | Cameroon Nigeria |
| Length | 489 km |
| Source elevation | 2,728 m |
| River system | Cross River |
| Left tributaries | Mfi, Mbu, noka ya Bali Munaya, Awa, ibe, Ukpon, Ekpor, Udep, Calabar,Great Kwa |
| Right tributaries | Bagwor, Mak, Mo, Mam, Munaya, Oyi, Obokum, Afi,Ikpa,Enyong, Aboine |
Noka ya Cross (leina la mo gae e le Oyono)[1] ke yone noka ya konokono kwa borwa-botlhaba jwa Nigeria, kgaolo ya Cross River e tsaya leina mo go yone. E simolola kwa Cameroon, kwa leina la noka ya Manyu le tswang teng.[2] Le ntswa le se le leele ka seelo sa mo Aforika, lefelo le e mo go lone le itemogela dipula tse dinamagadi ebile e nne bophara thata. Mo dikhilomithareng tsa yone tsa bofelo tse di masome a robabobedi go ya kwa lewatleng, e elela go kgabaganya sekgwa se se bongola se na le melatswana e le mmalwa, e tlhama makgadikagdi gaufi le bokopano jwa yone le noka ya Calabar,[3] dikhilomithara di le masome mabedi ka bophara le di le masome a matlhano ka boleele gareng ga ditoropo tsa Oron kwa lotshitshing lwa bophirima le Calabar, kwa lotshitshing lo lo kwa botlhaba, dikhilomithara di feta masome a mararo go tswa kwa lewatleng. Makgadikgadi a tshela kwa letamong le legolwane[4] le e le kopanetseng le dinoka tse dingwe tse dipotlana. Kwa molomong wa yone kwa lewatleng la Atlantic, letamo le dikhilomithara di le masome a mabedi le bone ka bophara. Botlhaba jwa letamo bo mo lefatsheng le le mabapi la Cameroon.[5]
Motswedi o motona wa noka ya Cross ke noka ya Aloma, e tswa kwa kgaolong ya Benue go kopana le noka ya Cross kwa kgaolong ya Cross River. Kgaolo ya Cross River e kopane le tsela e tona e e yang kwa kgaolong e e mabapi ya Akwa Ibom. Sekgele gareng ga Oron le Calabat ke dikhilomithara di le masome mabedi le motso ka mokoro le dikhilomithara di le makgolo a mabedi ka tsela. Palo ya batho ba Cross River kwa tlase ba dirisa dipalamo tsa metsi, toropo ya Calabar e tswa boglogolong e na le maemelo a dikepe, mo nokeng ya Calabar dikhilomithara di le lesome go tswa kwa bokopanelong jwa yone le noka ya Cross le dikhilomithara di le masome a matlhano le botlhano go tswa kwa lewatleng. Borogo jwa Itu kwa nokeng ya Cross bo mo tseleng ya Itu-Calabar, bo bolelwa fa e le nngwe ya dikatlego tsa tsamaiso ya Gowon fa bo fediwa ka 1975.[6]
Noka ya Cross e dira molelwane gareng ga dikgaolo tse di ratiwang ke pula tsa dikgwa tsa Cross Niger kwa bophirima jwa noka gareng ga dinoka tsa Cross le Niger, le Cross-Sanaga-Bioko kwa botlhaba gareng ga noka ya Cross le noka ya Sanaga kwa Cameroon. Pula ya ngwaga e farologana go tswa dimilimithara di le seke, makgolo a supa le masome a marataro kwa bokone jwa kgaolo go tsena dimilimithara di le dikete tharo, le lekgolo kwa borwa.[7]
Noka ya Cross e file lefelo la itloso bodutu le lolwapa la diteme leina.[8]
Kgaolo ya Cross Riber ke e e botlhokwa thata mo ditsong ka e le a) mo legaeng le go belaesegang batho bantsho ba ba buang dipuo tsa Bantu ba fudugile teng go kgabaganya Aforika dingwaga di le dikete tharo go tsena di le dikete tlhano tse di fetileng, b) ke lefelo le mokwalo wa Nsibidi o tlhamilweng teng, c) ke lefelo la Calabar, lengwe la marekisetso a matona ka nako ya kgwebo ya makgoba ya Atlantic.
Kgotlhelesego
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Ka dikgwedi tse go neng go sekasekiwa, iron, manganese, lead, arsenic le chromium di ne tsa bonwa mo metsing ka dielo tse di borai go ka nowa; ka jalo metsi a ne a kgotlhelesegile ka ditshipi tse a ka se ikanngwe go nosa batho ba Nigeria.
Metswedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- ↑ Reclus, Élisée (1892). Africa. Vol. 3 (reprint ed.). Forgotten Books. p. 341. ISBN 1-4400-9130-7.
- ↑ L. Zapfack; J. S. O. Ayeni; S. Besong; M. Mdaihli (November 2001). "ETHNOBOTANICAL SURVEY OF THE TAKAMANDA FOREST RESERVE" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2011-07-08. Retrieved 2026-06-22
- ↑ "Maritime Organisation of West and Central Africa, Nigeria". Archived from the original on 2010-05-05. Retrieved 2026-06-22
- ↑ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Cross River" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 7 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 510.
- ↑ "Cross River | Nigeria, Map, & Facts | Britannica". www.britannica.com. 2023-09-12. Retrieved 2026-06-22
- ↑ admin. "Major Rivers in Nigeria (Details and Pictures) – Sea Empowerment and Research". Retrieved 2026-06-22
- ↑ Nkpa M., Ogarekpe; Ekpe A., Obio; Imokhai T., Tenebe; Praise God C., Emenike; Chidozie C., Nnaji (23 Jul 2020). "Flood vulnerability assessment of the upper Cross River basin using morphometric analysis". Geomatics, Natural Hazards and Risk. 11 (1): 1378–1403. Bibcode:2020GNHR...11.1378O. doi:10.1080/19475705.2020.1785954.
- ↑ "Brief History of Cross River National Park". www.traveldigest.com.ng. Retrieved 2026-06-22