Old Location
Old Location (kgotsa jaaka go ne go itsewe pele e le Main Location) e ne e le lefelo le le neng le seegeletswe kwa thoko batho bantsho ba Windhoek, toropokgolo ya Namibia. E kwa lefelong le le fa gare ga Hochland Park le Pioneers Park.
Ditso
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Fa lefelo le le tlhodiwa ka 1912 ke khansele ya Windhoek, batho bantstho botlhe ba dikaolo tse dingwe tsa toropo ba ne ba fudusediwa kwa Main Location. Morago ga ngwaga, ditsela di ne tsa alwa ga nna le kgaoganyo ya merafe ya batho bantsho, morafe mongwe le mongwe o patelediwa go nna mo lefelong le le pharologanyo. Tsamaiso ya lefelo leo e ne ya kgaoganngwa batho bantsho ba bannang mo lefelong leo le batho basweu ba ba nnang go sele.
Lefelo le le ne le na le sekolo sa kereke ya St. Barnabas Anglican, sekolo se se neng se tsenwa ke palo ya baithuti ba maemo, ba akaretsa Clemens Kapuuo, Sam Nujoma, Mburumba Kerina, Tjama Tjivikua le Kuaima Riruako. Sekolo se se sentswe fa Old Location a tswalelwa batho bantsho.[1]
Tsuologo ya Old Location
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Tse di diragetseng pele
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Morago ga ntwa ya ntlha ya mafatshe, lekgotla la League of Nations le ne la neela South West Africa, e e neng e le kolone ya Germany pele, lefatshe la United Kingdom e le tumalano mo setlhogong sa Aforika Borwa.[2] Fa National party e fenya ditlhopho tsa Aforika Borwa tsa ngwaga wa 1948 e simolodisa molao wa tlhaolele,[3] melao e e ne ya atolosediwa kwa South West Africa e e neng e le kgaolo ya Aforika Borwa.[4]
Ka dingwaga tsa 1950, mmasepala wa Windhoek le batsamaisi ba Aforika Borwa ba kolone ba ne ba tsaya tshwetso ya go fudusa banni ba main Location ka dikgoka, dikhilomithara di robabobedi go ya kwa bokone jwa toropokgolo, se se gwetlha ba ba fudusiwang go fa lefelo le lešha Katutura (ka puo ya Otjiherero go tewa: lefelo le re sa bantleng go nna kwa go lone).[5]
Bontsi jwa banni ba ne ba sa batle go fuduga ka mabaka a a farologaneng: ba ne ba na le lefatshe kwa Old Location fa ko Katutura gone lefatshe lotlhe e ne e le la mmasepala. Ditsha tse di neng di abiwa kwa Kututura di ne di le dinnye go feta tsa Old location, se se baka go tlhoka go nna le ditshimo. Banni ba bantsho gape ba ne ba sena itsholelo epe e e kalo, ka jaanong ba ne ba tshwanela go duela mmasepala madi a phiriso, ebile ba tlhoka base go ya ditirong kwa toropong, fa kwa Old Location gone ba ne ba tsamaya ka dinao.[6]
Kganyaolo ya Old Location, Windhoek
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Phathi e ntšha ya SWANU, mo nngweng ya dikganyaolo tsa yone tsa ntlha, e ne ya rulaganya mogwanto wa baagi, o o neng wa simolola ka Morule a le lesome ngwaga wa 1959. Mapodisi a ne a thuntsha ba ba neng ba gwanta ka ntlha ya go gwanta le go gana ditirelo tsa mmasepala, ba bolaya batho ba le lesome le motso, ba golafatsa ba le masome mane le bone. Dingaka kwa dipateleng tsa Windhoek ba ne ba gana go alafa ba ba golafetseng, ba ba bolelela gore ba ye United Nations go bona kalafi ka ke balwetsi ba polotiki.[7]Le ntswa se se supiwa ke ba ba boneng ba le bantsi, gareng ga bone go na le Sam Nujoma, tautona wa ntlha wa Namibia o o buang ka tiragalo e mo bukeng ya botshelo jwa gagwe ya Where Others Wavered, e ganeditswe. Hannes Smith o ne a baka ketsaetsego ka ngwaga wa 2003, a re ke maaka.[8]
Banni ba ka nna dikete di le tharo go tsena di le nne ba ne ba tshaba kwa lefelong leo ba gana go boela kwa go lone, ba tshaba go tshwarwa ke mapodise. Tsuologo ya Old location, jaaka e ne ya bidiwa, e ne e le selelo sa go ipusa ga Namibia go fitlehelela lefatshe le ipusa ka Mopitlo ngwaga wa 1990, dingwaga di le masome a mararo le motso morago.[9][10] Ke nngwe ya ditiragalo tse di bakileng go tlhamiwa ga lekgotla la SWAPO[11][12] ka go pateletsa baeteledipele ba mo setšhabeng go tswa kwa Ovamboland People's Organization go tshaba, ba akaretsa Sam Nujoma.[5] Gongwe gape ke lengwe la mabaka a gore SWAPO e bo e sa nna le seabe se s kalo mo go ikueleng le go gana, le go dira selelo sa boipuso ntwa.[13]
Tsuologo ya Old Location ke lebaka la kitsiso ya Morule a le lesome, letsatsi la ditshwanelo tsa setho, letsatsi la boikhutso la Namibia.
Go fetogela kwa Katutura
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Go fetogela kwa Katutura go tsere dingwaga di le mmalwa. ka ngwaga wa 1962, batho ba ka nna dikete di le supa ba ne ba fudusiwa, ba kopana le ba Ovambo ba ba dikete pedi ba ba neng ba setse ba nna koo.[14]
Ka ngwaga wa 1968, motse wa Old Location o ne wa tswalwa, batho basweu ba simolola go itshetlela.
Banni ba tlhwatlhwa
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- Joseph Odgeb Jimmy, moemedi wa lefatshe ko lefatsheng le sele[15]
- Anna Mungunda, mogaka wa Namibia, mmereki wa legae o o bolailweng mo tsuologong ya 1959[16]
Metswedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- ↑ Gewald, Jan-Bart (September 2004). "Who Killed Clemens Kapuuo?" (PDF). Journal of Southern African Studies. 30 (3): 561. doi:10.1080/0305707042000254100. hdl:1887/4851. ISSN 0305-7070. S2CID 146448312.
- ↑ Eerikäinen, Marjo (14 July 2008). "The South Africa Mandate 1915-1989". Vantaa. Archived from the original on 18 July 2011. Retrieved 06 October 2025.
- ↑ "Formation of the South African Republic". South Africa History Online. Retrieved 06 October 2025.
- ↑ "Namibia: Apartheid, resistance and repression (1945-1966)". Electoral Institute for the Sustainability of Democracy in Africa. August 2009. Archived from the original on 20 April 2011. Retrieved 06 October 2025.
- 1 2 Dierks, Klaus. "History of Namibia, 1959". klausdierks.com. Retrieved 06 October 2025
- ↑ "Onafhanklikheid ook Ou Lokasie se vrug" [Independence also a result of Old Location]. Die Republikein (in Afrikaans). 16 December 2011. Archived from the original on 7 March 2016. Retrieved 06 October 2025
- ↑ Dierks, Klaus. "BIOGRAPHIES OF NAMIBIAN PERSONALITIES (Entry for Schimming-Chase, Nora)". Retrieved 06 October 2025.
- ↑ Nujoma's war of words with editor in the Mail & Guardian, 30 August 2003
- ↑ History of Old Location and Katutura NamibWeb.com
- ↑ Forced Removal from Old Location Archived 2011-06-08 at the Wayback Machine Vantaa.fi
- ↑ Peter N. Stearns and William Leonard Langer. The Encyclopedia of World History: Ancient, Medieval, and Modern, Chronologically Arranged, 2001. Page 1070.
- ↑ Moorsom, Richard (April 1979). "Labour Consciousness and the 1971-72 Contract Workers Strike in Namibia". Development and Change. 10 (2): 205–231. doi:10.1111/j.1467-7660.1979.tb00041.x.
- ↑ Reginald Herbold Green (ed.). "Namibia". Encyclopædia Britannica. Retrieved 06 October 2025.
- ↑ "Die Bewohner von Katutura" [The inhabitants of Katutura]. Allgemeine Zeitung (in German). 15 August 1962.
- ↑ Mvula ya Nangolo: Joseph Jimmy: freedom fighter and bridge builder The Namibian, 6 February 2004
- ↑ Angula, Nahas (10 December 2010). "Old location massacre: the spark that ignited the struggle for national independence". Speeches of the Prime Minister. Government of Namibia. Archived from the original on 29 November 2012.