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Polao ya batho ba le bantsi kwa Haiti ya 1804

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Mokwalo ka Manuel López López go tlhalosa tiro ya ga Bonapartist pamphleteer Louis Dubroca (1757-1835), Vida de J. J. Dessalines, gefe de los negros de Santo Domingo, 1806. Pamphleteer ya moFora Louis Dubroca, morati mogolo wa ga Napoleon, o ne a sika ditiro tse go nyenyafatsa batlhabani ba mmala mo matlhong a setshaba sa ditoropo.

Polao ya batho ba le bantsi kwa Haiti ka 1804, e gape e bidiwang polao ya semorafe ya Haiti,[1][2][3] e ne ya dirwa ke masole a Afro-Haiti, ba bontsi jwa bone e neng e le makgoba a pele, ka fa tlase ga ditaelo tsa ga Jean-Jacques Dessalines[4] kgatlhanong le bontsi jwa baagi ba Yuropa ba ba neng ba setse kwa Haiti, ba bontsi jwa bone ba neng ba akaretsa batho ba Fora.[5][6] Phetogo ya Haiti e ne ya fenya sesole sa Fora ka Ngwanatsele 1803 mme Kitsiso ya Boipuso ya Haiti e ne ya diragala ka Firikgong a rogwa 1804.[7] Go tloga ka Tlhakole 1804[8] go fitlha ka Moranang a le masome mabedi le bobedi 1804, batho ba ba magareng ga dikete di le tharo le tse supa ba ne ba bolawa.[8]

Polao e ne e sa akaretse Ba-Legionnaires ba Poland ba ba neng ba falotse, ba ba neng ba dule mo lekaleng la Fora go ya go nna le kamano le MaAforika a a neng a dirilwe makgoba, mmogo le Majeremane ba ba neng ba sa tseye karolo mo kgwebong ya makgoba, le basweu bangwe ba ba tlhophilweng. Go na le moo ba ne ba newa boagi jo bo tletseng ka fa tlase ga molaotheo, le fa Dessalines a ne a boletse gore batho botlhe ba Haiti ba tla tsewa e le "bantsho".[9]

Nicholas Robins, Adam Jones le Dirk Moses ba dumela gore dipolao e ne e le "polao ya merafe e e kgaphetseng kwa tlhoko", e mo go yone setlhopha se se gateletsweng se dirisang mekgwa ya polao go senya bagateledi ba sone.[10][11] Philippe Girard o akanyetsa matshosetsi a go tlhaselwa gape le go busediwa ga bokgoba jaaka mangwe a mabaka a polao eno.[12]

Go ralala tshimologo le magare a ngwagakgolo wa lesome le boferabongwe, ditiragalo tsa polao e di ne di itsege thata kwa Amerika. Mo godimo ga moo, batshabi ba le bantsi ba Saint Dominican ba ne ba fuduga go tswa kwa Saint-Domingue ba ya kwa Amerika, ba nna kwa New Orleans, Charleston, New York, Baltimore le kwa ditoropong tse dingwe tse di kwa lotshitshing la lewatle. Ditiragalo tseno di ne tsa tsosa poifo ya dikhuduego tse di ka nnang teng kwa borwa jwa Amerika mme gape di ne tsa tlhakatlhakanya maikutlo a setshaba ka kgang ya go fedisiwa ga bokgoba.[13][14]

Metswedi

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  1. ↑ Girard (2005a), pp. 158–159. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a supa ka 2025.
  2. ↑ Moses & Stone (2013), p. 63. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a supa ka 2025.
  3. ↑ Forde (2020), p. 40. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a supa ka 2025.
  4. ↑ Gaffield, Julia (26 January 2016). "Dessalines Reader, 29 February 1804". Haiti and the Atlantic World. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a supa ka 2025.
  5. ↑ Rogers (2010), p. 353. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a supa ka 2025.
  6. ↑ Orizio (2001), pp. 149, 157–159. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a supa ka 2025.
  7. ↑ Sutherland, Claudia (16 July 2007). "Haitian Revolution (1791–1804)". Blackpast.org. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a supa ka 2025.
  8. ↑ 8.0 8.1 Girard (2011), pp. 319–322. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a supa ka 2025.
  9. ↑ Girard (2011), p. 325. E nopotswe Seetebosigo a supa ka 2025.
  10. ↑ Robins, Nicholas A.; Jones, Adam, eds. (2009). Genocides by the Oppressed: Subaltern Genocide in Theory and Practice. Indiana University Press. p. 3. ISBN 978-0-2532-2077-6. The Great Rebellion and the Haitian slave uprising are two examples of what we refer to as 'subaltern genocide': cases in which subaltern actors—those objectively oppressed and disempowered—adopt genocidal strategies to vanquish their oppressors. See also: Jones, Adam (2013). "Subaltern genocide: Genocides by the oppressed". The Scourge of Genocide: Essays and Reflections. With Nicholas Robins. Routledge. p. 169. ISBN 978-1-1350-4715-3.
  11. ↑ Klävers (2019), p. 110.
  12. ↑ Girard (2005a). E nopotswe Seetebosigo a supa ka 2025.
  13. ↑ Julius, Kevin C. (2004). The abolitionist decade, 1829–1838 : a year-by-year history of early events in the antislavery movement. Jefferson, N.C.: McFarland & Co. ISBN 0-7864-1946-6.[page needed]
  14. ↑ Marcotte, Frank B. (2005). Six days in April : Lincoln and the Union in peril. New York: Algora Publishing. p. 171. ISBN 0-8758-6313-2. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a supa ka 2025.
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