Semane Setlhoko Khama
| Semane Setlhoko Khama | |
|---|---|
| Mohumagadi (queen or queen mother) of the BaNgwato of the Bechuanaland Protectorate | |
| Setshwantsho:Semane Setlhoko Khama.png Semane in 1933 | |
| Tsalo | Semane daughter of Setlhoko 1881 Tswapong Hills, Botswana |
| Leso | 1937 |
| Spouse | Khama III |
| Mathata | Bonyerile Tshekedi khama |
| Tiro | Educator, modern medicine advocate |
Semane Setlhoko Khama (yo o tshotsweng ka ngwaga wa 1881, a tlhokafala ka 1937) e ne e le mohumagadi wa Bangwato kwa Bechuanaland Protectorate. A tsene sekolo kwa sekolong sa borongwa, o ne a nna morutabana ya re a sena go nyalwa ke Khama III a tswelela ka go rotloetsa thutego ya Bangwato. E le mmueledi wa melemo ya sešha, o ne a nna le seabe mo go tsiseng pelegiso ya sesha mo kgaolong. Jaaka Mokeresete wa tlhwatlhwa, o rotloeditse go nna le seabe ga basadi mo kerekeng le mokgatlho wa basadi ba Bakeresete wa Woman's Christian Temperance Union.
Botshelo jwa a le mmotlana
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Semane, morwadia Setlhoko[1] o tshotswe ka 1882 kwa kgaolong e dithaba tsa Tswapong di kopanang le letšha la noka ya Limpopo teng. E ne e le kokomane ya Babirwa le BaSeleka, ba e neng e le malata a Bangwato.[2] O tsene sekolo sa borongwa, a rutiwa ke Alice Young wa London Missionary Society.[3] Sekolo se se tlhamilwe kwa Phalatswe ka ngwaga wa 1894, e le thuto ya ntlha ya semmuso go neelwa Bangwato. Baithuti ba ne ba rutiwa dipalo, maranyane a selegae, go tshwantsha, popego ya lefatshe, kopelo, go bala, go roka le go kwala.[4] Fa Young a tsamaya ka ngwaga wa 1898, o ne a tlhatlhamiwa ke Ella Sharp, o a neng a eteletse pele sekolo se le se sengwe.[5] Go tswa fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le borataro, Semane o ne a thusa Young mo go ruteng kopelo le go roka, fa a tla go fetsa go ithutela borutabana, o ne a kgona go ruta dithuto tsotlhe tse di neng di rutiwa kwa sekolong.[5]
Botshelo jwa gagwe moragonyana
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Le ntswa e ne ele e seng mang, ebile a sa ratiwe ke Bangwato ba le bantsi ka ntlha ya maemo a gagwe, Semane o ne a tlhophilwe ke Bessie Ratshosa go nyalwa ke rraagwe Khama III. Ratshosa o ne a tlhophile Semane ka go bo a ne a le boikanyego mo go ruteng le mo SeKereseteng, a dumela fa a tlaa nna sekao mo basading ba Bangwato. Khama o ne a setse a kile a nyala ga raro, a tlhadile mosadi o mongwe, mme a tlhokafaletswe ke ba le babedi. Ka ngwaga wa 1900, Semane o ne a nna mosadi wa gagwe wa bone, ba nna le bana ba le batlhano, mme ke ba le babedi fela ba ba kgonneng go tshela, morwadia bone Bonyerile le morwa Tshekedi.[2]
Semane o ne a tswelela ka go ruta baithuti kwa sekolong se se neng se eteletswe pele ke Sharp kwa Serowe le sekolo sa kgotla.[5] Mongwe wa baithuti, Seretse Khama,[5] morago o ne a nna tautona wa Botswana.[6] Ke mongwe wa basadi ba ntlha ba ba rutegileng go gwetlha tlhabologo ya thuto mo Bangwatong ba bo ba nna le seabe se segolo mo thutong ya Botswana.[5] Jaaka mmueledi wa melemo ya sesha, o tsere karolo mo go anamiseng bobelegisi mo Bangwatong.[7]
Semane le Khama III, jaaka Bakeresete, ba ne ba rotloetsa tumelo ya bone mo Bangwatong, ba leka go dira gore go nwa bojalwa e nne tlolo molao.[8] Jaaka motiakone wa mme yo mogolo mo kerekeng, o ne a gwetlha basadi go tsena kereke, a ba ruta go nna barutuntshi mo basading ba bangwe le bana.[2] Monna wa gagwe o tlhokafetse ka ngwaga wa 1923, a tlhatlhamiwa ke morwaagwe Sekgoma II, ngwana wa lenyalo la ntlha fa a nyetse Mma-Besi.[8] Le ntswa a ne a sala mo ntlong ya bogosi, maemo a gagwe a ne a se kalo. Fa Sekgoma a lwala, o ne a nna mooki, le ntswa seo se ne sa baka kgotlhang e nngwe, ka bokgaitsadie ba ne ba batla phodiso ya dingaka tsa setso eseng tsa Sekgoa.[9] Fa a tlhokafala ka ngwaga wa 1925, Semane o ne a supiwa ka monwana gore ke ene a bakileng loso lwa gagwe ka go mo jesa botlhole le go mo lowa, mme a falola go bolawa.[9][10]
Morwa Semane, Tshekedi, e se ka keletso ya ga mmaagwe, o ne a retelelwa ke go fetsa sekolo, ka a ne a bilediwa kwa lwapeng ke bagolo ba motse go tla go tshwarelela Seretse ngwana wa ga Sekgoma bogosi. O ne a solofetse gore o tlaa kgona go fetsa sekolo pele ga a tshwarelela bogosi.[9] Mo pusong ya gagwe, o ne a simolola go ratiwa ke bontsi jwa batho, a nna le seabe se segolo mo go bueleleng basadi le go gwetlha go rutega ga bone.[9][11] Ka ngwaga wa 1930, o ne a tlhama kala ya lekgotla la basadi ba Bakeresete le le neng le bidiwa Women's Regiment of Beer, a rotloetsa morwae mo maitekong a gagwe a go emisa bojalwa. O ne a ema nokeng lenyalo la gagwe ka 1936 fa a nyala Bagakgametse, yo morago a tlaa lebisiwang molato wa go jesa Semane botlhole le go mo lowa mo go tlaa bakang loso lwa gagwe. Patlisiso e ne ya supa fa go ne go sena botlhole bope.[9]
Boswa
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Medi ya go tsaya karolo mo sepolotiking ga ditlhopha tsa basadi ba kereke mo Botswana go santse go ka thadisiwa kwa go Semane le thotloetso ya gagwe. [9]O gakologelwa e le mosimolodi wa tlhabologo ya thuto mo Botswana.[12]
Metswedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- ↑ Rutherford, John (2009). Little Giant of Bechuanaland: A Biography of William Charles Willoughby, Missionary and Scholar. Gaborone, Botswana: Botswana Society, Botswana National Archives and Records Services. ISBN 978-99912-488-1-3.
- 1 2 3 Van Allen, Judith Imel (2012). "Khama, Semane Setlhoko (1881-1937)". In Akyeampong, Emmanuel Kwaku; Gates, Henry Louis; Niven, Steven J. (eds.). Dictionary of African Biography. New York, New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 355–356. ISBN 978-0-19-538207-5.
- ↑ Mgadla, P. T. (1997). "Missionary Wives, Women and Education: The Development of Literacy among the Batswana 1840–1937" (PDF). Pula. 11 (1). Gaborone, Botswana: University of Botswana: 70–81. ISSN 0256-2316. Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 March 2016. Retrieved 02 October 2025
- ↑ Mgadla 1997, pp. 73–74.
- 1 2 3 4 5 Mgadla 1997, p. 75.
- ↑ Cook, Sue (22 July 2010). "Sir Seretse Khama - first President of Botswana". BBC – Radio 4 Making History. London: BBC Radio 4. Archived from the original on 29 July 2018. Retrieved 02 October 2025.
- ↑ Sheldon, Kathleen (2016). Historical Dictionary of Women in Sub-Saharan Africa (2nd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: Rowman & Littlefield. ISBN 978-1-4422-6293-5.
- 1 2 Van Allen 2012, pp. 355–356.
- 1 2 3 4 5 6 Van Allen 2012, p. 356.
- ↑ Ramsay, Jeff; Morton, Barry; Morton, Fred (1996). "Khama, Semane Setlhoko (1881-1937)". Historical Dictionary of Botswana. African Historical Dictionaries No. 70 (3rd ed.). Lanham, Maryland: Scarecrow Press. pp. 116-117. ISBN 0-8108-3143-0.
- ↑ Ramsay, Morton & Morton 1996, p. 116.
- ↑ Austin, Peter (2008). One Thousand Languages: Living, Endangered, and Lost. Berkeley, California: University of California Press. ISBN 978-0-520-25560-9.