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Noka ya White Nile

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Noka ya White Nile

Noka ya Nile e tshweu (Arabic) ke noka e e kwa bokone le botlhaba jwa Afrika. Ke noka e e seng boteng thata, mme e telele (e bile e sephara e bile e se boteng thata), ya dinoka tse pedi tse dikgolo tse di elelang mo nokeng ya Nile, e kgolo ke Blue Nile.[1]Leina "White" le tswa mo sedimenteng sa letsopa se se tserweng mo metsing se se fetolang metsi go nna mmala o mosweu.[2]

Fa go buiwa ka tlhamalalo fela, "Nile e Tshweu" e raya noka e e neng ya bopiwa kwa Letsheng la No, fa dinoka tsa Bahr al Jabal le Bahr el Ghazal di kopanelang teng. Ka kakaretso, "Nile e Tshweu" e kaya dikarolo tsotlhe tsa noka e e elelang go tswa kwa Letsheng la Victoria go fitlha e kopana le Blue Nile: "Nile ya Victoria" go tswa kwa Letsheng la Victoria go feta kwa Letsheng la Kyoga go ya kwa Letsheng la Albert, go tswa foo "Nile ya Albert" go ya kwa molelwaneng wa South Sudan, go tswa foo "Nile ya Thaba" kgotsa "Bahr-al-Jabal" go ya kwa Letsheng la No.[3]"Nile e Tshweu" ka dinako tse dingwe e ka akaretsa metsi a letsha la Victoria, a a kgakala thata a a le dikete tse tharo le bosupa (3,700 km (2,300 mi) go tswa kwa Blue Nile.[4]

Mmapa o o bontshang White Nile le Blue Nile kwa Afrika Botlhaba.

Tsela

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Metsi a a tswang kwa godimo

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Noka ya Kagera, e e elelang mo Letsheng la Victoria gaufi le toropo ya Bukoba kwa Tanzania, ke noka e telele go di feta tsotlhe e e tsenang mo Letsheng la Victoria, le fa metswedi e sa dumalane ka gore ke efe e e leng noka e telele go di feta tsotlhe ya Kagera, mme ka jalo ke motswedi o o kgakala thata wa Nile.[5]Motswedi wa noka ya Nile o ka tsewa e le Ruvyironza, e e simololang kwa porofenseng ya Bururi, Burundi[6](gaufi le Bukirasaz), kgotsa Nyabarongo, e e elelang go tswa kwa sekgweng sa Nyungwe kwa Rwanda.[7]

Dinoka tseno tse pedi di kopana gaufi le Rusumo Falls mo molelwaneng wa Rwanda le Tanzania. Diphororo tseno di itsege ka tiragalo e e diragetseng ka kgwedi ya Moranang e le masome a mabedi le borobabobedi go ya ko masome a mabedi le le boferabongwe ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone (1994) fa batho ba le 250 000 ba ne ba kgabaganya borogo jwa Rusumo Falls go ya kwa Ngara, Tanzania, mo diureng di le masome a mabedi le bone (24), mo go se Mokomišenara yo Mogolo wa Batshabi wa Ditšhaba Kopano a neng a se bitsa "go huduga go go golo le go go bofefo ga batshabi mo metlheng ya segompieno". Kagera e bopa karolo ya melelwane ya Rwanda ⁇ Tanzania le Tanzania ⁇ Uganda pele e elela mo Letsheng la Victoria.

Kwa Uganda

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Dikepe tse di tsamayang ka mekorwana di ntse di itaagana mo diphororong tsa Bujagali gaufi le molomo wa Victoria Nile

Nile e Tshweu kwa Uganda e bidiwa "Victoria Nile" go tswa kwa Letsheng la Victoria go ralala Letsha la Kyoga go ya kwa Letsha la Albert, go tswa foo e bidiwa "Albert Nile" go fitlha kwa molelwaneng wa South Sudan.

Noka ya Victoria

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Victoria Nile e simologa kwa letsheng la Victoria, kwa Jinja, Uganda, kwa lobopong lo lo kwa bokone lwa letsha. [8]Noka eno e elela go tswa kwa Nalubaale Power Station le kwa Kiira Power Station fa e tswa mo letsheng, e elela go feta Bujagali Falls (kwa seteishene sa motlakase sa Bujagali se leng gone) e elela dikilometara di le lesome le botlhano go tswa kwa Jinja. Go tswa foo noka eno e elela kwa bokonebophirima go ralala Uganda go ya kwa Letsheng la Kyoga le le mo bogareng jwa naga eno, go tswa foo e elela kwa bophirima go ya kwa Letsheng la Albert.

Kwa Karuma Falls, noka e elela ka fa tlase ga Karuma Bridge (2°14′45.40′′N 32°15′9.05′′E) kwa sekhutlong sa borwabotlhaba jwa Murchison Falls National Park. Ka nako e ntsi ya borukhutlhi jwa Lord's Resistance Army, Borogo jwa Karuma, jo bo agilweng ka ngwaga wa sekete, makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le boraro (1963) go thusa madirelo a katune, e ne e le lefelo la konokono la go ema mo tseleng e e yang kwa Gulu, koo dikoloi di neng di kokoana ka ditlhopha pele ga di newa masole a a neng a di eteletse pele go ya kwa bokone. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le boferabongwe (2009), puso ya Uganda e ne ya itsise gore e ikaelela go aga porojeke ya motlakase wa metsi wa 750-megawatt dikilometara di le mmalwa kwa bokone jwa borogo, jo bo neng bo rulaganyeditswe go wediwa ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro(2016).[9]Banka ya Lefatshe e ne e amogetse madi a go aga semela sa motlakase sa dimekawate di le makgolo a mabedi , fela Uganda e ne ya tlhopha porojeke e kgolwane, e Ma-Uganda a tla e duelelang ka fa gare fa go tlhokega.[10]

Pele fela ga noka eno e tsena mo Letsha la Albert, e a komediwa go nna tsela e e bophara jwa dimetara di le supa fela kwa Murchison Falls, e leng se se bontshang gore e tsena mo lekaleng le le kafa bophirima la East African Rift. Go tswa foo noka eno e elela mo Letsha la Albert go bapa le Dithaba Tsa Blue mo Democratic Republic of the Congo.

Karolo ya noka go tswa kwa Letsheng la Kyoga go ya kwa Letsheng la Albert ka dinako tse dingwe e bidiwa "Nile ya Kyoga".[11]

Albert Nile

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Borogo jo bo fa godimo ga Albert Nile

Noka e e elelang go tswa kwa Letsheng la Albert go ya kwa bokone e bidiwa "Nile ya Albert". E kgaoganya kgaolo ya West Nile ya Uganda le naga yotlhe. Go na le borogo jo bo fetang mo Nokeng ya Nile ya Albert gaufi le mosele wa yone kwa Kgaolong ya Nebbi, mme ga go na borogo jo bongwe jo bo kileng jwa agiwa mo karolong eno. Go na le mokoro o o golaganyang ditsela tse di fa gare ga Adjumani le Moyo, mme go tsamaya mo nokeng go dirwa ka mokoro o monnye kgotsa ka mokorwana.

Kwa South Sudan le kwa Sudan

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Go tloga fa noka eno e tsenang mo Sudan Borwa go tswa kwa Uganda, noka eno e bidiwa "Nile ya Thaba". Go tswa kwa Letsheng la No kwa South Sudan noka eno e nna "White Nile" ka tsela e e feletseng, mme e bo e tswelela e elela go ya kwa bokone go tsena mo Sudan koo e felelang teng fa e kopana le Blue Nile.

Noka ya Nile ya Thaba

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Go tswa kwa Nimule kwa South Sudan, gaufi le molelwane le Uganda, noka e itsege jaaka "Nile ya Thaba" kgotsa "Baḥr al-Jabal" (le "Baḥr el-Jebel", بحر الجبل), ka tlhamalalo "Noka ya Thaba" kgotsa "Noka ya Thaba". [12][13]Naga ya Borwa jwa Sudan ya Central Equatoria e noka e e elelang mo go yone e ne e itsege jaaka Bahr al-Jabal go fitlha ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le borataro (2006).[14]

Karolo e e kwa borwa ya noka eno e kopana le melapo e le mmalwa pele ga e fitlha kwa dipoeng tsa Sudan le mo mogobeng o mogolo wa Sudd. E ya kwa Letsheng la No, koo e kopanelang teng le Bahr el Ghazal mme e bo e bopa White Nile.[15][16]Noka ya anabranch e e bidiwang Bahr el Zeraf e tswa mo Bahr al-Jabal mme e elela go ralala Sudd, gore kgabagare e kopane le White Nile. Noka ya Nile e e mo dithabeng e elela go ralala mekgokolosa e e tshesane le go kgabaganya metseletsele ya mekgokolosa e e akaretsang Fula (Fola) Rapids.[17][18]

Noka ya Nile e Tshweu le ya Nile e Putswa di kopana kwa Khartoum, motsemogolo wa Sudan.

Noka ya White Nile ka boyone

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Go batho bangwe, White Nile e simologa kwa motsweding wa Mountain Nile le Bahr el Ghazal kwa Letsheng la No.[19]

Dikilometara di le lekgolo le masome a mabedi (120) tsa White Nile tse di elelang go ya kwa botlhaba go tswa kwa Letsheng la No go ya kwa molomong wa Sobat di na le mekgokolosa e mentsi mme di na le mafelo a mantsi a a nang le metsi le matsha.[20] Fa noka ya Sobat e na le merwalela, e na le seretse se sentsi, se se dirang gore noka ya White Nile e nne le mmala o mosetlha. Go tswa kwa Malakal, toropo ya bobedi ya Sudan Borwa, noka e elela ka iketlo mme ga e na matsha go tsena mo Sudan le kwa bokone go ya kwa Khartoum. [21]Go ela kwa tlase ga noka go tswa kwa Malakal go na le Kodok, lefelo le ka ngwaga wa sekete ,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabongwe le borobabobedi (1898) go neng ga diragala tiragalo ya Fashoda mo go lone e e neng ya dira gore Ntwa ya go Gapa Afrika e fele.

Kwa Sudan noka eno e naya naga ya Sudan ya White Nile leina la yone, pele ga e kopana le noka e kgolo ya Blue Nile kwa Khartoum mme e bo e nna Noka ya Nile.

Ditsela tsa metsi tsa mo teng ga naga

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Noka ya Nile e Tshweu ke tsela ya metsi e e tsamayang go tswa kwa Letsheng la Albert go ya kwa Khartoum ka Letamo la Jebel Aulia, fela magareng ga Juba le Uganda e tlhoka gore noka e tokafadiwe kgotsa e dirwe kanale gore e kgone go tsamaya.

Mo karolong nngwe ya ngwaga dinoka tseno di kgona go tsamaisiwa go fitlha kwa Gambela, kwa Ethiopia, le kwa Wau, kwa South Sudan.

Metswedi

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  1. ↑ Elsanabary, Mohamed Helmy Mahmoud Moustafa (2012), Teleconnection, Modeling, Climate Anomalies Impact and Forecasting of Rainfall and Streamflow of the Upper Blue Nile River Basin, Canada: University of Alberta, doi:10.7939/R3377641M, hdl:10402/era.28151
  2. ↑ The New American Cyclopaedia: A Popular Dictionary of General Knowledge, Volume 12. 1867. p. 362. Archived from the original on 30 March 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
  3. ↑ Dumont, Henri J. (2009). The Nile: Origin, Environments, Limnology and Human Use. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 344–345. ISBN 9781402097263. Archived from the original on 30 March 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2023.
  4. ↑ Penn, James R. (2001). Rivers of the World: A Social, Geographical, and Environmental Sourcebook. ABC-CLIO. p. 299. ISBN 9781576070420. Archived from the original on 30 March 2023. Retrieved 30 March 2023
  5. ↑ McLeay, cam (2 July 2006). "The truth about the source of R. Nile". New Vision. Archived from the original on 9 April 2011. Retrieved 4 April 2011
  6. ↑ "Nile River". Archived from the original on 10 January 2007. Retrieved 5 February 2011
  7. ↑ "Team reaches Nile's 'true source'". BBC News. 31 March 2006. Archived from the original on 1 June 2013. Retrieved 4 April 2011.
  8. ↑ vanden Bossche, J.-P.; Bernacsek, G. M. (1990). Source Book for the Inland Fishery Resources of Africa, Issue 18, Volume 1. Food and Agriculture Organization, United Nations. p. 291. ISBN 92-5-102983-0. Retrieved 4 January 2016.
  9. ↑ Holland, Hereward (8 May 2009). "Uganda To Increase Capacity of Electricity Project". Reuters. Archived from the original on 19 April 2014. Retrieved 18 April 2014.
  10. ↑ Wacha, Joe (29 October 2011). "Uganda Oil Money to Finance Karuma Power Project". Uganda Radio Network Online. Archived from the original on 19 April 2014. Retrieved 18 April 2014.
  11. ↑ The Indian Journal of International Law: Official Organ of the Indian Society of International Law. M.K. Nawaz. 1980. p. 398. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2017
  12. ↑ The Arabic word baḥr (بحر) can refer to either a sea or a large rive
  13. ↑ Garstin, William Edmund; Cana, Frank Richardson (1911). "Nile" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 19 (11th ed.). pp. 692–699
  14. ↑ "Southern Sudan Bahr al-Jabal State changes name". Sudan Tribune. 16 April 2006. Archived from the original on 4 October 2017. Retrieved 4 October 2017
  15. ↑ Parsons, Ellen C. (1905). Christus Liberator: An Outline Study of Africa. Macmillan Company. p. 7. Retrieved 5 October 2017
  16. ↑ The Source of the Nile: Rwenzori Mountains National Park, 16 June 2010, archived from the original on 3 August 2020, retrieved 20 August 2020
  17. ↑ The Source of the Nile: Rwenzori Mountains National Park, 16 June 2010, archived from the original on 3 August 2020, retrieved 20 August 2020
  18. ↑ "Nile River (Mountain) | Waterbodies.org". www.waterbodies.org. Archived from the original on 21 October 2020. Retrieved 20 August 2020
  19. ↑ Parsons, Ellen C. (1905). Christus Liberator: An Outline Study of Africa. Macmillan Company. p. 7. Retrieved 5 October 2017
  20. ↑ Shahin, Mamdouh (1985). Hydrology of the Nile Basin. Elsevier. p. 40. ISBN 9780444424334. Archived from the original on 5 October 2017. Retrieved 5 October 2017.
  21. ↑ "Sobat River". Encyclopædia Britannica (Online Library ed.). Retrieved 21 January 2008
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