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Puo ya Selegae ya Seesemane sa MaAforika a Amerika

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Puo ya Selegae ya Seesemane sa MaAforika a Amerika[a][1] (AAVE)b[2] ke mefuta e e farologaneng ya Seesemane se se buiwang ka tlhago, segolo thata mo metsesetoropong, ke bontsi jwa batho ba maAforika a Amerika ba ba berekang le ba maemo a bogare le bangwe ba bantsho ba Canada.[3] E na le dikarolo tsa yone tse di kgethegileng tsa thutapuo, mokwalo le mafoko, AAVE e dirisiwa ke batho ba bantsho ba maemo a bogare e le e e seng ya semmusoebile e le go sa tsewe tsiya ga tswelelopele ya puo ya loago. Le fa go ntse jalo, mo maemong a go bua a semmuso, dibui di na le mokgwa wa go fetogela kwa thutong e e tlwaelesegileng ya Seesemane le mafoko, gantsi mme ba ntse ba boloka dikarolo tsa puo ya Selegae (e e seng ya maemo a a tlwaelesegileng).[4][5] AAVE e aname go ralala Amerika, mme ga se puo ya selegae ya MaAforika otlhe a Amerika, e bile babui botlhe ba yone ga se baAforika ba Amerika.[6][7]

Jaaka mefuta e mentsi ya Seesemane sa MaAforika a Amerika, Seesemane sa Seaforika sa Amerika sa selegae se abelana karolo e kgolo ya thutapuo le medumopuo ya sone le dipuo tsa kgaolo tsa Borwa jwa Amerika,[8] mme segolobogolo Seesemane sa bogologolo sa Amerika Borwa,[9] ka ntlha ya go ditso tsa go dirwa makgoba ga MaAforika a a Amerika segolobogolo mo kgaolong eo.

Boradipuo ba ba tlwaelesegileng ba bona setshwano se sennye fa gare AAVE, dipuo tsa Aforika Bophirima, le dipuo tsa Se-Creole tse di theilweng mo Seesemaneng,[10][11][12][13] go na le moo ba latedisa AAVE ka tlhamalalo go ya kwa dipuong tse di farologaneng tse di sa tlwaelesegang tsa Seesemane[14] jaaka di buiwa ke baagedi ba ba buang Seesemane kwa dikoloneng tsa Borwa le moragonyana ke ba Borwa jwa Amerika.[15] Le fa go ntse jalo, bonnye jwa baitseanape ba puo ba nganga gore puo ya selegae e na le ditshwano tse dintsi le dipuo tsa se-creole tsa Aforika tse di buiwang lefatshe ka bophara mo e leng gore e ka tswa e simolotse e le puo ya se-creole kgotsa ya semi-creole, e e farologaneng le puo ya Seesemane, pele ga e latlhegelwa ke bo-creole.[16][17][18]

Metswedi

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]
  1. ↑ Also known as Black English, Black Vernacular English, Black English Vernacular, African-American English, or occasionally Ebonics (a colloquial, controversial term). 1
  2. ↑ AAVE is pronounced as an initialism ("A-A-V-E"), /ˈɑːveɪ/, or /æv/. Tamasi, Susan; Antieau, Lamont (2015). Language and Linguistic Diversity in the US: An Introduction. Routledge. p. 146. ISBN 978-0-415-80667-1. Gordon, Matthew J. (2013). Labov: A Guide for the Perplexed. Bloomsbury. p. 215. ISBN 978-1-4411-5852-9.
  3. ↑ Edwards (2004), p. 383. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a marataro ka 2025.
  4. ↑ Rickford (2015), pp. 302, 310.
  5. ↑ Spears (2015).[1]
  6. ↑ Wheeler (1999), p. 55.
  7. ↑ "Do you speak American?: African American English". PBS. E nopotswe ka Seetebosigo a le malatsi a marataro ka 2025.
  8. ↑ McWhorter (2001), p. 179.
  9. ↑ Thomas (2006), pp. 16, 19–20.
  10. ↑ Wardhaugh (2002), p. 341.
  11. ↑ Poplack (2000), p. ?.
  12. ↑ Poplack & Tagliamonte (2001), p. ?.
  13. ↑ See Howe & Walker (2000) for more information
  14. ↑ The Oakland school board's resolution "was about a perfectly ordinary variety of English spoken by a large and diverse population of Americans of African descent. . . . [E]ssentially all linguists agree that what the Oakland board was dealing with is a dialect of English."Pullum (1997)
  15. ↑ McWhorter (2001), pp. 162, 182.
  16. ↑ Mufwene (2001:29) and Bailey (2001:55), both citing Stewart (1964), Stewart (1969), Dillard (1972), and Rickford (1997a).
  17. ↑ Smith & Crozier (1998), pp. 113–114.
  18. ↑ Linguists in favor of the "creole hypothesis" of African-American Vernacular English include creolists William Stewart, John Dillard, and John Rickford.
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