Tumalano ya kemiso ya ntwa kwa Lusaka
Tumalano ya Lusaka ya kemiso ntwa e ne ya dira maiteko a go fedisa ntwa ya bobedi ya Congo ka kemiso ntwa, go gololwa ga magolegwa a ntwa, le go romelwa ga masole a kagiso ka fa tlase ga tshegetso ya United Nations. Ditautona tsa mafatshe a Angola, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Namibia, Rwanda, Uganda, Zambia le Zimbabwe ba ne ba baya monwana tumalano kwa Lusaka, Zambia, ka kgwedi ya Phukwi e le lesome ngwaga wa 1999.[1][2]
Dipuisano
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Baemedi go tswa kwa Southern African Development Community, Organisation of African Unity le lekgotla la United Nations ba ne ba kopanela kwa Lusaka ba kwala tumalano ya kemiso ntwa go tswa ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le motso go tsena a le masome mabedi le bosupa ngwaga wa 1999. Bo tona ba tshireletso le ba mafatshe a sele a batsaya karolo mo kgotlhang e, ba ne ba kopana go tswa ka Seetebosigo a le masome mabedi le borobabongwe go tsena ka Phukwi a le malatsi a supa go buisana ka tumalano eo.[1]
Tautona wa Zambia Frederick Chiluba o nnile le seabe se segolo mo go beweng monwana ga tumalano mo maemong a gagwe e le modulasetilo wa kakanyetso ya kgaolo ya kagiso kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo.[1]
Melawana ya tumalano
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Batsaya karolo ba ne ba dumalana go kgaupetsa ditiro tsotlhe tsa sesole mo dioureng di le masome a mabedi le bone tsa go baya tumalano monwana mo tsebeng ya bongwe, molawaan wa bobedi, kgaolo ya c. Tsebe ya ntlha e ne e iletsa motsamao ope wa sesole kgotsa go isiwa ga dibetsa kwa mafelong a ntwa, ba kopa mafatshe otlhe go tlotla ditshwanelo tsa setho le go sireletsa beng gae. Tsebe ya boraro e ne ya golola magolegwa a ntwa otlhe mo kgaolong ya borobabobedi, ba a fa lekgotla la International Red Cross tiro ya go thusa ba ba gobetseng mo kgaolong ya borobabongwe. Kgaolo ya lesome le motso e ne e kopa go romelwa ga sesole sa kagiso sa United Nations go ya ka kgaolo ya bosupa ya molao wa United Nations.[3] Tokomane e ne kopa gape gore OAU e tlhame sesole sa nakwana sa kagiso go kganela ditlhopha tsa sesole go fitlhelela sesole sa UN se goroga.[2] Mwesiga Laurent Baregu le Chris Landsberg ba lekgotla la kagiso la International Peace Academy ba ne ba kgala molao o ka ngwaga wa 2003, ba re OAU e imetswe le gore SADC e ka nna botoka go tshwara boima joo.[1]
Tiragatso
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Mokwaledi mogolo wa United Nations o ne a ntsha pego e e neng e akantsha gore go dirwe thomo ya boela dilo tlhoko kwa DRC ka Phukwi a le lesome le botlhani ngwaga wa 1999. Lephata la mafatshe a sele la United States State Department le ne la itsese ka kemo nokeng ya lone ya thomo ya kagiso ka Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boraro. MLC e ne ya baya monwana tumalano ka Phatwe a rogwa. Malatsi a le matlhano morago, khansele ya United Nations ya tshireletso e ne ya fetisa tharabololo ya 1258 e romela masole kwa ditoropokgolo tsa ba ba ya monwana ba tumalano ya kemiso ntwa ba tlhama gape kimoti ya masole a a kopaneng go etelela pele tiragatso ya yone. Ditsuolodi tsa phathi ya Rally for Congolese Democracy (RCD) ba ne ba baya tumalano monwana ka Phatwe a le masome a mararo le motso. Khansele ya tshireletso e ne ya tlhama thomo ya United Nations kwa Democratic Republic of the Congo (MONUC) mo tharabololong ya 1237, e e fitisitsweng ka ngwanatsele a le malatsi a matlhano go tsena ka Firikgong a le lesome le botlhano ngwaga wa 2000. Tharabololo ya 1279, e e fitisitsweng ka Ngwanatsele a le malatsi a le masome a mararo, e ne ya atolosa maikaelelo go ya kwa go Mopitlo a rogwa ngwaga wa 2000.[4]
Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Metswedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- 1 2 3 4 Laurent Baregu, Mwesiga; Chris Landsberg (2003). From Cape to Congo: Southern Africa's Evolving Security Challenges. International Peace Academy. p. 214.
- 1 2 "DR Congo: Lusaka Ceasefire Agreement". ReliefWeb. 10 July 1999. Retrieved 28 July 2025.
- ↑ "Chapter VII Action with Respect to Threats to the Peace, Breaches of the Peace, and Acts of Aggression". United Nations. Archived from the original on 2009-02-20. Retrieved 28 July 2025
- ↑ Government Accounting Office (GAO) (2000). U.N. peacekeeping executive branch consultations with Congress did not fully meet expectations in 1999-2000. p. 51.