Zimbabwe
Republic of Zimbabwe | |
|---|---|
 Folaga
 Sekano sa setshaba
| |
Motto: "Unity, Freedom, Work"[1] | |
.svg) | |
| Mošate and largest city | Harare 17°49′45″S 31°03′08″E / 17.82917°S 31.05222°E |
| Diteme tsa semmusô | 16 languages:Cite error: Closing </ref> missing for <ref> tag |
| Demonym(s) | Zimbabwean Zimbo[3] (colloquial) |
| Government | Unitary presidential republic |
• [President of Zimbabwe|President]] | Emmerson Mnangagwa |
| Constantino Chiwenga | |
| Kembo Mohadi | |
| Legislature | Parliament |
| Senate | |
| National Assembly | |
| Independence from the United Kingdom | |
• Declared | 11 November 1965 |
• Republic | 2 March 1970 |
| 1 June 1979 | |
| 18 April 1980 | |
| 15 May 2013 | |
| Fatshe | |
• Total | 390,757 km2 (150,872 sq mi) (60th) |
• Water (%) | 1 |
| Batho | |
• 2024 January estimate | 16,868,409[4] (73rd) |
• 2022 census | = 15,178,957[5] |
• Bokete | 39/km2 (101.0/sq mi) |
| GDP (PPP) | 2023 estimate |
• Total |  $44.448 billion[6] (131st) |
• Per capita | $2,749[6] (175th) |
| GDP (nominal) | 2023 estimate |
• Total | {increase}} $32.424 billion[6] (106th) |
• Per capita | $2,005[6] (149th) |
| Gini (2019) | Tempolete:IncreaseNegative 50.3[7] high · 159th |
| HDI (2022) |  0.550[8]medium |
| Madi | Zimbabwe Gold[9] U.S. dollar ($) (USD)[10] South African rand;[10] Other currenciesTempolete:Notetag |
| Time zone | UTC+2 |
• Summer (DST) | CAT[11] |
| Date format | dd/mm/yyyy |
| Driving side | left |
| Calling code | +263 |
| Internet TLD | .zw |
Zimbabwe (/zɪmˈbɑːbweɪ, -wi/; Shona pronunciation: [/z ⁇ i.mba.bwe/]), semmuso ke Republic of Zimbabwe, ke lefatshe le le senang tleseletso e tsenang mo lewatleng mo Borwa jwa Afrika, fa gare ga dinoka tsa Zambezi le Limpopo, le tlhakanetseng molelwane le Afrika Borwa kwa borwa, Botswana kwa borwabophirima, Zambia kwa bokone, le Mozambique kwa botlhaba. Motsemogolo le toropo e kgolo go di feta tsotlhe ke Harare, mme toropo ya bobedi e kgolo go di feta tsotlhe ke Bulawayo.
Lefatshe le le na le batho ba ka nna dimilione di le lesome le borataro, le dikete tse thatarogo ya ka palobatho ya ngwaga wa 2024,[12] morafe o mogolo wa Zimbabwe ke Ba-Shona, ba ba dirang 80% ya baagi, ba latelwa ke Ba-Ndebele ba Bokone le merafe e mengwe e mennye. Lefatshe la Zimbabwe le na le dipuo di le 16 tsa semmuso,[13] tse di tlwaelesegileng thata ke Sekgoa, Se-Shona le Se-Ndebele. Zimbabwe ke leloko la United Nations, Southern African Development Community, African Union, le Common Market for Eastern and Southern Africa.
Kgaolo e e sale go nna batho ba lotso lwa San kwa go yone, ga tloga ga nna batho-bantsho dingwaga di ka nna dikete tse pedi tse di fetileng. Ka century ya bo lesome le motso, batho ba lotso lwa Shona ba ne ba aga toropokgolo ya Great Zimbabwe, e e neng ya nna nngwe ya dikgaolo tse dikgolo tsa thekiso mo Aforika ka century ya bo lesome le boraro.[14] Go tswa foo, go ne ga simololwa Kingdom of Zimbabwe, e salwa morago ke magosi a Mutapa le Rozvi. Kompone ya British South Africa ya ga Cecil Rhodes e ne ya fudugela kwa Rhodesia ka 1890 fa ba sena go fenya Mashonaland, morago ba fenya Matebeleland ka ngwaga wa 1893 morago ga ntwa ya ntlha ya BaNdebele.
Robert Mugabe o ne a nna tonakgolo wa kwa Zimbabwe ka ngwaga wa 1980 fa phathi ya gagwe ya sepolotiki ya ZANU-PF e ne e fenya ditlhopho morago ga go fedisiwa ga kgatelelo ya batho bantsho ke batho basweu, mme fa e sale jalo phathi e ke yone e e laolang. O ne a nna tautona wa lefatshe la Zimbabwe go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1987 morago ga go fetolela tsamaiso ya palamente go nan ya tautona, go fitlhelela a tlogela tiro ka ngwaga wa 2017. Mo pusong ya kgokgontsho ya ga Mugabe, maphata a tshireletso sechaba a ne a laola lefatshe ebile a ikgatholosa ditshwanelo tsa batho, selo se se neng sa kgalwa thata mo lefatsheng ka bophara.[15] Go tswa ka ngwaga wa 1997 go tsena ka wa 2008, itsholelo e ne ya wela tlase ka bonya, mme morago ya phutlhama, le fa morago ga foo e ne ya gola go sena go dirisiwa ledi le sele kwa ntle ga dolara ya Zimbabwe. Ka ngwaga wa 2017, morago ga ngwaga wa dipopelelo tse di supang go ngongoregela puso ya gagwe le itsholelo e e welang tlase, go menola puso go ne ga baka gore Mugabe a ithole marapo. Fa e sale jalo ga busa tautona Emmerson Mnangagwa e le ene tautona wa Zimbabwe.
Tlholego
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]Leina "Zimbabwe" le tswa mo lefokong la puo ya SeShona le le rayang Great Zimbabwe, toropo ya bogologolo (Masvingo) e e kwa borwa-botlhaba jwa lefatshe le. Megopolo e le mebedi e bua ka ditso tsa lefoko le. Metswedi e le mentsi e supa fa Zimbabwe a tswa mo dzimba-dza-mabwe, le ranotswe go tswa mo puong ya Karanga go raya "matlo a maje".[16][17][18]Batho ba ba buang Karanga ba lotso lwa Shona ba nna mo tikologong ya Great Zimbabwe kwa e leng Masvingo gompieno.
Folaga
Sekano sa setshaba
| |
| Mošate | and largest city Harare |
|---|---|
| Merafe ya Batho | (2012 census[4])
99.38% African (mainly Shona and Ndebele) 0.22% European 0.18% Coloured 0.08% Asian 0.02% other 0.01% not stated |
| Sedumedi | 84.1% Christianity
69.2% Protestantism 14.9% other Christian 10.2% no religion 4.5% traditional faiths 1.2% others |
| Demonym(s) | Zimbabwe |
| Legislature | Parliament • Upper house Senate • Lower house National Assembly |
| Fatshe | |
• Total | [convert: invalid number] |
| Madi | Zimbabwean dollar U.S. dollar ($) (USD)[12] South African rand;[12] Other currencies |
Metswedi
[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]
- ↑ "Zimbabwe". The Beaver County Times. 13 September 1981. Retrieved 2 November 2011.
- ↑ "The World Factbook – Zimbabwe". Central Intelligence Agency. 2 December 2021.
- ↑ "Developments in English". International Association of University Professors of English Conference. Cambridge University Press. 31 October 2014. ISBN 9781107038509 – via Google Books.
- ↑ "Zimbabwe Population Live". Retrieved 23 October 2023.
- ↑ "2022 Population and Housing Census - Preliminary Report - Zimbabwe Data Portal". zimbabwe.opendataforafrica.org. Retrieved 2023-08-09.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 6.2 6.3 "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2023 Edition. (Zimbabwe)". IMF.org. International Monetary Fund. 10 October 2023. Retrieved 15 October 2023.
- ↑ "GINI Index". World Bank. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
- ↑ "Human Development Report 2023/24" (in Sekgoa). United Nations Development Programme. 13 March 2024. Archived from the original on 19 March 2024. Retrieved 22 March 2023.
- ↑ "Zimbabwe introduces new currency as depreciation and rising inflation stoke economic turmoil". Associated Press News. 5 April 2024.
- ↑ 10.0 10.1 "Zimbabwe adopts new inflation rate based on U.S. dollar, local currency". Reuters. Harare. 3 March 2023. Retrieved 25 March 2023.
- ↑ "Zimbabwe Time". Greenwich Mean Time. Greenwich 2000. Archived from the original on 19 Phukwi 2011. Retrieved 17 Ngwanatsele 2017.
- ↑ "Zimbabwe Population (2024) - Worldometer".
- ↑ "Constitution of Zimbabwe (final draft)" (PDF). Government of Zimbabwe. January 2013. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2 October 2013 – via Kubatana.net.
- ↑ Pikirayi, Innocent (2020), "Great Zimbabwe, 1100–1600 AD, Rise, Development, and Demise of", in Smith, Claire (ed.), Encyclopedia of Global Archaeology, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 4696–4709, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-30018-0_2666, ISBN 978-3-030-30018-0, retrieved 07 March 2025
- ↑ "Zimbabwe 2015 Human Rights Report". United States Department of State Bureau of Democracy, Human Rights, and Labor. 2015. Retrieved 07 March 2025.
- ↑ "Zimbabwe – big house of stone". Somali Press. Archived from the original on 3 May 2011. Retrieved 07 March 2025.
- ↑ Lafon, Michel (1994). "Shona Class 5 revisited: a case against *ri as Class 5 nominal prefix" (PDF). Zambezia. 21: 51–80
- ↑ Vale, Lawrence J. (1999). "Mediated monuments and national identity". Journal of Architecture. 4 (4): 391–408. doi:10.1080/136023699373774. ISSN 1360-2365.