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Borogo jwa Kazungula

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Borogo jwa Kazungula ke borogo jwa tsela le jwa terena jo bo kgabaganyang noka ya Zambezi marageng ga mafatshe a Botswana le Zambia kwa toropong ya Kazungula. Borogo jo jwa makgolo a ferabongwe masome a mabedi le boraro a dimethara ka boleleele (3,028ft) le bophara jwa dimethara di le lesome le borobabobedi le sephatlo(61ft) bo sekgele sa dimethara di le lekgolo masome a mabedi le boferabongwe  go kopanya toropo ya Kazungula kwa Zambia le lefatshe la Botswana. Borogo Jo bo dirwa ke ditselana tse pedi fela le tselana ya batsamaya ka dinao mme go na le seporo se le sengwe (le fa se santse se sa gokaganngwa), se se tlaa nnang karolo ya seporo se se akanyeditsweng sa Mosetse–Kazungula–Livingstone.[1] Kago ya borogo jo, e e tsereng dingwaga di le lesome go wediwa, e ne e okametswe ke feme ya kago ya Korea Borwa ya Daewoo E&C.

Pele ga borogo jo bo bulelwa setshaba semmuso ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong ngwaga wa 2021, metsamao magareng ga mafatshe a mabedi a, ene e kgonafala fela ka tiriso ya mokoro wa pantuni. Borogo jo boile jwa tsaya tsela e khutshwane ya sekgele sa dimethara di le lekgolo masome a mararo le botlhano (440ft) eo e kopanyang mafatshe a mabedi a kwa nokeng,[2] mme  jwa iphaphatha go itsa go tsenya melelwane ya mafatshe a a mabapi a Namibia le Zimbabwe.[3][4]

E ne ya re ka kgwedi ya Phatwe ngwaga wa 2007, bo goromente ba mafatshe a Zambia le Botswana ba tsena mo tumalanong ya go aga borogo boemong jwa pantuni kana mokoro o o ntseng o dirisiwa.[5] Tiro e, e e neng e dirwa ke kompone ya lefatshe la South Korea ebong Daewoo E&C ee akaretsang molelwane wa ditshabatsaba magareng ga Zambia le Botswana, e lopile di dikadike dile dikete dile masome a mabedi, masome a  matlhono le boferabongwe le metso ele meraro ya dollara ya America. E simologile semmuso ka kgwedi ya Phalane e tlhola malatsi ale lesome le bobedi ngwaga wa 2014 mme ya  wela ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong e tlhola malatsi ale lesome ngwaga wa 2021.[6] Pulo semmuso ene ya diega ka ntlha ya kgang ya dipalamo e e neng ya kgoreletswa ke leroborobo la COVID 19.[7]

Ka 2013, dipuso tsa Botswana le Zambia di ne tsa laletsa dikopo tsa go aga Borogo jwa Kazungula ka ditshenyegelo tse di akanyediwang go nna didikadike di le US$260, mmogo le dikago tsa molelwane tse di agilweng mo matlhakoreng oo mabedi a borogo. Kago e e ne ya bolelwa fa e tla tlamelwa ka matlole ka bontlhabongwe ka kadimo ya didikadike di le $80 e e saenilweng ka Tlhakole 2013 magareng ga Zambia le African Development Bank, mmogo le magareng ga Botswana le Japanese International  Cooperation Agency (JICA).[8] Kwa kopanong eo, go ne ga itsisiwe gore porojeke e tla wediwa mo dingwageng di le thataro, mme mofenyi o tla tlhoka go tlamela ka ditirelo tsa bagakolodi, go sekaseka mealo, go tlhagisa ditokomane tsa go tsenela dikopo, go okamela ditiro, le ditirelo tsa morago ga kago.[9]

Ngwaga o o latelang, matlo a le masome mane a a neng a tla emisetsa batho ba motse wa Lumbo a ne a siametse go abiwa ka tiro ya ntlha ya go aga e ne e setse e simolotse. Go ya ka Molaodi wa Kgaolo ya Kazungula Pascalina Musokotwane, matlo a le masome a mane le sekolo di ne tsa neelwa banni ba motse oo ka kgwedi ya Phatwe 2014.[9]

Ka Mopitlo wa 2014, dikompone di le tharo di ne tsa tlhophiwa go tsenelela kopo ya kago mo ditsenngwateng tsa ntlha di le masome a mabedi le borataro. Ba ba neng ba fitlha kwa makgaolakgannyeng e ne e le China Major Bridge Engineering Corporation, Daewoo E and C, le bokopano jwa Shimizu-Stefanuti.[9]

Ka Phatwe 2014, Bernard Chiwala, Moeteledipele wa Setheo sa Tlhabololo ya Ditsela sa Zambia, o ne a bolela gore thulaganyo yotlhe ya kago e tla newa Botswana mme e tla tlamelwa ka matlole a a kopanetsweng ka ditshenyegelo tsotlhe tsa didikadike di le US$124.22 mme go ne go solofetswe gore e tla wediwa mo dingwageng di le nne, e leng dingwaga di robabobedi tse di khutshwane go feta tse di fetileng. Ka fa tlase ga tumalano, JICA e ne e tla tlamela ka US$41.77 milione, ADB US$78.41, fa Puso ya Zambia e tla tlamela ka US$1.57 milione.[9]

Kago ya borogo jo bogolo jwa Kazungula kwa Zambia e simolotse morago ga moletlo wa go simolola borogo ka Lwetse a le lesome le bobedi 2014. Kwa moletlong o o neng o tshwerwe kwa letlhakoreng la Botswana la molelwane wa Kazungula, Mothusa Tauona wa Zambia Guy Scott le molekane wa gagwe wa Botswana, Ponatshego Kedikilwe ba ne ba amogela bobegadikgang mme gape ba bega gore tlhwatlhwa e tla a nna US$259.3 wa didikadike, e tla wediwa ka 2018, le gore rakonteraka yo o tlhophilweng e tla nna Daewoo Engineering and Construction.[9]

Ka 2018, botautona ba bararo ebong wa Zimbabwe Emmerson Mnangagwa, Seretse Khama wa Botswana, le Edgar Lungu wa Zambia, ba ne ba tlhatlhoba kgatelopele ya Borogo jwa Kazungula. Mo kopanong e, go ne ga dumalanwa gore Zimbabwe e nne karolo ya legato lwa bobedi la porojeke.[9]

Go nna le seabe ga Zimbabwe go senotswe ka nako ya kopano ya bobegadikgang ke Tona ya Dipalamo le Ditlhaeletsano ya Botswana Kitso Mokaila, Tona ya Dipalamo le Tlhabololo ya Mafaratlhatlha ya Zimbabwe Joram Gumbo, le Tona ya Tlhabololo ya Matlo le Mafaratlhatlha ya Zambia Ronald Chitotela.[9]

Ka Mopitlo 2019, kago e ne ya ema morago ga gore Daewoo Engineering and Construction e palelwe ke go duelelwa ditirelo tsa yone ke puso ya Zambia. Daewoo e boletse gore kgang eo e dirile gore badiri ba ngale tiro mo madirelong, mme Motsamaisi wa Tsamaiso Hong Seouk Park o boletse gore mathata ao a madi a dirile gore go nne thata le go feta go boloka ditshenyegelo tsa go tsamaisa kompone. Botswana e ne e duetse porojeke mme Zambia e ne e sa e duela, se se rayang gore go ne go kolotiwa palogotlhe ya didikadike di le US $14.84.[9]

Ka Motsheganong 2019, Tautona Edgar Lungu wa Zambia o ne a bolela gore porojeke e "weditswe ka 78%" mme o na le tsholofelo ya gore porojeke e tla wediwa ka nako e e beilweng.[9]

Ka kgwedi ya Ngwanatsele 2019, mogakolodi Rre Kobamelo Kgoboko o boletse fa tiro e weditswe ka 91.92%, fa letlhakore la Botswana le weditswe ka 98.7% fa letlhakore la Zambia le weditswe ka 80.5%. Go ne ga bolelwa gape gore dipilara di le thataro mo go di ferabobedi di weditswe. Le fa go ntse jalo, go ne ga itsisiwe gore porojeke e tla busediwa morago go Seetebosigo 2020, se se rayang gore porojeke e tla bulwa dikgwedi di le lesome morago ga nako e e beilweng.[9]

Ka Phalane 2020, Lephata la Dipalamo le Ditlhaeletsano la Botswana le boletse gore borogo le dithotobolo tsa go atamela di weditswe, mme molelwane wa Botswana o weditswe ka 98.44% ka ditshenyegelo tsa didikadike tsa US $38.4, mme molelwane wa Zambia o weditswe ka 99.40% ka ditshenyegelo tsa didikadike tsa US $191.[9]

Ka Sedimonthole, Tona ya Tlhabololo ya Matlo le Mafaratlhatlha ya Zambia Vincent Mwale o boletse gore palogotlhe ya US $82.3m e duetswe ke Zambia, ka tlaleletso ya US $73.7m e e tla gololwang ka Sedimonthole le US $8.7m e e tla duelwang kwa bokhutlong jwa ngwaga. Dipolelo tseno e ne e le go tsibogela ditatofatso tsa gore Puso ya Zambia e paletswe ke go duela madi a yone mme ga e kitla e tlotla madi a a setseng a a kolotiwang rakonteraka. Vincent Mwale o ne a tswelela ka go re o "rata go kwala gore dipolelo tse ga jaana di anamisiwang ka metswedi ya dikgang, tse di bolelang gore Puso ya Zambia e paletswe ke go duela dituelo tsa yone mme ga e kitla e tlotla madi a a setseng a a kolotiwang Rakonteraka, ga di a nepagala".[9]

Ka Motsheganong a le lesome 2021, borogo bo ne jwa bulwa semmuso.[9][6]

Mo moletlong wa pulo eo, badiredi ba Botswana le ba Zambia ba bapile le Tautona wa Botswana Rre Mokgweetsi Masisi le Tautona wa Zambia Rre Edgar Lungu ba ne ba akgola go wediwa ga tiro eo. Tautona wa Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) Felix Tshisekedi, Tautona wa Mozambique Filipe Nyusi, le Tautona wa Zimbabwe Emmerson Mnangagwa le bone ba ne ba le teng.[9]

Setshwantsho sa borogo jwa Kazungula go tswa mo mokorong

Bontlha bongwe jwa seporo se se kgabaganyang Borogo jwa Kanzungula ga jaana e kgaogane le mafaratlhatlha a diterena tsa Zambia le Botswana, fela go rulagantswe gore a tsenngwe mo Seporong se se akanyeditsweng sa Mosetse–Kazungula–Livingstone.[10][11][12]

Ditshedimosetso tse dingwe

[fetola | Fetola Motswedi]
  1. ↑ Mwale, Chimwemwe (6 September 2007). "Trade boom lies in wait for Kazungula Bridge". Zambia Daily Mail. Archived from the original on 1 December 2017. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
  2. ↑ Botswana–Zambia Land Boundary". Sovereign Limits. Retrieved 7 December 2022
  3. ↑ "2. Project description and Justification", Zambia Botswana Kazungula Bridge Project ESIA Summary July 2011 (PDF), African Development Bank Group, July 2011, p. 2, archived from the original (PDF) on 6 November 2015, retrieved 30 January 2018, The bridge has been designed as an extra-dosed road-rail bridge configuration with middle deck sections of 129m, and 4 piers in the river, with a total length of 923m. It follows a curved alignment layout to avoid the border area in the Zambezi waters between Botswana and Zimbabwe, where the exact border positions have not been ratified.
  4. ↑ Ganetsang, Godfrey (4 September 2014). "Daewoo E&C wins $161m tender for Kazungula Bridge". Sunday Standard. Archived from the original on 24 July 2017. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
  5. ↑ Zambia, Botswana reach Kazungula bridge deal". Palapye.com News Blog. AFP. 4 August 2007. Archived from the original on 3 October 2017. Retrieved 30 January 2018
  6. 1 2 Kazungula Bridge to be completed". ZNBC. 28 October 2018. Archived from the original on 18 November 2018. Retrieved 17 November 2018
  7. ↑ Unexplained delays in the multi-billion rand Kazungula Bridge". News 24. 22 December 2020. Retrieved 5 January 2021
  8. ↑ Kazungula Bridge project in Southern Africa to be commissioned soon". Construction Review. 28 March 2018. Retrieved 26 November 2018.
  9. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 Ayemba, Dennis (2 August 2021). "Kazungula Bridge in Botswana/Zambia". Constructionreview. Retrieved 7 Phalane 2025.
  10. ↑ "Botswana says China agreed to extend loan and cancel debt". Reuters. 9 September 2018. Archived from the original on 29 April 2021. Retrieved 7 Phalane 2025. The bulk of the loan is expected to fund the Mosetse-Kazungula railway line project, which will link the central part of Botswana to the tourism hub in the northwest. The railway line will also promote regional trade as it will connect Botswana to Zambia via the Kazungula Bridge, currently under construction.
  11. ↑ "Zambia, Botswana to construct railway across Zambezi". 29 July 2019. Archived from the original on 20 October 2020. Retrieved 7 Phalane 2025.
  12. ↑ [1] Archived 26 June 2021 at the Wayback Machine
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