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Notre Dame Gate

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Kgoro ya Notre Dame, e e itsiweng gape jaaka Kgoro ya Notre Dame ya Mohau (Setaliana: Porta della Maria Vergine delle Grazie), Kgoro ya

Notre Dame Gate
View of the Notre Dame Gate
General information
StatusIntact
TypeCity gate
Architectural styleBaroque
LocationCottonera, Malta
Coordinates35°52′49.3″N 14°31′45.6″E / 35.880361°N 14.529333°E / 35.880361; 14.529333Coordinates: 35°52′49.3″N 14°31′45.6″E / 35.880361°N 14.529333°E / 35.880361; 14.529333
Current tenantsFondazzjoni Wirt Artna
Completed1675
Design and construction
OwnerGovernment of Malta
ArchitectRomano Carapecchia,[1] built as part of the Cottonera Lines attributed to military engineer Mederico Blondel des Croisettes[2]

Cottonera, Kgoro ya Żabbar (Se-Malta: Il-Mina ta' Ħażte-Żabbar) kgotsa Bieb is-Sultan (ka Se-Malta ke kgoro e kgolo ya Ganes'). kwa Kotonera, kwa Meleta. Heke e ne e agilwe ka 1675 ka mokgwa wa Baroque, mme ga jaana e dirisiwa jaaka ntlokgolo ya mokgatlho wa boswa wa Fondazzjoni Wirt Artna.

Go agiwa ga Mela ya Cottonera go ne ga simolola ka Phatwe 1670, fa go ne go na le poifo ya gore Ottoman e tla tlhasela morago ga go wa ga Candia. Kgoro ya Notre Dame e agilwe ka 1675 jaaka kgoro e kgolo ya mela, mme moakanyetso wa yona o amana le Romano Carapecchia[3]kgotsa Mederico Blondel.[4]Kgoro e mo teng ga Lesiro la Notre Dame, fa gare ga Notre Dame le St. E kwa ntlheng e e kwa godimo ya lefelo la Cottonera, mme marulelo a yone a ne a dirisiwa go fetisa matshwao fa gare ga Valletta le diphemelo tsa lebopo kwa karolong e e kwa botlhaba jwa Malta.[5]Kgoro e ne e sireleditswe kwa tshimologong ke mosele wa marothodi le tenaille.[6]

Kgoro e ne ya nna e dirisiwa mo dingwageng tsotlhe tsa puso ya ga Hospitaller, Fora le Borithane. Kgoro e ne ya dira ka iketlo jaaka tlaleletso ya Bookelo jwa Sesole jwa Cottonera (jo jaanong e leng St. Edward's College) morago ga go agiwa ga yone ka 1870. Masole a mantsi a a gobetseng a ne a nna mo teng ga kgoro ka Ntwa ya Lefatshe I.[7]

Mosele wa heke o ne wa tladiwa mme borogo jo bo gogwang jwa tlosiwa nako nngwe morago ga dingwaga tsa bo 1930,[8] fa tenaille e ne ya thubiwa.[9]Kgoro e ne ya senngwa ke go bomiwa ke dibomo ka nako ya Ntwa ya Lefatshe II, fa nngwe ya diboloko tsa matlo a a bapileng le yone e ne e itewa ka tlhamalalo.[10]

Mo tshimologong ya lekgolo la dingwaga la bo 21, Kgoro ya Notre Dame e ne ya fetisediwa kwa Letloleng la Boswa la Malta, Fondazzjoni Wirt Artna, le le neng la fudusetsa diofisi tsa lone tse dikgolo kwa karolong e e kwa godimo ya kgoro kwa bokhutlong jwa 2005.[11] Motheo o sale o dirile ditiro di le mmalwa tsa go tsosolosa dikarolo tsa kgoro,[12] e jaanong e buletsweng setšhaba gangwe mo bekeng.[13]

Kgoro e ne ya akarediwa mo Lenaaneng la Dilo tsa Bogologolo la 1925, mmogo le Mela e mengwe yotlhe ya Cottonera.[14] Jaanong e rulaganyeditswe go nna sefikantswe sa bosetšhaba sa Mophato wa 1, mme gape e kwadilwe mo Lenaaneng la Bosetšhaba la Dithoto tsa Setso tsa Ditlhaketlhake tsa Malta.[15]

Kgoro ya Notre Dame e agilwe ka setaele sa Baroque, mme e na le maemo a le matlhano, mme e akaretsa diphaposi tse di ka fa tlase ga lefatshe, diboloko tse pedi tsa matlo a sesole, le sebopego se se kwa godimo se se nang le ntlo ya kgoro e e agilweng mo maemong a mabedi, foranteng le bogodimo jwa matshwao. Facade ya sefikantswe e kgabisitswe ka dipilara tsa Korintha, mme e na le phanele e nang le sekgele sa matsoho se potapotileng setshwantsho sa boronse sa Monghadi e Moholo Nicolas Cotoner le polaka ya mmabole e nang le mokwalo wa Selatine.[16]

Setshwantsho se ne sa latlhelwa ke Pietro Sances wa Messina ka dingwaga tsa bo 1670, mme se tsewa jaaka nngwe ya ditiro tsa botaki tse di botlhokwa thata ka boronse kwa Malta. Ka nako ya fa Mafora a ne a gapa Malta, setshwantsho seno se ne sa tsewa ke Mafora e le thopo ya ntwa, mme se ne sa busediwa kwa Malta ke Maesemane. Go ne ga nna le maiteko mangwe a a paletsweng a go utswa setshwantsho seno ka dingwaga tsa bo 1960, mme se ne sa busediwa fa gare ga 2004 le 2008.[17]

  1. Romano Fortunato Carrapecchia (1668-1738). Front elevation of Notre Dame de la Grace gate in the Cottonera fortifications, Malta. The Courtyard Gallery. London: UK.
  2. "Gateways that have vanished: Porta Sant'Anna, Floriana & Porta Haynduieli, Cottonera". The Malta Independent. 29 April 2014. http://www.independent.com.mt/articles/2014-04-29/arts-and-culture/gateways-that-have-vanished-porta-santanna-floriana-and-porta-haynduieli-cottonera-4786126848/. Retrieved 7 October 2016.
  3. "Notre Dame de la Grace Gate – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2016.
  4. "Open day at Bieb is-Sultan". Times of Malta. 30 October 2004. Archived from the original on 21 September 2016.
  5. "Explore Notre Dame Gate" (PDF). Fondazzjoni Wirt Artna. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2016.
  6. "Notre Dame de la Grace Gate – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2016.
  7. "Explore Notre Dame Gate" (PDF). Fondazzjoni Wirt Artna. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2016.
  8. Galea Debono, Fiona (3 June 2008). "Bieb is-Sultan gets its king back". Times of Malta. Archived from the original on 20 September 2016.
  9. "Notre Dame de la Grace Gate – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2016.
  10. "Explore Notre Dame Gate" (PDF). Fondazzjoni Wirt Artna. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2016.
  11. "Cotoner bronze restoration completed". Times of Malta. 17 December 2006. Archived from the original on 21 September 2016.
  12. "Historic Notre Dame Gate apertures being restored". Times of Malta. 19 October 2006. Archived from the original on 7 April 2015.
  13. "Explore Notre Dame Gate" (PDF). Fondazzjoni Wirt Artna. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2016.
  14. "Protection of Antiquities Regulations 21st November, 1932 Government Notice 402 of 1932, as Amended by Government Notices 127 of 1935 and 338 of 1939". Malta Environment and Planning Authority. Archived from the original on 19 April 2016
  15. "Notre Dame de la Grace Gate – Cottonera Lines" (PDF). National Inventory of the Cultural Property of the Maltese Islands. 28 June 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 19 August 2016.
  16. "Explore Notre Dame Gate" (PDF). Fondazzjoni Wirt Artna. Archived from the original (PDF) on 21 September 2016.
  17. Galea Debono, Fiona (3 June 2008). "Bieb is-Sultan gets its king back". Times of Malta. Archived from the original on 20 September 2016.