William Wilberforce
| William Wilberforce | |
|---|---|
 Portrait by Karl Anton Hickel, c. 1794 | |
| Member of Parliament | |
| In office 31 October 1780 – February 1825 | |
| Pele Ga Gagwe | David Hartley |
| Morago Ga Gagwe | Arthur Gough-Calthorpe |
| Constituency |
|
| Ka Ga Ena | |
| O tsetswe | 24 Phatwe 1759 Kingston upon Hull, Yorkshire, England |
| O Tlhokafetse | 29 Phukwi 1833 (aged 73) Belgravia, London, England |
| Polokelo | Westminster Abbey |
| Mokgatlho | Independent |
| Mo/Bakapelo | |
| Bana | 6, including Tempolete:Enum |
| Alma mater | St John's College, Cambridge |
| Tshaeno |  |
| Tempolete:Infobox saint | |
William Wilberforce ( Phatwe a le masome mabedi le bone ka 1759 – Phukwi a le masome mabedi le boferabongwe ka 1833) e ne e le mopolotiki wa Borithane, mothusi le moeteledipele wa mokgatlho wa go fedisa kgwebo ya makgoba ya Atlantic. Moltholegi wa Kingston upon Hull, Yorkshire, o ne a simolola tiro ya gagwe ya sepolotiki ka 1780, mme a nna leloko le le ikemetseng la Palamente (MP) la Yorkshire (1784–1812). Ka 1785, o ne a nna le maitemogelo a go sokologa mme a nna Evangelical Anglican, se se neng sa dira gore a fetoge thata mo botshelong jwa gagwe le go tshwenyega ka diphetogo mo botshelong jwa gagwe.
Ka 1787, Wilberforce o ne a kopana le Thomas Clarkson le setlhopha sa balwela-ditshwanelo kgatlhanong le kgwebo ya makgoba ya transatlantic, go akaretsa Granville Sharp, Hannah More le Charles Middleton. Ba ne ba tlhotlheletsa Wilberforce go tsaya lebaka la go fedisa, mme o ne a nna moeteledipele wa go fedisa bokgoba kwa Enyelane. O ne a etelela pele letsholo la palamente kgatlhanong le kgwebo ya makgoba ya Borithane dingwaga di le masome a mabedi go fitlha go fetiswa ga Molao wa Kgwebisano ya Makgoba wa 1807.
Wilberforce o ne a tlhomamisegile ka botlhokwa jwa bodumedi, boitsholo le thuto. O ne a nna le seabe mo matsholong le matsholo a a jaaka Society for the Suppression of Vice, tiro ya borongwa ya Borithane kwa India, go tlhamiwa ga koloni e e gololesegileng kwa Sierra Leone, motheo wa Church Mission Society le Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. Boitsholo jwa gagwe jwa motheo bo ne jwa dira gore a tshegetse melao ya kgatelelo ya sepolotiki le ya loago, mme ya felela ka go nyatsa gore o ne a itlhokomolosa tshiamololo kwa gae fa a ne a dira letsholo la makgoba kwa moseja.
Wilberforce o ne a tshameka karolo e e botlhokwa mo letsholong la go fedisa bokgoba gotlhelele mme a tswelela go nna le seabe morago ga 1826, fa a ne a tlogela Palamente ka ntlha ya mathata a boitekanelo. Letsholo leo le ne la dira gore go nne le Molao wa go Fedisa Bokgoba wa 1833, e e neng ya fedisa bokgoba mo dikarolong tse dintsi tsa Mmusomogolo wa Borithane. Wilberforce o ne a tlhokafala malatsi a le mararo fela morago ga go utlwa gore molao o fetisitswe ke Palamente. O ne a fitlhwa kwa Westminster Abbey, gaufi le tsala ya gagwe William Pitt yo Mmotlana.
Botshelo jwa pele le thuto
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Wilberforce o belegetswe kwa Hull, kwa Yorkshire, Enyelane, ka Phatwe a le masome a mabedi le bone 1759.[1] E ne e le morwa a le esi wa ga Robert Wilberforce (1728–1768), mogwebi yo o humileng, le mosadi wa gagwe, Elizabeth Bird (1730–1798). Rraagwemogolo, William (1690–1774),o ne a dirile khumo ya lelapa mo kgwebong ya lewatle le mafatshe a Baltic. O ne a tlhophiwa gabedi go nna ratoropo wa Hull.[2]
Wilberforce e ne e le ngwana yo monnye, yo o lwalang le yo o bokoa yo o nang le matlho a a bokoa. Ka 1767, o ne a simolola go tsena sekolo sa Hull Grammar, se ka nako eo se neng se eteletswe pele ke Joseph Milner, yo o neng a tla nna tsala ya gagwe ya botshelo jotlhe. Wilberforce o ne a solegelwa molemo ke mowa wa tshegetso kwa sekolong, go fitlha rraagwe a tlhokafala ka 1768. Ka mmaagwe a ne a palelwa ke go itshoka, Wilberforce wa dingwaga di robabongwe o ne a romelwa kwa go malomaagwe le rakgadi yo o atlegileng yo o nang le matlo kwa St James's Place, London le Wimbledon. O tsene sekolo sa bodulo se se sa kgathalesegeng kwa Putney dingwaga di le pedi mme a fetsa malatsi a gagwe a boikhutso kwa Wimbledon, koo a neng a rata ba losika lwa gagwe thata. O ne a kgatlhegela Bokeresete jwa efangele ka ntlha ya tlhotlheletso ya ba losika lwa gagwe, segolo thata ya rakgadi wa gagwe Hannah, kgaitsadia mogwebi yo o humileng John Thornton, mothusi le motshegetsi wa moreri yo o eteletseng pele wa Methodist, George Whitefield.[1]
Mmaagwe Wilberforce yo o nonofileng wa Kereke ya Enyelane le rraagwemogolo, ba ne ba tshositswe ke tlhotlheletso eno e e sa dumalaneng le tshekamelo ya gagwe ya efangele, ba ne ba busetsa mosimane yo wa dingwaga di le lesome le bobedi kwa Hull ka 1771. O ne a utlwisiwa botlhoko ke go kgaogana le rakgadiagwe le malome wa gagwe. Lelapa la gagwe le ne le kgatlhanong le go boela kwa Hull Grammar School ka ntlha ya gore mogokgo o ne a fetogile Methodist, mme Wilberforce o ne a tswelela ka dithuto tsa gagwe kwa Pocklington School go tloga ka 1771 go ya go 1776. Ka go tlhotlhelediwa ke dipelaelo tsa Methodist, kwa tshimologong o ne a ganetsa botshelo jwa Hull jwa selegae, mme, fa matlhagatlhaga a gagwe a bodumedi a ntse a fokotsega, o ne a amogela go ya metshamekong, a ya dibolong le go tshameka dikarata.
Ka Phalane 1776, fa a le dingwaga di le lesome le bosupa, Wilberforce o ne a ya kwa St John's College, Cambridge. Loso lwa ga rraagwe le malomaagwe, ka 1774 le 1777 ka go latelana, lo ne lo mo tlogetse a humile a ikemetse mme ka ntlha ya seo o ne a na le tshekamelo e nnye kgotsa tlhokego ya go ineela mo thutong e e tseneletseng. Go na le moo, o ne a tsenelela mo tikologong ya loago ya botshelo jwa baithuti mme a latela botshelo jwa hboitumelobogolo, a itumelela dikarata, go betsha le go nwa bojalwa bosigo – le fa a ne a fitlhela go feteletsa ga bangwe ba baithuti ba gagwe go sa rate. E ne e le motho yo o botlhale, yo o pelotshweu e bile e le motlotlo yo o itsegeng, Wilberforce e ne e le motho yo o tumileng. O ne a dira ditsala di le dintsi, go akaretsa le Tonakgolo ya isagwe William Pitt. Le fa a ne a tshela botshelo le go tlhoka kgatlhego ya go ithuta, o ne a kgona go pasa ditlhatlhobo tsa gagwe mme a newa digerata tsa Bachelor of Arts ka 1781 le digerata tsa Master of Arts ka 1788.[1]
Metswedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- 1 2 3 Wolffe, John (2009), "Wilberforce, William (1759–1833)", Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.), Oxford University Press, doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/29386 (Subscription or UK public library membership required.) E nopotswe Seetebosigo a le lesome le bobedi ka 2025.
- ↑ Pollock 1977, p. 3