Jump to content

United Nations General Assembly

Go tswa ko Wikipedia
United Nations General Assembly Hall at the UN Headquarters in New York City in 2006
Abbreviation
  • GA
  • UNGA
  • AG
  • AGDNU
Formation1945; 80 years ago (1945)
TypePrincipal organ
Legal statusActive
HeadquartersNew York City, U.S.
Philémon Yang
Parent organization
United Nations
Websiteun.org/ga

Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano, UNGA; Sefora: Assemblée générale des Nations unies, AGDNU (Kokoano Kakaretso, GA; Sefora: Kokoano Kakaretso, AG) ke nngwe ya ditheo tse thataro tse dikgolo tsa Ditšhabakopano (UN), e e dirang jaaka setheo sa yone se segolo sa go buisana, go dira dipholisi le go emela. Ga jaana mo kopanong ya yona ya bo 79, dithata tsa yona, popego, ditiro le ditsamaiso di tlhalositswe mo Kgaolong IV ya Tšhata ya Ditšhabakopano.

UNGA e na le maikarabelo a tekanyetsokabo ya UN, go tlhoma maloko a e seng a leruri mo Lekgotleng la Tshireletso, go tlhoma mokwaledikakaretso wa UN, go amogela dipegelo go tswa kwa dikarolong tse dingwe tsa tsamaiso ya UN, le go dira dikgakololo ka ditshwetso.[1] Gape e tlhoma ditheo tse dintsi tse di thusang go tsweletsa pele kgotsa go thusa mo thomong ya yona e e anameng.[2] UNGA ke yona fela setheo sa UN se dinaga tsotlhe tse e leng ditokololo di nang le boemedi jo bo lekanang.

Kokoano Kakaretso e kopana ka fa tlase ga poresidente wa yone kgotsa mokwaledikakaretso wa UN mo dikopanong tsa ngwaga le ngwaga kwa Kagong ya Kokoano Kakaretso, mo teng ga ntlokgolo ya UN kwa New York City. Kgato ya ntlha ya dikopano tseno ka kakaretso e simolola ka Lwetse go fitlha ka karolo ya Ferikgong go fitlha dikgang tsotlhe di rarabololwa, e leng se gantsi se dirwang pele ga thulaganyo e e latelang e simolola.[3]Gape e ka kopana gape go dira dithulaganyo tse di kgethegileng le tsa tshoganyetso. Thulaganyo ya ntlha e ne ya bidiwa ka Ferikgong 10 1946 kwa Holong ya Bogare ya Methodist kwa Lontone mme e ne e akaretsa baemedi ba merafe e le 51 e e neng ya simolola.

Bontsi jwa dipotso di swetswa mo Kokoanong Kakaretso ke bontsi jo bo sa raraanang. Naga nngwe le nngwe e e leng leloko e na le boutu e le nngwe. Go boutela dipotso dingwe tsa botlhokwa—e leng dikgakololo tse di malebana le kagiso le polokesego; matshwenyego a tekanyetsokabo; mme go tlhophiwa, go amogelwa, go emisiwa, kana go lelekwa ga maloko—ke ka bontsi jwa peditharong ya ba ba leng teng le ba ba boutang. Ntle le go amogelwa ga merero ya tekanyetsokabo, go akaretsa le go amogelwa ga sekale sa tshekatsheko, ditshwetso tsa Kokoano ga di tlame maloko. Kokoano e ka dira dikgakololo mo mererong nngwe le nngwe e e mo sekopong sa UN, ntle le merero ya kagiso le tshireletsego e e sekasekiwang ke Lekgotla la Tshireletso.

Ka dingwaga tsa bo 1980, Kokoano e ne ya nna foramo ya "puisano ya Bokone le Borwa" magareng ga ditšhaba tse di tlhabologileng le dinaga tse di tlhabologang mo dintlheng tse di farologaneng tsa boditšhabatšhaba. Dikgang tseno di ne tsa tlhagelela ka ntlha ya kgolo e e gakgamatsang le go fetoga ga popego ya maloko a lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng. Ka 1945, lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng le ne le na le maloko a le 51, a mo lekgolong la bo21 la dingwaga a neng a batla a menagane ganè go fitlha go a le 193, mme a a fetang peditharong ya one ke dinaga tse di tlhabologang. Ka ntlha ya dipalo tsa tsona, dinaga tse di tlhabologang gantsi di kgona go tlhomamisa lenanetema la Kokoano (di dirisa ditlhopha tse di gokaganyang jaaka G77), semelo sa dingangisano tsa yona, le mofuta wa ditshwetso tsa yona. Mo dinageng di le dintsi tse di tlhabologang, lekgotla la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng ke lone le le nang le tlhotlheletso e ntsi mo go tsa bodipolomate e bile ke lone le legolo le le ntshang maiteko a tsone a go dirisana le dinaga di sele.

Le fa ditshwetso tse di fetisitsweng ke Kokoano Kakaretso di sena maatla a a tlamang mo ditšhabeng tse e leng ditokololo (kwa ntle ga dikgato tsa tekanyetsokabo), go ya ka tshwetso ya yona ya Uniting for Peace ya Ngwanaitseele 1950 (tshwetso 377 (V)), Kokoano gape e ka tsaya kgato fa leloko la Lekgotla la Tshireletso le palelwa ke go tsaya kgato, o go lebega e le matshosetsi mo kagisong, go tlola kagiso kgotsa tiro ya go nna bogale. Kokoano e ka sekaseka kgang eno ka bonako ka maikaelelo a go dira dikgakololo go Maloko gore go tsewe dikgato tse di kopanetsweng tsa go tshegetsa kgotsa go busetsa kagiso le tshireletsego ya boditšhabatšhaba.[4]

Ditso

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]
Methodist Central Hall, London, the location of the first meeting of the United Nations General Assembly in 1946

Kopano ya ntlha ya Kokoano Kakaretso ya UN e ne ya bidiwa ka la bo 10 Ferikgong 1946 kwa Holong ya Bogare ya Methodist kwa Lontone mme e ne e akaretsa baemedi ba ditšhaba di le 51.[5] Go fitlha e fudugela kwa legaeng la yone la leruri kwa Manhattan ka 1951, Kokoano e ne ya kopanela kwa Pavilion ya pele ya Toropo ya New York ya Dipontsho tsa Lefatshe Lotlhe tsa New York tsa 1939 kwa Flushing, New York.[6]Ka Ngwanatsele 29, 1947, Kokoano e ne ya boutela go amogela Leano la Ditšhabakopano la go Kgaoganya Palesetina mo lefelong leno.[7]

Pokano ya 1947 kwa Kokoanong Kakaretso e e neng e tshwaretswe fa gare ga 1946 le 1951 kwa Flushing, kwa New York

Ka nako ya 1946–1951 Kokoano Kakaretso, Lekgotla la Tshireletso le Lekgotla la Loago la Ikonomi le tsone di ne tsa tshwara dithulaganyo kwa ntlokgolong ya nakwana ya Ditšhabakopano kwa Lake Success, New York.[8][9]Ka nako eno ka 1949, mafaratlhatlha a Thelebišene a CBS a ne a gasa dithulaganyo tseno ka tlhamalalo mo motseletseleng wa yone wa kgaso ya Ditšhabakopano mo Tirong e e neng e tlhagisiwa ke mmegadikgang Edmund Chester.[10]

E ne ya fudugela kwa Ntlokgolong ya leruri ya Ditšhabakopano kwa New York City kwa tshimologong ya kopano ya yone ya bosupa ya ka metlha ya ngwaga le ngwaga, ka 14 Diphalane 1952. Ka Sedimonthole 1988, gore e kgone go reetsa Yasser Arafat, Kokoano Kakaretso e ne ya rulaganya kopano ya yone ya bo 29 kwa Ntlong ya Segosi ya Ditšhaba, kwa Genezerwit.[11]

Boloko

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]
Pokano ya 1947 kwa Kokoanong Kakaretso e e neng e tshwaretswe fa gare ga 1946 le 1951 kwa Flushing, kwa New York

Maloko otlhe a le 193 a Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng ke maloko a Kokoano-Kakaretso, mme go okeditswe ka .ya Setulo se se Boitshepo le Palesetina jaaka dinaga tse di tlhokometseng mmogo le Kopano ya Yuropa (fa e sa le ka 1974). Mo godimo ga moo, Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano e ka naya mokgatlho kgotsa setheo sa boditšhabatšhaba maemo a go nna molebeledi, se se nayang setheo tshwanelo ya go tsaya karolo mo tirong ya Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano, le fa go na le ditekanyetso.

Lenaneo

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Lenaneo la thulaganyo nngwe le nngwe le rulaganngwa go fitlha go dikgwedi di le supa pele ga nako mme le simolola ka go gololwa ga lenaane la dintlha tse di tla akarediwang mo lenaaneng la nakwana.[12] Se se tokafadiwa go nna lenanetema la nakwana malatsi a le 60 pele ga go bulwa ga thulaganyo. Morago ga gore thulaganyo e simolole, lenanetema la bofelo le amogelwa mo kopanong ya botlhe e e abang tiro dikomiti tse di farologaneng tse dikgolo, tse moragonyana di romelang dipegelo gape kwa Kokoanong gore di amogelwe ka tumalano kgotsa ka boutu.

Dintlha tse di mo lenaaneng di na le dinomoro. Dikopano tsa ka gale tsa Kokoano Kakaretso mo dingwageng tsa bošeng jaana kwa tshimologong di ne di rulaganyeditswe go tshwarwa mo lobakeng lwa dikgwedi di le tharo fela; le fa go ntse jalo, tiro e e oketsegileng e dirile gore dithulaganyo tseno di atolosiwe go fitlha fela go setse go le gaufi le thulaganyo e e latelang. Dikarolo tse di rulagantsweng ka tlwaelo tsa dithulaganyo ka tlwaelo di simolola ka "Labobedi wa beke ya boraro ka Lwetse, go bala go tloga ka beke ya ntlha e e nang le bonnye letsatsi le le lengwe la tiro," go ya ka Melawana ya Tsamaiso ya UN.[13]Dikopano tse pedi tsa bofelo tsa ka metlha di ne di rulaganyeditswe go ikhutsa dikgwedi di le tharo morago ga moo[14]mo tshimologong ya Sedimonthole mme di ne tsa simololwa gape ka Ferikgong mme tsa atolosiwa go fitlha fela pele ga tshimologo ya dithulaganyo tse di latelang.[15]

Ditharabololo

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Tonakgolo ya Malaysia Mahathir Mohamad fa a bua le Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano ka di 25 Lwetse 2003

Tonakgolo ya Malaysia Mahathir Mohamad fa a bua le Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano ka di 25 Lwetse 2003

Moporesitente wa Russia Dmitry Medvedev o bua kwa kopanong ya bo 64 ya Kokoanokakaretso ya UN ka di 24 Lwetse 2009.

Kokoano Kakaretso e boutela ditshwetso tse dintsi tse di tlisiwang ke dinaga tse di tshegetsang. Tseno ka kakaretso ke dipolelo tse di tshwantshetsang maikutlo a setšhaba sa boditšhabatšhaba ka ga dintlha tse di farologaneng tsa lefatshe.[16]Bontsi jwa ditshwetso tsa Kokoano Kakaretso ga di kgone go diragadiwa jaaka kgang ya semolao kgotsa e e mosola, ka gonne Kokoano Kakaretso ga e na dithata tsa go diragatsa mabapi le bontsi jwa dintlha.[17] Kokoano Kakaretso e na le dithata tsa go tsaya ditshwetso tsa bofelo mo dikarolong dingwe jaaka tekanyetsokabo ya Ditšhabakopano.[18]

Kokoano Kakaretso gape e ka romela kgang kwa Lekgotleng la Tshireletso go tlhoma tshwetso e e tlamang.[19]

Sekema sa dinomoro tsa tharabololo

Go tloga ka dikopano tsa Ntlha go ya go tsa Bomasomeamararo tsa Kokoanokakaretso, ditshwetso tsotlhe tsa Kokoanokakaretso di ne tsa newa dinomoro ka go latelana, ka nomoro ya tshwetso e latelwa ke nomoro ya kopano ka dinomoro tsa Roma (sekao, Tshwetso 1514 (XV), e e neng e le tshwetso ya bo1514 e e nang le dinomoro e e neng ya amogelwa ke Assembth (1960)). Go simolola mo Kopanong ya Masomeamararo le Nngwe, ditshwetso di balelwa ka dinomoro ka kopano ka bongwe (sekao Tshwetso 41/10 e emela tshwetso ya bo 10 e e amogetsweng kwa Kopanong ya Masome a Manè le Nngwe).[20]

Tekanyetso

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Kokoano Kakaretso gape e amogela tekanyetsokabo ya Ditšhabakopano le go swetsa gore naga nngwe le nngwe e e leng leloko e tshwanetse go duela madi a makae go tsamaisa mokgatlho ono.[21]

Tautona wa Russia Dmitry Medvedev o bua kwa kopanong ya bo 64 ya Kokoanokakaretso ya UN ka di 24 Lwetse 2009.

Tšhata ya Ditšhabakopano e naya Kokoano Kakaretso maikarabelo a go amogela tekanyetsokabo (Kgaolo IV, Athikele 17) le go baakanyetsa mokwaledikakaretso, jaaka "motlhankedi yo mogolo wa tsamaiso" (Kgaolo XV, Athikele 97). Tšhata gape e samagana le go sa duelwe ga dikabelo tse di sekasekilweng (Kgaolo IV, Athikele ya 19). Modikologo wa go rulaganya, go dira mananeo, go dira tekanyetsokabo, go ela tlhoko le go sekaseka wa Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng o ile wa fetoga fa dingwaga di ntse di feta; ditshwetso tse dikgolo ka ga thulaganyo eno di akaretsa ditshwetso tsa Kokoano Kakaretso: 41/213 ya 19 Sedimonthole 1986, 42/211 ya 21 Sedimonthole 1987, le 45/248 ya 21 Sedimonthole 1990.[22]

Tekanyetsokabo e akaretsa ditshenyegelo tsa mananeo a Ditšhabakopano mo dikarolong tse di jaaka merero ya sepolotiki, tshiamiso le molao wa boditšhabatšhaba, tirisanommogo ya boditšhabatšhaba ya tlhabololo, tshedimosetso ya setšhaba, ditshwanelo tsa batho le merero ya thuso ya batho.

Motswedi o mogolo wa madi a tekanyetsokabo e e tlwaelegileng ke meneelo ya dinaga tse di leng ditokololo. Sekala sa ditshekatsheko se ikaegile ka bokgoni jwa dinaga jwa go duela. Se se laolwa ke go akanyetsa dišere tsa bona tse di amanang tsa palogotlhe ya dikumo tsa bosetšhaba, tse di fetotsweng go tsaya tsia mabaka a le mmalwa, go akaretsa le lotseno lwa bona ka tlhogo.

Mo godimo ga tekanyetsokabo e e tlwaelegileng, dinaga tse e leng ditokololo di sekasekwa ditshenyegelo tsa makgotlatshekelo a boditšhabatšhaba le, go ya ka mofuta o o fetotsweng wa sekale sa motheo, ditshenyegelo tsa ditiro tsa go boloka kagiso.[23]

Ditlhopho

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Kgaoganyo ya Kokoanokakaretso ka go nna leloko la Ditlhopha tsa Dikgaolo tse tlhano tsa Ditšhabakopano:

Kokoano Kakaretso e neilwe mo Tšhateng ya Ditšhabakopano go tlhopha maloko a ditheo tse di farologaneng mo teng ga tsamaiso ya Ditšhabakopano. Tsamaiso ya ditlhopho tse e ka bonwa mo Karolo 15 ya Melawana ya Tsamaiso ya Kokoano Kakaretso. Ditlhopho tse di botlhokwa thata tsa Kokoano Kakaretso di akaretsa tsa Moporesidente yo o tlang wa Kokoano Kakaretso, Dithulaganyo tsa ka metlha[24]

Kokoano Kakaretso e kopana ngwaga le ngwaga mo kopanong e e tlwaelegileng e e bulwang ka Labobedi wa boraro wa Lwetse, mme e tswelela go fitlha ka Lwetse o o latelang. Dikopano di tshwarelwa kwa Ntlokgolong ya Ditšhabakopano kwa New York ntle le fa di fetolwa ke Kokoano Kakaretso ka boutu ya bontsi.[25][26][27]

Thulaganyo ya ka gale e kgaogantswe ka dipaka tse pedi tse di farologaneng, karolo e kgolo le e e simolotsweng gape ya thulaganyo. Ka nako ya karolo e kgolo ya thulaganyo, e e simololang fa thulaganyo e bulwa go fitlha ka nako ya boikhutso jwa Keresemose ka Sedimonthole, bontsi jwa tiro ya Kokoano e a dirwa. Paka e ke paka e e tseneletseng thata ya tiro ya Kokoano mme e akaretsa ngangisano ka kakaretso le bontsi jwa tiro ya Dikomiti tse dikgolo tse thataro. Karolo e e simolotsweng gape ya thulaganyo, le fa go ntse jalo, e e simololang ka Ferikgong go fitlha kwa tshimologong ya thulaganyo e ntšhwa, e akaretsa dingangisano tse dingwe tse di nang le ditlhogo, dithulaganyo tsa ditherisano le dikopano tsa setlhopha sa tiro.[28][29]

Kganetsanokakaretso

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Tonakgolo ya Spain José Luis Rodríguez Zapatero fa a ne a bua le Kokoano-Kakaretso kwa New York, ka Lwetse a le 20 2005

Moporesidente wa United States Barack Obama o bua le Kokoanokakaretso ya UN ka 2011.

Ngangisano ka kakaretso ya kopano nngwe le nngwe e ntšhwa ya Kokoano Kakaretso e tshwarwa beke e e latelang go bulwa semmuso ga kopano, ka tlwaelo ka Labobedi o o latelang, mme e tshwarwa ntle le go kgaotsa malatsi a le robongwe a tiro. Ngangisano ka kakaretso ke tiragalo ya maemo a a kwa godimo, e ka tlwaelo e tsenelwang ke ditlhogo tsa dinaga kgotsa puso ya Dinaga tse e leng Maloko, ditona tsa puso le baemedi ba Ditšhabakopano. Kwa ngangisanong ka kakaretso, Dinaga tse e leng Maloko di newa tšhono ya go tlhoma mogopolo mo dikgannyeng kgotsa mo dikgannyeng tse di bonang di le botlhokwa. Mo godimo ga dingangisano ka kakaretso, go na gape le dikopano tse dingwe tse dintsi tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tsa setlhogo, dikopano tse di kwa godimo le ditiragalo tse di sa tlhomamang tse di tshwarwang mo bekeng ya dingangisano ka kakaretso.[30][31][32]

Dithulaganyo tse di kgethegileng

Dikopano tse di kgethegileng, kgotsa UNGASS, di ka bidiwa ka ditsela tse tharo tse di farologaneng, ka kopo ya Lekgotla la Tshireletso, ka kopo ya bontsi jwa Dinaga tse e leng maloko a Ditšhabakopano kgotsa ke leloko le le lengwe, fa fela bontsi bo dumalana. Dikopano tse di kgethegileng ka tlwaelo di akaretsa setlhogo se le sengwe mme di felela ka go amogelwa ga tokomane e le nngwe kgotsa di le pedi tsa dipoelo, jaaka kgoeletso ya sepolotiki, leano la tiro kgotsa leano la go lwantsha setlhogo se se boletsweng. Gape ke ditiragalo tsa maemo a a kwa godimo tse di nang le seabe go tswa mo ditlhogong tsa naga le puso, mmogo le ke ditona tsa puso. Go nnile le dikopano tse di kgethegileng di le 32 mo hisitoring ya Ditšhabakopano.[33][34]

Dithulaganyo tse di kgethegileng tsa tshoganyetso

Fa Lekgotla la Tshireletsego le sa kgone, gantsi ka ntlha ya go sa dumalane ga maloko a leruri, go dira tshwetso ka ga matshosetsi a kagiso le tshireletsego ya boditšhabatšhaba, go ka bidiwa dikopano tse di kgethegileng tsa tshoganyetso gore go dirwe dikgakololo tse di maleba go dinaga tse di leng ditokololo tsa dikgato tse di kopanetsweng. Thata e e ne ya newa Kokoano mo Tshwetsong ya 377(V) ya 3 Ngwanaitseele 1950.[35][36][37]

Dikopano tse di kgethegileng tsa tshoganyetso di ka bidiwa ke Lekgotla la Tshireletso fa di tshegediwa ke bonnye maloko a le supa, kgotsa ke bontsi jwa Dinaga tse e leng Maloko a Ditšhabakopano. Fa go na le diboutu tse di lekaneng, Kokoano e tshwanetse go kopana mo diureng di le 24, mme Maloko a itsisiwe bonnye diura di le lesomepedi pele ga go bulwa ga kopano. Go nnile le dikopano tse di kgethegileng tsa tshoganyetso di le 11 mo hisitoring ya Ditšhabakopano.[38]

Dirwe tse di thusang

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Ponagalo ya UNGA

Ditho tse di thusang tsa Kokoano Kakaretso di kgaogantswe ka ditlhopha di le tlhano: dikomiti (30 ka kakaretso, di le thataro tse dikgolo), dikhomišene (di le thataro), diboto (di le supa), makgotla (di le nne) le diphanele (nngwe), ditlhopha tsa tiro, le "tse dingwe."

Dikomiti

Dikomitikgolo

Dikomiti tse dikgolo di na le dinomoro ka tlwaelo, 1–6:[39]

  • Komiti ya Ntlha: Go Tlosa Dibetsa le Tshireletsego ya Boditšhabatšhaba e tshwenyegile ka go tlosa dibetsa le dipotso tse di amanang le tshireletsego ya boditšhabatšhaba
  • Komiti ya Bobedi: ya Ikonomi le Ditšhelete e tshwenyegile ka dipotso tsa ikonomi
  • Komiti ya Boraro: ya Loago, Setso le Botho e bereka ka dikgang tsa loago le tsa botho
  • Komiti ya Bone: e e Kgethegileng ya Sepolotiki le Go Tlosa Bokoloniale e samagana le dikgang tse di farologaneng tsa sepolotiki tse di sa dirwang ke Komiti ya Ntlha, mmogo le go tlosa bokoloniale .
  • Komiti ya Botlhano: Tsamaiso le Tekanyetsokabo e dira ka tsamaiso le tekanyetsokabo ya Ditšhabakopano
  • Komiti ya Borataro: Semolao se dira ka dikgang tsa semolao

Ditiro tsa bontsi jwa dikomiti tse dikgolo di fetogile fa nako e ntse e tsamaya. Go fitlha kwa bokhutlong jwa dingwaga tsa bo 1970, Komiti ya Ntlha e ne e le Komiti ya Sepolotiki le Tshireletsego mme gape go ne go na le palo e e lekaneng ya dikgang tsa tlaleletso tsa "polotiki" tse komiti e kgolo ya tlaleletso, e e senang dinomoro, e e bidiwang Komiti e e Kgethegileng ya Sepolotiki, le yona e neng e nna mo go yone. Komiti ya Bone e kile ya bo e tshwaragane le Botlhokomedi le Go Tlosa Bokoloniale

Tseno ga di a balelwa dinomoro. Go ya ka webosaete ya Kokoano Kakaretso, tse di botlhokwa thata ke:[40]

  • Komiti ya Ditshupo – Komiti eno e neilwe maikarabelo a go netefatsa gore ditshupo tsa bodipolomate tsa baemedi botlhe ba UN di mo thulaganyong. Komiti ya Ditshupo e na le Dinaga di le robongwe tse di leng Maloko tse di tlhophilweng go sa le gale mo kopanong nngwe le nngwe e e tlwaelegileng ya Kokoano Kakaretso.
  • Komiti Kakaretso – E ke komiti ya tlhokomelo e e neetsweng tiro ya go netefatsa gore kopano yotlhe ya Kokoano e tsamaya ka thelelo. Komiti Kakaretso e na le moporesidente le batlatsaporesidente ba kopano ya ga jaana ya Kokoano Kakaretso le modulasetulo wa nngwe le nngwe ya Dikomiti tse dikgolo tse thataro.

Dikomiti tse dingwe tsa Kokoano Kakaretso di a balwa.[41]

Dikhuduthamaga

Go na le dikhuduthamaga di le thataro:[42]

  • Khuduthamaga ya Ditšhabakopano ya go Tlosa Dibetsa, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 502 (VI) le S-10/2.
  • Khuduthamaga ya Boditšhabatšhaba ya Tirelosetšhaba, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 3357 (XXIX)
  • Khuduthamaga ya Molao wa Boditšhabatšhaba, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 174 (II)
  • Khuduthamaga ya Ditšhabakopano ya Molao wa Kgwebisano wa Boditšhabatšhaba (UNCITRAL), e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 2205 (XXI)
  • Khuduthamaga ya Poelano ya Ditšhabakopano ya Palesetina, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 194 (III)
  • Khuduthamaga ya go Aga Kagiso ya Ditšhabakopano, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 60/180 le Ditshwetso tsa Lekgotla la Tshireletsego la UN 1645 (2005) le 1646 (2005)

Le fa leina la yone le ntse jalo, Khomišene ya pele ya Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng ya Ditshwanelo tsa Batho (UNCHR) tota e ne e le setlhopha se se thusang ECOSOC.

Diboto

Go na le diboto di le supa tse di arogantsweng ka ditlhopha di le pedi: a) Diboto tsa Khuduthamaga le b) Diboto[43]

Diboto tsa Khuduthamaga

Boto ya Khuduthamaga ya Letlole la Bana la Ditšhabakopano, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 57 (I) le 48/162

Boto ya Khuduthamaga ya Lenaneo la Tlhabololo la Ditšhabakopano le ya Letlole la Baagi la Ditšhabakopano, le le tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA ya 2029 (XX) le 48/162

Boto ya Khuduthamaga ya Lenaneo la Lefatshe la Dijo, le le tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 50/8.

Diboto

Boto ya Baruni, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 74 (I)

Boto ya Kgwebisano le Tlhabololo, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA ya 1995 (XIX)

Boto e e Kopanetsweng ya Phenšene ya Badiri ya Ditšhabakopano, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 248 (III)

Boto ya Bogakolodi ka ga Dikgang tsa go Tlosa Dibetsa, e e tlhomilweng ke Tshwetso ya GA 37/99 K

Dikhansele le diphanele

Lekgotla le lesha ke Lekgotla la Ditshwanelo Tsa Batho la Ditšhaba Tse di Kopaneng, le le tsereng sebaka sa UNCHR e e umakilweng fa godimo ka Mopitlwe 2006.

Go na le palogotlhe ya makgotla a le manè le phanele e le nngwe.[44]

Ditlhopha tsa Tiro le tse dingwe

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Go na le setlhopha se se farologaneng sa ditlhopha tsa tiro le mekgatlho e mengwe e e thusang.

Manno

Dinaga di nna ka tatelano ya dialefabete mo Kokoanong Kakaretso go ya ka dithanolo tsa Seesemane tsa maina a dinaga. Naga e e mo maemong a a kwa pele thata ka fa molemeng e laolwa ngwaga le ngwaga ke mokwaledikakaretso ka go goga ditlhopho. Dinaga tse di setseng di latela ka alefabete morago ga yone.[45]

Diphetogo le UNPA

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Ka 21 Mopitlwe 2005, Mokwaledikakaretso Kofi Annan o ne a tlhagisa pegelo, In Larger Freedom, e e neng ya kgala Kokoano Kakaretso ka ntlha ya go tlhoma mogopolo thata mo tumalanong mo e leng gore e ne e fetisa ditshwetso tse di fokoditsweng tse di bontshang "setlhopha se se kwa tlase se se tshwanang sa maikaelelo a a farologaneng thata, gape o ne a kgala Kokoano Kakaretso." go na le go tlhoma mogopolo mo "dikgannyeng tse dikgolo tsa nako eo, tse di jaaka go fuduga ga boditšhabatšhaba le tumalano e e tseneletseng e e sa bolong go ngangisanwa ka yone ka ga borukhutlhi." Annan o ne a akantsha gore go tokafadiwe lenaneo la Kokoano Kakaretso, thulaganyo ya komiti le ditsamaiso; go nonotsha seabe le taolo ya mopresidente wa yona; go tokafatsa seabe sa setšhaba sa baagi; le go tlhoma mokgwa wa go sekaseka ditshwetso tsa dikomiti tsa yona, gore go fokodiwe ditaelo tse di sa tlamelweng ka matlole le taolo e nnye ya Bokwaledi jwa Ditšhabakopano. Annan o gakolotse maloko a UN ka maikarabelo a bone a go diragatsa diphetogo, fa ba solofela go lemoga ditokafatso mo go nneng le matswela a UN.[46]

Ditshisinyo tsa diphetogo ga di a tsewa ke Samiti ya Lefatshe ya Ditšhabakopano ka Lwetse 2005. Go na le moo, Samiti e ne ya tlhomamisa fela boemo jo bo botlhokwa jwa Kokoanokakaretso jaaka setheo se segolo sa dipuisano, sa go dira dipholisi le sa boemedi jwa Ditšhabakopano, mmogo le seabe sa bogakolodi sa Kokoano mo thulaganyong ya go tlhomamisa melao ya boditšhabatšhaba. Samiti e ne gape ya kopa gore go nonotshiwe kamano magareng ga Kokoanokakaretso le ditheo tse dingwe tse dikgolo go netefatsa kgokagano e e botoka mo dintlheng tse di botlhokwa tse di tlhokang kgato e e gokagantsweng ke Ditšhabakopano, go ya ka ditaelo tsa bona ka go farologana.[47]

Kokoano ya Palamente ya Ditšhabakopano, kgotsa Kokoano ya Batho ya Ditšhabakopano (UNPA), ke tlaleletso e e tshitshintsweng mo Tsamaisong ya Ditšhabakopano e kwa bofelong e ka letlang go tlhophiwa ka tlhamalalo ga maloko a palamente ya UN ke baagi lefatshe ka bophara.

Mo Ngangisanong ya Kakaretso ya Kokoanokakaretso ya bo 65, Jorge Valero, yo o emetseng Venezuela, o ne a re "Ditšhabakopano di feditse sekao sa tsone mme ga se fela kgang ya go tswelela ka diphetogo,lekgolo la dingwaga la masome a mabedi le bongwe le batla diphetogo tse di tseneletseng tse di ka kgonegang fela ka go aga sešwa ga mokgatlho ono." O ne a supa go tlhoka mosola ga ditshwetso tse di amanang le thibelo ya Cuba le kgotlhang ya Botlhabagare jaaka mabaka a go bo sekao sa UN se paletswe. [e] sa tsamaisane le molawana wa tekatekano ya puso ya Dinaga."[48]

Phetolo ya Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano e akaretsa ditshitshinyo tsa go fetola dithata le popego ya Kokoanokakaretso ya U.N. Seno se ka akaretsa, sekai, go naya Kokoano tiro ya go sekaseka gore dinaga tse e leng ditokololo di diragatsa ditshwetso tsa UNGA sentle go le kana kang,[53] go oketsa maatla a kopano kgatlhanong le Lekgotla la Tshireletso la Ditšhabakopano, kgotsa go dira gore dingangisano di nne tse di agang le tse di sa boaboelediweng thata.[49]

Kokoano Kakaretso ya U.N. e amogetse "Tumalano ya Isagwe," e leng leano la go rarabolola dikgwetlho tsa lefatshe lotlhe tse di akaretsang phetogo ya tlelaemete, taolo ya AI, go sa lekalekane, le dikgotlhang. E kopa gore go dirwe diphetogo mo Lekgotleng la Tshireletsego, go tlosiwe dibetsa tsa nuklea, le go akarediwa thata ga basha le basadi mo go tseyeng ditshwetso. Mokwaledi-Kakaretso wa U.N. Guterres o ne a rotloetsa baeteledipele go tsaya kgato ka maitlamo ano.[50]

Dintlha tsa Kokoano Kakaretso

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]

Kopano ya ngwaga le ngwaga ya Kokoanokakaretso ya Ditšhabakopano e tsamaya le dikopano tse di ikemetseng magareng ga baeteledipele ba lefatshe, tse di itsegeng botoka jaaka dikopano tse di diragalang kwa thoko ga kopano ya Kokoano. Phuthego ya bodipolomate le yone e sa le e fetoga go nna beke e e gogelang batho ba ba humileng le ba ba nang le tlhotlheletso go tswa kwa lefatsheng lotlhe go tla kwa New York City go tla go samagana le dithulaganyo tse di farologaneng, go simolola ka tsa botho le tikologo go ya go tsa kgwebo le tsa sepolotiki.[51]

Metswedi

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]
  1. ↑ Charter of the United Nations: Chapter IV Archived 12 October 2007 at the Wayback Machine. United Nations.
  2. ↑ "Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly". United Nations General Assembly. Archived from the original on 15 July 2018.
  3. ↑ United Nations Official Document. "The annual session convenes on Tuesday of the third week in September per Resolution 57/301, Para. 1. The opening debate begins the following Tuesday". United Nations. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 13 September 2016.
  4. ↑ General Assembly of the United Nations Archived 29 March 2018 at the Wayback Machine. United Nations. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
  5. ↑ "History of United Nations 1941 – 1950". United Nations. Archived from the original on 12 March 2015. Retrieved 12 March 2015.
  6. ↑ "Queens Public Library Digital". digitalarchives.queenslibrary.org. Archived from the original on 10 December 2022. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  7. ↑ "United Nations, Queens: A Local History of the 1947 Israel-Palestine Partition". The Center for the Humanities. Archived from the original on 6 December 2022. Retrieved 6 December 2022.
  8. ↑ Rosenthal, A. M. (19 May 1951). "U.N. Vacates Site at Lake Success; Peace Building Back to War Output". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 26 July 2022. Retrieved 26 July 2022.
  9. ↑ Druckman, Bella (19 May 2021). "The United Nations Headquarters in Long Island's Lake Success". Untapped New York. Archived from the original on 19 May 2021. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  10. ↑ "CBS television broadcast of a new series reporting the sessions and..." Getty Images. 2 March 2017. Archived from the original on 13 January 2023. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
  11. ↑ (in French) "Genève renoue avec sa tradition de ville de paix, Le Temps, 16 January 2014. Archived 16 April 2022 at the Wayback Machine".
  12. ↑ "Introduction - UN Documentation: General Assembly". United Nations Research Guides and Resources at United Nations Dag Hammarskjöld Library. Archived from the original on 21 October 2013.
  13. ↑ "Sessions, Rules of Procedure". General Assembly of the United Nations. Archived from the original on 6 November 2018. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  14. ↑ "General Assembly Adopts Work Programme for Sixty-Fourth Session". UN General Assembly. Archived from the original on 2 November 2012.
  15. ↑ "High-level meetings of the 64th Session", General Assembly of the UN. Archived 26 July 2018 at the Wayback Machine.
  16. ↑ "Are UN resolutions binding? – Ask DAG!". ask.un.org. Archived from the original on 1 February 2020. Retrieved 1 February 2020.
  17. ↑ "United Nations General Assembly". Encyclopedia Britannica. Archived from the original on 14 December 2019. Retrieved 1 February 2020.
  18. ↑ "Article 17 (1) of Charter of the United Nations". 17 June 2015. Archived from the original on 1 May 2019. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
  19. ↑ "Articles 11 (2) and 11 (3) of Charter of the United Nations". 15 April 2016. Archived from the original on 10 April 2019. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
  20. ↑ "Annexes". Resolutions and Decisions Adopted by the General Assembly. 2 August 2017. doi:10.18356/a9a4aeed-en. ISBN 9789210605991. ISSN 2412-0898.
  21. ↑ Population, total | Data | Table Archived 20 June 2018 at the Wayback Machine. World Bank. Retrieved 12 July 2013
  22. ↑ UN Security Council : Resolutions, Presidential Statements, Meeting Records, SC Press Releases Archived 2 December 2012 at the Wayback Machine. United Nations. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
  23. ↑ United Nations Department of Management Archived 4 February 2018 at the Wayback Machine. United Nations. Retrieved 12 July 2013.
  24. ↑ "General Assembly of the United Nations". United Nations. Archived from the original on 26 July 2022. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
  25. ↑ "General Assembly of the United Nations". United Nations. Archived from the original on 26 July 2022. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
  26. ↑ United Nations (17 October 2019). "General Assembly Elects 14 Member States to Human Rights Council, Appoints New Under-Secretary-General for Internal Oversight Services". United Nations Meetings Coverage & Press Releases. United Nations. Archived from the original on 2 January 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
  27. ↑ United Nations (4 June 2019). "Delegates Elect Permanent Representative of Nigeria President of Seventy-Fourth General Assembly by Acclamation, Also Choosing 20 Vice-Presidents". United Nations Meetings Coverage & Press Releases. United Nations. Archived from the original on 15 September 2019. Retrieved 15 September 2019.
  28. ↑ "Members of the Court". International Court of Justice. n.d. Archived from the original on 24 January 2020. Retrieved 19 January 2020.
  29. ↑ United Nations General Assembly Session 33 E 138. Question of the composition of the relevant organs of the United Nations: amendments to rules 31 and 28 of the rules of procedure of the General Assembly to rules A/RES/33/138 19 December 1978.
  30. ↑ Manhire, Vanessa, ed. (2019). "United Nations Handbook 2019–20" (PDF). United Nations Handbook (Wellington, N.z.). (57th ed.). Wellington: Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Trade of New Zealand: 17. ISSN 0110-1951. Archived from the original (PDF) on 8 March 2021. Retrieved 18 January 2020.
  31. ↑ "What is the general debate of the General Assembly? What is the order of speakers at the general debate?". Dag Hammarskjöld Library. United Nations. 10 July 2019. Archived from the original on 23 May 2020. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  32. ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)". United Nations General Assembly. United Nations. n.d. Archived from the original on 27 September 2022. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  33. ↑ Ruder, Nicole; Nakano, Kenji; Aeschlimann, Johann (2017). Aeschlimann, Johann; Regan, Mary (eds.). The GA Handbook: A practical guide to the United Nations General Assembly (PDF) (2nd ed.). New York: Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations. pp. 14–15. ISBN 978-0-615-49660-3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 November 2018.
  34. ↑ Charter of the United Nations . San Francisco: United Nations. 26 June 1945 – via Wikisource.
  35. ↑ Ruder, Nicole; Nakano, Kenji; Aeschlimann, Johann (2017). Aeschlimann, Johann; Regan, Mary (eds.). The GA Handbook: A practical guide to the United Nations General Assembly (PDF) (2nd ed.). New York: Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations. pp. 14–15. ISBN 978-0-615-49660-3. Archived (PDF) from the original on 22 November 2018.
  36. ↑ "Emergency Special sessions". United Nations General Assembly. United Nations. n.d. Archived from the original on 28 February 2022. Retrieved 17 January 2020.
  37. ↑ United Nations General Assembly Session 5 Resolution 377. Uniting for Peace A/RES/377(V) 3 November 1950.
  38. ↑ "General Assembly of the United Nations". United Nations. Archived from the original on 26 July 2022. Retrieved 27 September 2022.
  39. ↑ "Main Committees". United Nations General Assembly. United Nations. Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  40. ↑ "Main Committees". United Nations General Assembly. United Nations. Archived from the original on 23 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018
  41. ↑ "Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly: Committees". United Nations General Assembly. United Nations. Archived from the original on 4 November 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  42. ↑ "Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly: Commissions". United Nations General Assembly. United Nations. Archived from the original on 17 November 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  43. ↑ "Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly: Boards". United Nations General Assembly. United Nations. Archived from the original on 22 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  44. ↑ "Subsidiary Organs of the General Assembly: Assemblies and Councils". United Nations General Assembly. United Nations. Archived from the original on 22 October 2018. Retrieved 19 June 2018.
  45. ↑ The PGA Handbook: A practical guide to the United Nations General Assembly (PDF). Permanent Mission of Switzerland to the United Nations. 2011. p. 18. ISBN 978-0-615-49660-3. Archived from the original (PDF) on 27 September 2018. Retrieved 14 July 2017.
  46. ↑ "Report of the Secretary-General in Larger Freedom towards development, security and human rights for all". Archived from the original on 25 January 2019. Retrieved 31 August 2017.
  47. ↑ Johnstone, Ian (2008). "Legislation and Adjudication in the UN Security Council: Bringing down the Deliberative Deficit". American Journal of International Law. 102. No 2 (2): 275–308. doi:10.2307/30034539. JSTOR 30034539. S2CID 144268191.
  48. ↑ Assembly, General. "Venezuela, Bolivarian Republic of H.E. Mr. Jorge Valero Briceño, Chairman of the Delegation". United Nations. Archived from the original on 14 September 2016. Retrieved 29 June 2017.
  49. ↑ "The Role of the UN General Assembly". Council on Foreign Relations. Archived from the original on 9 May 2017. Retrieved 11 January 2015.
  50. ↑ "U.N. General Assembly approves blueprint to foster global unity". 21 September 2024. Archived from the original on 23 September 2024. Retrieved 24 September 2024
  51. ↑ David Gelles (21 September 2017). "It's the U.N.'s Week, but Executives Make It a High-Minded Mingle". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 22 September 2017. Retrieved 22 September 2017.
Retrieved from "https://tn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=United_Nations_General_Assembly&oldid=40287"