Durban
Durban
eThekwini | |||
|---|---|---|---|
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  Durban  Durban  Durban | |||
| Coordinates: 29°53′S 31°03′E / 29.883°S 31.050°ECoordinates: 29°53′S 31°03′E / 29.883°S 31.050°E | |||
| Country |  South Africa | ||
| Province | Tempolete:Country data KwaZulu-Natal | ||
| Municipality | eThekwini | ||
| Established | 24 Phatwe 1824[1] | ||
| Named for | Benjamin D'Urban | ||
| Government | |||
| • Type | Metropolitan municipality | ||
| • Mayor | Cyril Xaba (ANC) | ||
| • Deputy Mayor | Zandile Myeni | ||
| Area | |||
| • City | 225.91 km2 (87.22 sq mi) | ||
| • Metro | 2,556 km2 (987 sq mi) | ||
| Palo batho (2011)[2] | |||
| • City | 595,061 | ||
| • Density | 2,600/km2 (6,800/sq mi) | ||
| • Metro | 4,239,901 | ||
| • Metro density | 1,700/km2 (4,300/sq mi) | ||
| Demonym(s) | Durbanite[4] | ||
| Racial makeup (2011) | |||
| • Black African | 51.1% | ||
| • Indian/Asian | 24.0% | ||
| • White | 15.3% | ||
| • Coloured | 8.6% | ||
| • Other | 0.9% | ||
Durban, e e itsegeng ka leina la eThekwini go tswa mo lefokong la seZulu la itheku le le rayang letsha kgotsa lekadiba, ke toropo ya boraro ka bontsi jwa palo ya batho kwa Aforika Borwa, e sala morago Johannesburg le Cape Town, ke yone toropo e tona go fetisa kwa kgaolong ya KwaZulu-Natal. E kwa lotshitshing lo lo kwa botlhaba jwa lefatshe la South Africa, mo letsheng la Natal la lewatle la Indian. Durban ke toropo e e tlhanaselang thata go gaisa tsotlhe tse di mo sub-Saharan Africa, pele e ne e bidiwa Port Natal. Kwa bokone jwa maemelo a dikepe le legare la toropo ke molapo wa Umgeni, legare la toropo le pagamela dithaba tsa Berea kwa bophirima; fa kwa borwa mo lotshitshing e le the Bluff. Toropo ya Durban ke yone e tshwereng setilo sa mmasepala wa eThekwini Metropolitan e e leng bophara jwa dikilomithara di le dikete tse pedi, makgolo a matlhano, masome a matlhano le borataro, mme e na le batho ba le dimilione di le nne le dikete tse pedi fa e sale ka ngwaga wa 2022,[5] se se dira gore lefelo le e nne lengwe la mafelo a magolo ka dipalo tsa batho mo lewatleng la Indian mo Aforika. Palo ya batho kwa Durban ka ngwaga wa 2011 e ne e le dikete di le makgolo a matlhano, masome a ferabongwe, botlhano le masome a marataro le bongwe.[6] Toropo e e bothito ebile e le bongola, mme e nna mogote ka selemo, e nne mololo e omeletse ka mariga.[7]
Bosupi jwa baithutamarope go tswa kwa dithabeng tsa Drankensberg di supa fa lefelo le le ne le nna batsumi-bakgobokanyi dingwaga tse di fetileng. Morago ga goroga batho bantsho ba ba itsege ka Nguni. Ka malatsi a go tsalwa ga ga Keresete ka ngwaga wa 1497, Vasco da Gama o ne a bona lotshitshi mme a lo bitsa Natal, lefoko la se Potokisi le le rayang botalo jwa ga Keresete. Ka ngwaga wa 1824, bagwebi ba makgowa go tswa kwa Cape Colony, ba eteletswe pele ke Francis Farewell le Henry Fynn, ba ne ba tlhoma marekisitso kwa Port Natal, mme moragonyana mo ngwageng eo, kgosi ya ma Zulu ebong Shaka a ba fa lefatshe gautshwane le letsha. Ka ngwaga wa 1835, lefelo leo le ne la reelelwa ka Sir Benjamin D'Urban o neng e le molaodi wa kwa Cape Colony. Go tswa ka ngwaga ya 1860 go ya ko pele, badiri ba go neng go dumalanwe ka bone ba ne simolola go goroga go tswa British India. Kolone ya Natal e e neng e setse e godile, e ne ya nna kgaolo ya Union of South Africa ka ngwaga wa 1910, mme Durban ya tlhomiwa toropokgolo ka ngwaga wa 1935.[8]
Toropo ya Durban e na le mefuta e e farologaneng ya ditso tsa batho, bontsi e le maZulu, ba lotso lwa India, Batho basweu le ba ba tlhakantseng ditso. Pele lefelo le le ne le tlwaelesegile ka bojanala ka ntlha ya lotshitshi lwa lewatle le seemo sa bosa se se bothitho,[9] mme mo dingwageng tse di fetileng bojanala bo ile kwa tlase.[10][11] Mangwe a mafelo a a itsegeng thata ke Golden Mile, Botanic Gardens, lefelo la bodiragatsi, botaki le polokelo ya ditso kwa City Hall, Ushaka Marine Worlds le International convention Centre. Go tswa ka ngwaga wa 2018, lefelo le bone dipoelo tse di dirang 59.9% mo kgaolong le 9.6% mo lefatsheng ka bophara; makgamu a a nang le dipoelo tse dintsi e le a tsa madi, ditirelo tsa setshaba, madirelo, bogwebi, dipalamo le bojanala.[12] Toropo ya Durban e ne e le nngwe ya tse di neng di tshegeditse metshameko ya kgwele ya dinao ya mafatshefatshe ka ngwaga wa 2010, kwa go neng ga agiwa lobala lwa metshameko lwa Moses Mabhida Stadium.[13]
Ditso
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Dipatlisiso tsa baithutamarope go tswa kwa dithabeng tsa Drankensberg di supa fa batsumi-bakgobokanyi ba sale ba thibelela kwa Durban dingwaga di le dikete di le lekgolo. Batho ba o ba ntse mo kgaolong ya KwaZulu-Natal go fitlhelela go nna le phudugo e ntsi ya batho-bantsho. Ditso di fetisitswe ka molomo go tswa mo kokomangng e nngwe go tsena mo go e nngwe ke ba lotso lwa maZulu, ba ba nnileng koo pele ga puso ya Yuropa, mme ga gona ditso dipe tse di neng di kwadilwe tsa kgaolo eo go fitlhelela e bonwa ke motlhtlhomisi wa moPotokisi e bong Vasco da Gama, o o neng a tsamaya ka sekepe kwa lotshitshing lwa KwaZulu-Natal kwa Christmastide ka ngwaga wa 1497 fa a ne a batla tsela e e tswang kwa Europe e ya India. O ne a fa kgaolo e leina la Natal, le le rayang matsalo a ga Keresete ka sepotokisi.[14]
Metswedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]- ↑ Tempolete:Cite thesis
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 "Main Place Durban". Census 2011. Archived from the original on 19 November 2015. Retrieved 10 December 2015.
- ↑ Census 2022: Provinces at a Glance (PDF). Statistics South Africa. 2023. pp. 25, 61. ISBN 978-0-621-51559-6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 February 2024. Retrieved 18 March 2024.
- ↑ McCracken, Donal P.; Eileen M. McCracken (1988). Annals of Kirstenbosch Botanic Gardens. National Botanic Gardens. p. 72. ISBN 9780620116480. Archived from the original on 21 May 2024. Retrieved 30 June 2018.
- ↑ Census 2022: Provinces at a Glance (PDF). Statistics South Africa. 2023. pp. 25, 61. ISBN 978-0-621-51559-6. Archived (PDF) from the original on 29 February 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2025.
- ↑ "Main Place Durban". Census 2011. Archived from the original on 19 November 2015. Retrieved 17 February 2025.
- ↑ Roberts, Debra; O'Donoghue, Sean (2013). "Urban environmental challenges and climate change action in Durban, South Africa". Environment and Urbanization. 25 (2): 299–319. doi:10.1177/0956247813500904.
- ↑ "Durban Timeline 1497-1990". South African History Online. Archived from the original on 2 March 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2025.
- ↑ Maharaj, Brij; Pillay, Vino; and Sucheran, Reshma (2008). "Durban - A subtropical coastal paradise? Tourism dynamics in a post-apartheid city". Études caribéennes (9–10). doi:10.4000/etudescaribeennes.1192. Archived from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2025.
- ↑ Sikhakhane, Naledi (4 January 2024). "Durban tourism still limping following lacklustre holiday season while KZN overall sees uptick". Daily Maverick. Archived from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2025.
- ↑ Dludla, Siphelele (24 September 2023). "Durban can wave tourism goodbye if it doesn't get its act together fast". Independent Online. Archived from the original on 15 March 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2025.
- ↑ "About EThekwini". EThekwini Municipality. Archived from the original on 30 March 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2025.
- ↑ Bason, Tom; Cook, David; and Anagnostopoulos, Christos (2015). "Legacy in major sport events: empirical insights from the 2010 FIFA World Cup in South Africa". Choregia. 11 (1): 44–61. doi:10.4127/ch.2015.0096. ISSN 1791-4027. Archived from the original on 26 April 2024. Retrieved 17 February 2025.
- ↑ Eric A. Walker (1964) [1928]. "Chapter I: The discovery". A History of Southern Africa. London: Longmans.