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Tirelo ya Sepodisi sa Aforika Borwa

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Tempolete:Infobox law enforcement agencyTirelo ya Sepodisi sa Aforikaborwa ( SAPS ) ke sepodisi sa bosetšhaba sa Rephaboliki ya Aforikaborwa . Diteišene tsa yone tsa sepodisi di le 1,154 [1] mo Aforikaborwa di kgaogantswe go ya ka melelwane ya diporofense, mme go tlhomiwa Mokhomišenara wa Porofense mo porofenseng nngwe le nngwe. Bakomišenara ba Diporofense ba le robongwe ba begela Mokomišenara wa Bosetšhaba ka tlhamalalo . Kantorokgolo e mo Kagong ya Wachthuis kwa Pretoria .

Molaotheo wa Aforikaborwa o tlhagisa gore Tirelo ya Sepodisi sa Aforikaborwa e na le maikarabelo a go thibela, go lwantsha le go batlisisa bosenyi, go tlhokomela tolamo ya setšhaba, go sireletsa le go sireletsa baagi ba Rephaboliki le dithoto tsa bona, go tshegetsa le go diragatsa molao, go tlhama tikologo e e babalesegileng le e e sireletsegileng ya batho botlhe mo Aforikaborwa, go thibela sengwe le sengwe se se ka sireletsegang mo setšhabeng. ditlolomolao dipe tse di tshosetsang pabalesego kgotsa tshireletsego ya setšhaba sengwe le sengwe, go netefatsa gore dikebekwa di atlholwa le go tsaya karolo mo maitekong a go samagana le dilo tse di bakang bosenyi. [2]

Ka 2013, Amnesty International e ne ya tlhagisa matshwenyego ka ga bosetlhogo jwa mapodisi a Aforikaborwa, go akaretsa le pogiso le dipolao tse di sa atlholwang.

Hisetori

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Dingwaga tsa bokoloniale

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Tirelo ya Sepodisi sa Aforika Borwa e latedisa tshimologo ya yona kwa Dutch Watch, mokgatlho wa sesole o o neng wa tlhamiwa ke baagi kwa Porofenseng ya Kapa ka 1655 go sireletsa baagi le go tlhokomela molao le tolamo. Ka 1795, badiredi ba Borithane ba ne ba tsaya taolo mo Dutch Watch, mme ka 1825 ba tlhoma Cape Constabulary (e e neng ya nna Sepodisi sa Cape Town ka 1840). Ka 1854, go ne ga tlhongwa sepodisi kwa Durban se se neng se tla nna Sepodisi sa Durban Borough, mme ka 1935 sepodisi sa Toropo ya Durban (DCP). [3] Molao wa bo 3 wa 1855 o tlhomile Sepodisi sa Dibetsa le sa Dipitse sa Molelwane kwa Kapa Botlhaba, se se neng sa fetolwa go nna Bathunyi ba ba Palang Dipitse tsa Kapa ka 1878 .

Sepodisi sa Aforikaborwa ( SAP ) se ne sa tlhamiwa morago ga go tlhongwa ga Kopano ya Aforikaborwa ka 1910 . Dingwaga di le nne moragonyana, Mokgatlho wa Ditlhobolo tsa Dipitse o ne wa tlogela maikarabelo a one a setšhaba mo SAP ka bontsi jwa bathunyi ba yona ba ne ba tsamaya go ya go direla mo Ntweng ya Lefatshe ya Ntlha . SAP le sesole di ne tsa nna di na le kamano e e gaufi le fa SAP e sena go tsaya boikarabelo jwa leruri jwa molao le tolamo ya mo gae ka 1926. Gantsi badiredibagolo ba mapodise ba ne ba kopa sesole gore se ba tshegetse fa go ka nna le maemo a tshoganyetso. Ka nako ya Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya Bobedi, setlhopha se le sengwe sa SAP se ne sa direla le Lephata la 2 la Masole a a Tsamayang ka Dinao la Sesole sa Aforikaborwa mo Aforika Bokone .

Fa National Party (NP) e ne e fenya baganetsi ba yone ba ba neng ba gololesegile thata mo ditlhophong tsa naga ka bophara ka 1948, puso e ntšha e ne ya tlhoma molao o o neng wa nonotsha kamano fa gare ga mapodise le sesole. Morago ga moo mapodise a ne a tlhomela thata, segolobogolo fa a ne a lebane le boidiidi jo bo sa laolegeng kgotsa jo bo bobaba. Molao wa Sepodisi (No. 7) wa 1958 o ne wa atolosa thomo ya SAP go feta ditiro tse di tlwaelegileng tsa sepodisi, mme wa letla sepodisi go fedisa dikhuduego tsa baagi le go dira ditiro tsa go lwantsha botsuolodi. Molao wa Phetolo ya Sepodisi (No. 70) wa 1965 o ne o letla mapodisi go tshwara motho mongwe le mongwe, setshodi, koloi, sefofane, kgotsa lefelo le le mo sekgaleng sa maele e le nngwe go tswa kwa molelwaneng mongwe le mongwe wa bosetšhaba, le go tsaya sengwe le sengwe se se fitlhelwang kwantle ga lekwalo la go tshwara. Lefelo leno la go phuruphutsha le go gapa le ne la atolosiwa go fitlha kwa dimaeleng di le robedi go tswa kwa molelwaneng ope fela ka 1979 le kwa nageng yotlhe ka 1983.

Morago ga tlhaolele (1994–gompieno)

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Tona e ntšha ya Pabalesego le Tshireletsego, Sydney Mufamadi, o ne a bona thuso ya go katisa mapodisi go tswa kwa Zimbabwe, United Kingdom, le Canada mme a bolela gore go itshokelana ga merafe le ditshwanelo tsa batho go tla nna botlhokwa mo katisong ya mapodisi mo isagweng. Kwa bokhutlong jwa 1995, SAPS e ne e akareditse ditheo tse di lesome tsa sepodisi tsa dinagagae tsa pele, mme e ne e rulagantse sešwa mo maemong a bosetšhaba le a diporofense .

Yuniti ya Boithutatlhaloganyo jwa Dipatlisiso (IPU), e gape e bidiwang Karolo ya Boithutatlhaloganyo jwa Dipatlisiso (IPS), e ne ya tlhongwa ke moithutatlhaloganyo wa forensiki Micki Pistorius [4] ka 1996. Elmarie Myburgh e ne e le leloko le le simolotseng. Ka nako eo e ne e le karolo ya Yuniti ya Bosenyi jo bo Masisi le jwa Dikgoka, moragonyana e ne ya fudusediwa kwa Tirelong ya Matseka, mme go tloga ka Seetebosigo 2008 ya fudusediwa kwa Tirelong ya Direkoto tsa Bosenyi le Saense ya Forensiki (CRFSS). Ka nako eo, e ne e na le maloko a mararo fela mo maemong a ofisikgolo ya bosetšhaba, e eteletswe pele ke Gerard Labuschagne. [5]

Thulaganyo

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Patrol kwa Stellenbosch

Ntlokgolo ya Tirelo ya Sepodisi sa Aforika Borwa mo e e kwa Pretoria.

Go simolola ka Mopitlwe 2023, go ne go nale Batlatsa Komishinara Bosetjhaba, nngwe le nngwe e arogantswe ka mokgwa o o latelang:

  • Bopodisi:
    • Bopodisi jo bo Bonalang le Ditiro
    • Ditirelo tsa Tshireletso le Tshireletso
  • Go Lemoga Bosenyi:
    • Ditirelo tsa Matseka le tsa Forensiki
    • Botlhodi jwa Bosenyi
  • Ditirelo tsa Tshegetso
    • Botsamaisi jwa Badiri
    • Tlhabololo ya Badiri
    • Ditirelo tsa Semolao le tsa Pholisi
    • Ditirelo tsa Botsamaisi jwa Thekenoloji

Popego ya maemo

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Tsamaiso e nncha ya maemo a Sepodisi sa Aforika Borwa se amogetswe tirisong ka Moranang 2010. Phetogo e e bakile tlhakatlhakano ka maemo a a tshwanang le "mogenerala"le "mokolonele" ka ge a amangwa le sesole. Gape phetogo e e tshwana le tsamaiso e e neng e dirisiwa ke Sepodisi sa Aforika ka motsi wa tlaolele. Ka ngwaga wa 2009, Motlatsa Molaudi wa sepodisi Fikile Mbalula o boletse ka go fetola tsamaiso ya maemo ya sepodisi gore e tshwane le ya sesole. Se se tlhotse tlhakatlhakano go tswa go bao ba neng ba sa dumele gore sepodisi se dire jaaka sesole.

Tsamaiso ya maemo e ne ya baakanngwa ka 2016. Go ne ga tlhagisiwa seabe sa mokomišenara wa sepodisi sa kgaolo, ka maemo a molefothenente-generale. Maemo a magolo le a molefothenente a ne a fedisiwa, mme balefothenente ba tsaya maemo a mokapotene mme bagolo ba tsaya maemo a molefothenente.

Badiri ba bagolo ba ga jaana

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  Go simolola ka 2024 Mokomisinara Bosetjhaba ke Moleftenente Pharephare Sehlahle Fannie Masemola yo a thapilweng ka 31 Mopitlwe 2022. Leon Mbangwa ke Molebedi Mogolo wa badiri.

Porofaele ya mokgatlho wa SAPS

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Porofaele ya mokgatlho wa SAPS ( Mopitlwe 2023 )
Maemo Palo ya batlhankedi/badiri
Badiri ba Tona 30
Mokhomišenara wa Bosetšhaba (Kakaretso) 1
Motlatsamokhomišenara wa Bosetšhaba (Lt. Gen.) 4
Div. Bakhomišenara/Tlhogo ya Bosetšhaba/Motlatsa Nat. Tlhogo, botsamaisi jo bongwe jo bo kwa godimo (Lt. Gen.) 12
Bakhomišenara ba Diporofense (Lt. Gen.) 9
Mojenerale 156
Brigadier 623
Mokolonele 2,417
Molefetenente Mokolonele 975
Mokapotene 12 155
Batlhankedi ba ba sa tlhomiwang 123 896
Badiri ba Molao wa Tirelosetšhaba 34 226
Palogotlhe ya badiri 179 502
Maemo a sepodisi a Aforika Borwa: Batlhankedi ba ba Tlhomilweng
Letswele Botsamaisi jo bonnye
Maemo Mokolonele (Mokolonele) Molefetenente-Mokolonele (Lt-Colonele) Mokapotene
Letshwao
Maemo a sepodisi a Aforika Borwa : Batlhankedi ba ba sa tlhomiwang
Letswele Maemo a mangwe
Maemo Motlhankedi wa Waranti (WO) Sajene (Sgt) Lepodise (Lepodisi)
Letshwao

Metswedithuso

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Dikoloi

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Bofofane

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As of October 2023[update], with the arrival of a new helicopter, the SAPS Air Wing operates a fleet of 34 aeroplanes and helicopters. The Air Wing has about 50 pilots and 300 other personnel.[7]

Sekepe

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Setlhopha sa dikepe tsa SAPS Air Wing se na le: [8]Tempolete:Image frameTempolete:Post-start Tempolete:Post-header Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-header Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member Tempolete:Post-member |}

Ditlhobolo

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Batlhankedi ba Tirelo ya Sepodisi sa Aforikaborwa ka kakaretso ba tshotse tlhobolo ya Vektor Z88 9mm le seporei sa pepere . Koloi nngwe le nngwe ya paterolo gantsi e tsenngwa tlhobolo ya R5 . Go tima dikgoreletsi go dirisiwa ditlhobolo tse di farologaneng, go akaretsa le sethunya sa motšhini wa BXP, sethunya sa Musler 12 gauge (se se kgonang go thuntsha dikolo tsa rabara tse di lwantshang dikhuduego tse di mo dikhatritšheng tsa sethunya sa 12 bore se se tlwaelegileng), mmogo le gase e e ntshang dikeledi le dithunya tsa pensele. Sethunya sa R1 se gogilwe mo mabolokelong otlhe a dibetsa a sepodisi a a kwa pele fa e sale ka bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1990, mme se sa ntse se dirisiwa ke dikarolo tsa Setlhophatiro se se Kgethegileng . [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">go tlhokega nopolo</span> ]

Go tshwayatshwaya diphoso le dikganetsano

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Tsamaiso

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Fa e sa le mokomišenara wa ntlha wa Bosetšhaba wa Aforika Borwa wa temokerasi George Fivaz a tsamaya ka Ferikgong 2000, palo ya bakomišenara ba ba latelanang ba paletswe ke go wetsa paka e le nngwe mo maemong, bontsi jwa bone ba amega le go latofadiwa ka maitsholo a a sa siamang. [9] [10]

Kabo ya badiri e nnile le dikganetsano, ka babeamelao ba selegae ba botsa gore ke eng fa mafelo a a tlhokang thata didirisiwa tsa sepodisi a tlhokomologiwa. [11] Lefapha le ne la kgalwa ke Puso ya Kapa Bophirima ka go tlamela ka palo e e kwa tlase ya badiri (ba ba fetotsweng go ya ka palo ya batho) ka tlhaelo ya batlhankedi ba le 2,392, le fa le na le seelo se se kwa godimo sa dipolao. [12] Se e ne e le setlhogo sa Khomišene ya Khayelitsha ka 2012 .

Setlhogo le kgatelelo

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Mokgatlho wa Amnesty International o tlhagisitse matshwenyego mabapi le bosetlhogo jwa mapodisi, go akaretsa pogiso le dipolao tsa kwa ntle ga molao, mo Aforika Borwa. [13] [14] [15] Gape go nnile le matshwenyego ka mekgwa e e setlhogo ya go katisa mapodisi. [16] Go ya ka Peter Jordi go tswa kwa Wits Law Clinic "[Mapodisi] Pogiso e tswa mo taolong. E diragala gongwe le gongwe." Brandon Edmonds o nganga gore "Mapodisi a bolaya bahumanegi mo nageng eno." Dithutopatlisiso tse di ikemetseng di netefaditse gore SAPS e dirisitswe go gatelela megwanto ya kagiso. Ka Moranang 2009, SAPS e ne ya leka go thibela Letsatsi la Kgololesego [17] mme e ne ya amega mo go tshegetseng segopa sa ANC sa Lwetse 2009 se se neng se tlhasela boeteledipele jo bo tlhophilweng jwa bonno jwa mekhukhu kwa Kennedy Road, Durban . [18] [19] [20] Mapodisi le one a latofaditswe ka go dira tiro ya sepodisi go feta selekanyo kwa Blikkiesdorp kwa Delft, Cape Town, ka go gatelela kgololesego le go laela gore go nne le dithibelo tse di seng ka fa molaong. [21] [22] [23]

Ka 2011, mapodisi a le 630 go tswa kwa Porofenseng ya Gauteng a ne a tshwarelwa tsietso le bonweenwee, petelelo le polao. Motseleganyi wa Moranang 2012 mo go The Times o ne a re: "Go lebega pogiso le go gataka ditshwanelo tsa batho ka tlhamalalo go nna selo se se tlwaelegileng mo mapodising mangwe a rona mme baitseanape ba tlhagisa gore pharologanyo fa gare ga dikebekwa le batlhankedi ba rona ba tiragatso ya molao e "fifetse"."

Ka Tlhakole 2013, mapodisi kwa Daveyton, Gauteng a ne a tshwarwa mo bidiong a sotlaka Mido Macia, mokgweetsi wa thekisi wa Mozambique yo o latofadiwang ka go paka koloi e se ka fa molaong. Macia o ne a bofiwa ka dithapo mo beneng ya mapodise mme a gogwa mo mebileng, moragonyana a tlhokafala ka ntlha ya dikgobalo tsa gagwe. [24] Mapodisi a le robedi a ne a tshwarwa mme moragonyana a bonwa molato wa polao. [25]

Mapodisi a le mararo a tshwerwe ka ntlha ya go thuntshiwa ga ga Nathaniel Julies, mosimane wa dingwaga di le 16 yo o nang le bolwetse jwa down, kwa Eldorado Park . [ <span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (March 2024)">go tlhokega nopolo</span> ]

Polao ya Marikana

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Bonweenwee

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Ka la bo 10 Lwetse 2007 go ne ga ntshiwa taelo ya go tshwara Mokhomišenara wa Sepodisi sa Bosetšhaba Jackie Selebi ( mopresidente wa Interpol go tloga ka 2004 go fitlha ka 2008 ) ke Bothati jwa Bosetšhaba jwa Botšhotšhisi (NPA). Ka la bo 23 Lwetse 2007, Moporesitente Mbeki o ne a sekega Tlhogo ya NPA Vusi Pikoli, go bolelwa fa e le ka ntlha ya "go thubega go go ka se busediweng morago" ga botsalano magareng ga Pikoli le Tona ya Bosiamisi Brigitte Mabandla. Le fa go ntse jalo, babegadikgang kwa Mail and Guardian ba bolela fa ba na le tshedimosetso e e tiileng e e tshegetsang dipelaelo tse di anameng tsa gore Moporesitente Mbeki o emisitse Pikoli mo tirong jaaka karolo ya maiteko a go sireletsa Mokhomišenara wa Sepodisi Selebi. Go ya ka Mail and Guardian ka la bo 5 Diphalane 2007 NPA e ne e batlisisa Selebi ka bonweenwee, tsietso, go utswa le go fenya diphelelo tsa tshiamiso. [26] Selebi o ne a bonwa molato wa bonweenwee ka Phukwi 2010, mme a se molato wa ditatofatso tse dingwe tsa go sokamisa tsela ya tshiamiso. [27]

Ka Tlhakole 2011 Bheki Cele o ne a amega mo maitsholong a a seng ka fa molaong le tsamaiso e e sa siamang ka tumalano ya go hira R500m ya ntlokgolo e ntšhwa ya sepodisi kwa Pretoria. [28] Ka Diphalane 2011, Moporesitente Jacob Zuma o ne a itsise gore Cele o emisitswe tiro go santse go letilwe dipatlisiso ka ga tumalano eno. [29] Morago ga kgakololo go tswa go boto ya dipatlisiso, Zuma o ne a leleka Cele mme a itsise gore Riah Phiyega, mokomišenara wa ntlha wa mosadi, o tla mo emisetsa. [30]

Ka Tlhakole 2018, Molefetenente-Kakaretso wa SAPS Khomotso Phahlane, yo gape e neng e le Mokhomišenara wa namane o sa tshwere wa SAPS, le mosadi wa gagwe ba ne ba tlhagelela kwa kgotlatshekelo ka ditatofatso tsa tsietso le bonweenwee. [31] Ka la bo 30 Phukwi 2020, Phahlane o ne a lelekwa mo sepodising morago ga dingwaga di le tharo a sekegilwe. [32] Ka lone letsatsi leo, o ne a bonwa molato wa boitshwaro jo bo sa ikanyegeng.

Ka la bo 12 Phukwi 2019, go ne ga itsisiwe gore mapodisi a matlhano a Porofense ya Bokone Bophirima a tshwerwe mo gare ga beke mo dikgetseng di le tharo tse di farologaneng tsa bonweenwee. [33] Ka la bo 4 Seetebosigo 2020, mapodisi a magolo a le marataro a Gauteng fa gareng ga batho ba le 14 ba neng ba tshwarwa ka ditatofatso tsa bonweenwee. [34] Batlhankedi ba bangwe ba babedi ba bagolo, ba jaanong ba rotseng tiro, le bone ba ne ba tshwarwa. [35] Gareng ga batlhankedi ba SAPS ba ba kwa Guateng ba ba latofadiwang ka bonweenwee go ne go akaretsa mapodisi a le mararo le Molefetenente-Kakaretso wa SAPS yo o rotseng tiro. [35]

Ka la bo 12 Diphalane 2020, Molefetenente-Kakaretso Bonang Mgwenya, motlhankedi wa bobedi yo mogolo wa sepodisi mo nageng, o ne a tshwarwa ka ditatofatso tsa bonweenwee, tsietso, bogodu le go tlhatswa madi a a akaretsang madi a ka nna dimilione di le R200 mme morago ga moo a tlhagelela kwa kgotlatshekelong ya Bommagiseterata ya Ridge. [36] Ka nako ya go tshwarwa ga ga Mgwenya, ene le Phahlane ba ne ba le gareng ga batlhankedi ka ene ba le 14 ba ba neng ba latofadiwa ka bonweenwee. [36] Mgwenya o ne a emisiwa ka 15 Diphalane 2020 mme a lelekwa mo SAPS ka 13 Ngwanaitseele 2020. [37]

Ka la bo 23 Sedimonthole 2020, mapodisi a le mane a Cape Town a a golagantsweng le yuniti ya bosetšhaba ya taolo ya melelwane kwa Boemafofaneng jwa Boditšhabatšhaba jwa Cape Town a ne a tshwarelwa go gapa madi mo dikgwebong tsa China.

Ka di 23 Sedimonthole 2020, Peter Ntsime, Motlatsa Mokwaledikakaretso wa Nakwana wa Mokgatlho wa Sepodisi sa Aforika Borwa (SAPU), o ne a bega gore Mokolonele Kamelash Dalip Singh, lepodise le legolo la SAPU go tswa kwa Yuniting ya Porofense ya KwaZulu-Natal ya go Lwantsha Bonweenwee, o ne a tshwarwa, mme morago ga moo a gololwa ka tatofatso ya pipamolomo, ka beili. Ntsime o nyaditse go tshwarwa ga gagwe, a bolela fa Singh a ne a le kwa pele mo go tshwareng mapodisi a a sokameng mme a ne a le mo setlhopheng se segolo sa dirukutlhi. Mmuelli wa lefapha la dipatlisiso tsa bosenyi ba bohlokwa (Hawks), Captain Simphiwe Mhlongo, o boletse hore mapolesa a Hawks a sephiring a tshwere Singh ka matsoho a mahibidu a amohela pipamolomo ya R5,000.

Ka di 28 Sedimonthole 2020, batlhankedi ba le bararo ba tiragatso ya molao ba ba neng ba thapilwe ke Mmasepala wa Emalahleni ba ne ba tshwarwa kwa Mpumalanga ka ditatofatso tsa bonweenwee le pipamolomo tse di neng di akaretsa ditatofatso tsa go sa ntshe difaene tse di tlwaelegileng go bakgweetsi ba ba tlotseng melao ya pharakano, mme go na le moo ba ne ba ba gapa ka madi gore ba newe pipamolomo.

Ka 2022, ditatofatso di le pedi tsa bosenyi di ne tsa tlhatlhelwa ke Bokaedi jo bo Ikemetseng jwa Dipatlisiso tsa Sepodisi kgatlhanong le Mokhomišenara wa Bosetšhaba wa Sepodisi Khehla Sitole ka ntlha ya go gana go dirisana le dipatlisiso tsa lone tsa polao ya ga Charl Kinnear . Kinnear e ne e le motlhankedi wa matlhale wa sepodisi yo o neng a batlisisa bosenyi jo bo rulagantsweng mo teng ga SAPS. [38]

Ka la bo 6 Phukwi 2025, Mokhomišenara wa Sepodisi sa Porofense ya KwaZulu Natal, Nhlanhla Mkhwanazi o ne a nna motlhodi wa sepodisi kgatlhanong le badiredi ba maemo a a kwa godimo ba sepodisi le boradipolotiki, go akaretsa le Tona ya Sepodisi, Senzo Mchunu, le maloko a boatlhodi. O ba latofaditse ka go thusa ditlhopha tsa dikebekwa, go ikamanya le dipatlisiso le go kgoreletsa tshiamiso. [39] [40] [41]

Ka la bo 13 Phukwi 2025, Moporesitente wa Aforika Borwa, Motlotlegi Cyril Ramaphosa o ne a baya Senzo Mchunu mo khunologo e e kgethegileng. [42] Motlatsa-mokomišenara wa bosetšhaba o gwetlha go sekegwa "go go seng ka fa molaong" kgatlhanong le ene. [43]

Ditlotla tsa ntwa

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Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya Ntlha

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Ntwa ya Lefatshe ya Bobedi

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Ditshupiso

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Bona gape

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Dikgokagano tsa kwa ntle

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  1. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  2. ↑ "SAPS: PROFILE – Vision and Mission". Archived from the original on 2 September 2011. Retrieved 25 December 2010.
  3. ↑ Newham, Gareth; Themba Masuku; Lulama Gomomo. "Metropolitan Police Services in South Africa, 2002". csvr.org.za. Archived from the original on 3 March 2016. Retrieved 8 August 2009.
  4. ↑ Labuschagne, Gérard. "The Profiler Diaries: From the case files of a police psychologist Penguin Random House South Africa". Penguin Random House South Africa. Retrieved 13 March 2024.
  5. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  6. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  7. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  8. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  9. ↑ Khaas, Tebogo (2017-11-05). "Black Monday: We are going backwards". News24. https://www.news24.com/Columnists/GuestColumn/black-monday-we-are-going-backwards-20171105-2.
  10. ↑ editorials (2017-10-27). "Top cop position is a poisoned chalice". The Citizen. https://citizen.co.za/opinion/opinion-editorials/1409687/commissioners-under-the-cosh/.
  11. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  12. ↑ No end in sight for police brutality in South Africa, Justice Malala, The Guardian, 21 February 2013
  13. ↑ No end in sight for police brutality in South Africa, Justice Malala, The Guardian, 21 February 2013
  14. ↑ Footsoliders in a social war: the police, crime and inequality in South Africa CHRISTOPHER MCMICHAEL, Open Democracy, 25 October 2013
  15. ↑ Amnesty International South Africa Report, 2012
  16. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  17. ↑ No end in sight for police brutality in South Africa, Justice Malala, The Guardian, 21 February 2013
  18. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  19. ↑ "Contact Us ." South African Police Service.
  20. ↑ "SAPS: PROFILE – Vision and Mission". Archived from the original on 2 September 2011. Retrieved 25 December 2010.
  21. ↑ No end in sight for police brutality in South Africa, Justice Malala, The Guardian, 21 February 2013
  22. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  23. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  24. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  25. ↑ "Contact Us ." South African Police Service.
  26. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named mail
  27. ↑ "South Africa ex-police head Selebi guilty of corruption". 2 July 2010. https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/10485558.
  28. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  29. ↑ "Contact Us ." South African Police Service.
  30. ↑ "SAPS: PROFILE – Vision and Mission". Archived from the original on 2 September 2011. Retrieved 25 December 2010.
  31. ↑ "Contact Us ." South African Police Service.
  32. ↑ Cite error: Invalid <ref> tag; no text was provided for refs named convictedandis
  33. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  34. ↑ "Contact Us ." South African Police Service.
  35. 1 2 "SAPS arrests police officers over fraud, corruption". SABC News. 4 June 2020. https://www.sabcnews.com/sabcnews/saps-arrests-police-officers-over-fraud-corruption/.
  36. 1 2 Thamm, Marianne (12 October 2020). "SA's second most senior cop, Lieutenant-General Bonang Mgwenya, appears on corruption charges for dodgy tenders". Daily Maverick. https://www.dailymaverick.co.za/article/2020-10-12-sas-second-most-senior-cop-lieutenant-general-bonang-mgwenya-appears-on-corruption-charges-for-dodgy-tenders/.
  37. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  38. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  39. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  40. ↑ "Contact Us ." South African Police Service.
  41. ↑ "SAPS: PROFILE – Vision and Mission". Archived from the original on 2 September 2011. Retrieved 25 December 2010.
  42. ↑ "South Africa Yearbook 2019/20". GCIS. Retrieved 2021-01-20.
  43. ↑ "Contact Us ." South African Police Service.
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