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Chobe National Park

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Chobe National Park
Wildebeest and zebras in Chobe National Park
Map showing the location of Chobe National Park
Map showing the location of Chobe National Park
LefeloBotswana
Toropo e gaufiKasane
Coordinates18°40′S 24°30′E / 18.667°S 24.500°E / -18.667; 24.500Coordinates: 18°40′S 24°30′E / 18.667°S 24.500°E / -18.667; 24.500
Area11,700 km2 (4,500 sq mi)
Motheo1967

Chobe National Park ke lefelo la tshomarelo di tsatlholego la ntlha mo Botswana ebile mefuta ya ditsatlholego e feta ya mafelo a mangwe. Lefelo le le leng mo kgaolong ya Bokone jwa lefatshe, le latela Central Kalahari Game Reserve ga mmogo le Gemsbok National Park ka botona ebile ke lengwe la mafelo a a nang le palo e kgolo ya diphologolo mo Aferika.

Serapa se na le dinonyane tse di farologaneng mo godimo ga dikwena, dikubu, ditau le di-lechwes.[1] Serapa se na le palo e kgolo ya ditlou mo kontinenteng ya Afrika.[2] Serapa se atologa ka disekwerekilometara di ka nna 10,600 go tswa kwa Kasane go ya kwa Savuti, serapa seno se akaretsa dikarolo tsa sekaka, ditsobotla le sekgwa, ke karolo ya Kalahari, ka jalo se na le tikologo e e omeletseng, mo karolong e e kwa bokone go kgabaganya dinoka tsa Chobe le Linyati.[3] Go tloga ka bo 1960 go ya pele, palo ya ditlou mo lefelong leo e ne ya oketsega fa mefuta e mengwe ya diamusi e ne e farologana go le gonnye, ka dingwe di ne tsa fokotsega ka palo mme tse dingwe di ne di oketsega.[4]

Mo bogareng jwa dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro (1960), lefelo le le neng le na le mefuta e megolo ya diamusi di le masome a mararo le borobabongwe . Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le bone , Mikaelelo Game Reserve e ne ya okediwa mo parakeng. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bone, phaka e ne ya bulelwa batho botlhe mme ya nna lefelo le le ngokang bajanala le mo go lone e neng ya amogela baeti ba le dikete tse pedi le makgolo a matlhanomo ngwageng wa ntlha wa go bulwa.[5] Nngwe ya dikarolo tsa serapa sa bosetšhaba ke Savuti Marsh, e e nang le bojang jo bo telele jo bo leng gaufi le Madabe Depression, letsha la bogologolo kwa bokone jwa naga.[6] Go ya ka tshedimosetso e e tswang kwa UNESCO World Heritage Center, Chobe National Park ke phaka ya bosetšhaba ya boraro ka bogolo mo Botswana.[7]

Mabala a merwalela a a mo teng ga Chobe National Park a fetogile mo lobakeng lwa dingwaga di le masome a mane, mo dimela tse di tshwanang le Cynodon dactylon le Vetiveria nigritana di okametseng lefelo la National Park.[8] Go ya ka dipalopalo tsa National Geographic, National Park e ne e na le ditlou tse di fopholediwang go 120 000 mo dingwageng tsa bo dikete tse pedi .[9] Morago ga patlisiso ya 2005, go ne ga lemogiwa gore 60% ya bajanala ba ba neng ba etela mafelo a a sireleditsweng a tlholego a kwa bokone jwa Botswana ba ne ba etetse Chobe National Park.[10] Mo dikgaolong tse di kwa kgakala tsa phaka, jaaka Avuti Marshes, mefuta e e sa tlwaelegang ya Dintša tsa Naga tsa Aforika (Lycaon pictus) e ka bonwa.[1]

Ditso

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Ditau di ja letsomo
Hippopotamus in Chobe
Jackal Pup
Southern African cheetah
White-backed vultures (Gyps africanus) near the Cuando River
Common warthogs (Phacochoerus africanus) on the banks of the Chobe River

Banni ba ntlha ba lefelo le e ne e le Basarwa. E ne e le batho ba ba hudugang kgapetsa kgapetsa ba tsoma diphologo, ba senka maungo ga mmogo le metsi. Mo nakong ya gompieno, botaki jwa Basarwa bo a bonala mo mantsweng a a leng mo lefelong leo.

Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le bongwe, kgaolo e e neng ya nna Botswana e ne ya kgaoganngwa mme lefelo le ya nna la puso.

Kwa tshimologong ya lekgolo la bo20 la dingwaga, kgaolo e e neng ya nna Botswana e ne e kgaogantswe ka ditsamaiso tse di farologaneng tsa go nna le lefatshe. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mararo le bongwe (1931_), ga tswa mogopolo wa go dira lefelo le le tlaa somarelang di tsatlholego ka mefuta. Ngwaga o latelang, gone kganelwa go tsoma mo dikilomethareng di le diketse tse masome a mabedi le bone (24 000) mo kgaolong ya Chobe, mme dikhilomethara tse di ne tsa okediwa go tshwara 31 600 ngwaga tse pedi tse di latelang.

Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a mane le boraro( 1943), ga nna le tsetse e ntsi mo kgaolong, mo go neng ga busetsa morago tshimologo ya lefelo le. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le boraro (1953), goromente o ne a biela mo tirong e: dikhilomethara di le 21,000 ya nna lefelo la tlhokomelo ya diphologolo. Chobe Game Reserve e ne ya tlhamiwa ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro (1960), le fa lefelo la teng le ne le le lennye go na le jaaka go ne go eleditswe. Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a marataro le bosupa , lefelo le ne la dirwa lefelo la tshomarelo di tsatlholego.[11]

Ka nako eo, go ne go na le metse ya madirelo e le mmalwa, bogolo jang kwa Serondela, ko madirelong a legong a godileng teng. Metse e e ne ya huduga ka iketlo go tswa mo lefelong le, mme ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a supa le botlhanogo ne go sena batho mo lefelong le. Mo bo gompienong, masalela a madirelo ao a santse a bonala hale le hale kwa Serondela. Dikoketsego tse di potlana tsa lefelo le di nnile teng ka dingwaga tsa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi( 1980)le ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bosupa(1987).

Serapa seno sa bosetšhaba se na le palo e kgolo ya ditlou mo Botswana.[12] Ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabongwe le bone (1994), World Wide Fund for Nature e ne ya thusa puso ya Botswana go baakanyetsa leano la taolo ya palo ya ditlou tsa serapa sa bosetšhaba.[13] Gaufi le Serondela, go begilwe mefuta e ka nna makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano ya dinonyane go bapa le noka jaaka di-skimmers le di- Stork.[14] Nngwe ya mafelo a serapa sa bosetšhaba ke Savuti e e mo karolong e e ka fa bophirima jwa serapa, lefelo leno le na le dimela tse di nang le dikgong le dimela jaaka Vachellia erioloba, mo godimo ga Noka ya Savuti, e e neng e elela mo serapeng gangwe le gape go fitlha ka dingwaga tsa bo sekete,makgolo a robabobedi le masome a robabobedi (1880), noka eno e ne ya kgala ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a matlhano le borobabobedi (1958). Go tloga ka ngwaga oo go ya pele, noka e ne ya simolola go elela mo parakeng ngwaga le ngwaga go fitlha ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bongwe (1981), fa e emisa go elela.[15]

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Lefelo leno la diphologolo se ka kgaoganngwa ka dikarolo di le nnè, nngwe le nngwe ya tsone e na le tikologo e e farologaneng:

  • Lefelo la Serondela (kgotsa lotshitshi lwa noka ya Chobe), le le kwa bokone-botlhaba jwa phaka, le na le mafelo a magolo a a nang le merwalela le dikgwa tse di kitlaneng tsa Afzelia quanzensis, Baikiaea plurijuga le ditlhare tse dingwe tse di thata tse jaanong di fokoditsweng ke kgatelelo e kgolo ya ditlou. Noka ya Chobe, e e elelang go bapa le molelwane o o kafa bokonebotlhaba jwa phaka eno, ke lefelo le legolo le go nosediwang mo go lone, segolobogolo ka paka e e omileng go tloga ka kgwedi ya Motsheganong go ya ko go ya Phalaner fa go na le metlhape e megolo ya ditlou tsa mo Afrika, di-giraffe tsa kwa Angola, di-sable antelope le dinare tsa mo Afrika. Mabala a a nang le merwalela ke one fela mafelo a go bonwang kgama ya puku kwa go one kwa Botswana. Go bonwa dinonyane tse dintsi tse di jang dinotshe tsa carmine tsa kwa borwa ka paka ya selemo. Fa go na le merwalela, dinonyane tsa mo Afrika tse di bidiwang di-spoonbill, di-ibis, mefuta e e farologaneng ya dikgama, matata le dinonyane tse dingwe tsa metsi di thologela mo lefelong leno. Eno e ka tswa e le karolo e e etelwang thata ya Chobe, ka gonne e le gaufi le diphororo tsa Victoria, kwa Zambia. Toropo ya Kasane, e e leng kwa tlase ga noka, ke yone e e botlhokwa thata mo kgaolong eno mme ke yone kgoro e e kwa bokone ya phaka eno.
  • Lefelo la Savuti Marsh, le le bogolo jwa 10,878 km2 (4,200 sq mi), le bopa karolo e e kwa bophirima ya phaka (50 km (31 mi) kwa bokone jwa Kgoro ya Mababe). Savuti Marsh ke masalela a letsha le legolo le le neng le le mo teng ga naga le le neng la kgaolwa metsi bogologolo ka ntlha ya go thulana ga matlapa a lefatshe. Gompieno seretse seno se nosediwa ke Mosele wa Savuti o o sa tlhomamang, o o nnang o omeletse ka lobaka lo loleele, mme morago ga moo o bo o boa o elela gape ka ntlha ya go thunya ga lefatshe mo lefelong leno. Gone jaanong e a elela gape mme ka kgwedi ya Hirikgong,ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome( 2010) e ne ya fitlha kwa Savuti Marsh e le lekgetlho la ntlha fa e sa le ka ngwaga wa sekete,makgolo a robabongwe le masome a robabobedi le bobedi . Ka ntlha ya go elela gono go go sa tlhomamang, go na le ditlhare di le makgolokgolo tse di suleng go bapa le lotshitshi lwa molapo. Gape kgaolo eno e na le dithaba tse dikgolo tsa savannah le mafulo a a nang le makgabana, e leng se se dirang gore diphologolo tsa naga di nne le botshelo jo bo kgatlhang thata mo karolong eno ya serapa seno. Ka paka ya komelelo, go bonwa ditshukudu tse dintsho le tse ditshweu, di-warthog, di-kudu tse dikgolo, di-impala, dipitse tsa Burchell, di-gnu tse di phuduhudu le motlhape wa ditlou. Ka paka ya dipula, go na le mefuta e le makgolo a mane le masome a matlhano ya dinonyane. Ditau, diphiri, dipitse tsa naga kgotsa ka sewelo fela, Mangau a kwa borwabotlhaba jwa Afrika le tsone di a bonwa. Kgaolo eno e itsege ka go fuduga ga dipitse tsa naga le dibatana tsa naga ngwaga le ngwaga.
  • Motlhaba wa Linyanti, o o kwa sekhutlong se se kwa bokonebophirima jwa phaka le kwa bokone jwa Savuti, o bapile le Noka ya Linyanti. Kwa bophirima jwa lefelo leno go na le Selinda Reserve mme mo lotshitshing lo lo kwa bokone lwa Noka ya Kwando go na le Nkasa Rupara National Park ya Namibia. Go dikologa dinoka tseno tse pedi go na le dikgwa tse di fa thoko ga noka, dikgwa tse di bulegileng mmogo le matsha, mme karolo e e setseng ya kgaolo eno e na le dipoa tse di nang le merwalela. Go na le matsomane a magolo a ditau, mangau a Afrika, dintša tsa naga tsa Afrika, di-roan antelope, di-sable antelope, setlhopha sa dinare le matsomane a ditlou tsa Afrika. Lechwe e khibidu e e sa bonweng motlhofo, sitatunga le dikwena tsa Nile le tsone di nna mo lefelong leno. Dinonyane di dintsi ka ditsela tse di farologaneng.
  • Magareng ga mafelo a a bongola a Linyanti le Savuti go na le lefelo le le mogote le le omileng le le kwa morago ga naga, le le nang le dikgwa tsa tlhaga tsa Nogatsaa. Karolo eno ga e itsiwe thata mme ke lefelo le le molemo la go bona di-eland.

Tshomarelo ya ditlou

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E re ka e na le metsi a mantsi, phaka e itsege thata ka palo e kgolo ya ditlou, tse go fopholediwang gore di ka nna 50 000. [16]Kgaolo eno ke legae la ditlou tsa Kalahari, tse di bopang metlhape e megolo go gaisa ya ditlou tse dingwe tse di itsegeng. Ditlou tsa Kalahari di na le dinaka tsa tlou tse di seng thata le dinaka tse dikhutshwane, gongwe e le ka ntlha ya go tlhaela ga calcium mo mmung. Mo mafelong mangwe go na le tshenyo e ntsi e e bakwang ke palo e kgolo ya ditlou. Tota e bile, selekanyo sa yone se kwa godimo thata mo Chobe yotlhe mo e leng gore go ne go kile ga akanyetswa go kgaola ditshedi mo nakong e e fetileng,[17] mme go ne ga tsewa gore go na le dikganetsano tse dintsi mme go fitlha jaanong tsamaiso ya phaka e ntse e sa dumalane le seo. Ka paka ya komelelo, ditlou tseno di nna mo dintshing tsa Noka ya Chobe le Noka ya Linyanti. Ka paka ya dipula, di fuduga sekgala sa dikilometara di le 200 go ya kwa karolong e e kwa borwabotlhaba jwa serapa seno. Le fa go ntse jalo, lefelo le di anamang mo go lone le feta lefelo leno la bojanala mme le anamela kwa bokonebophirima jwa Zimbabwe.

Badisa ba diphologolo tsa naga ba dikologa serapa seno ka metlha e bile ba na le dithata tsa go thuntsha batho ba ba belaelwang e le batsomi ba ba seng kafa molaong. Ka ngwaga wa dikete tse pedi le lesome le borataro (2016), balemirui ba le babedi ba ne ba thuntshiwa morago ga go bonwa bosigo ba tshwere dinaka. [18]

Ditsela

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Maemo a ditsela mo Chobe National Park a ikaegile thata ka setlha le pula; motho o tlhoka koloi ya 4x4 go tsamaya mo Phakeng. Letsha le le kitlaneng e nna bothata kwa Chobe River Front ka dikgwedi tse di omileng, segolo thata fa dithemperetšha di tlhatloga, fa ka nako ya dipula ditsela tse di gaufi le noka di nna seretse. [19]

Savuti

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Ditsela tsa Savuti, segolo thata tsela ya Sandridge e e kwa bophirima go tswa kwa Kgorong ya Mababe le ditsela tse di kwa bokone le kwa borwa jwa kanale ya Savuti gantsi di na le motlhaba o montsi mme go thata go kgweetsa mo go tsone. Fa pula e setse e na, go kgweetsa mo ditseleng tsa mošawa go na le kotsi ya go kgoreletsega, ka gonne mmu o montsho o o bongola wa katune o nna o sa tsamaege.[19]

Nogatsaa

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Ditsela tsa Nogatsaa di tlala metsi ka dikgwedi tsa dipula mme ke karolo e nnye fela ya tsela e e ka kgweediwang ka nako eno. Mo dikgweding tsa komelelo, diphologolo tseno di tsamaya di tswa mo sekgweng se sengwe di ya kwa go se sengwe mo ditseleng tse di nang le mafelo a mannye a a tletseng motlhaba. Fa ba sena go tswa mo tseleng ya tar go tswa kwa Kasane, batho ba ne ba tshwanela go kgweetsa mo motlhabeng o o kitlaneng ka dikilometara di le masome a mabedi pele ba fitlha mo tseleng ya motlhaba. [19]

The Savuti Marsh seen from space in May 2012
A baby African bush elephant on the banks of the Chobe River

Bona

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Metswedi

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  1. 1 2 Zyl, Melanie. "Botswana's 4 unmissable national parks are truly wild". Lonely Planet. Retrieved 2022-09-09.
  2. ↑ Berry, Oliver. "World's most dangerous animals". Times Travel. Retrieved 2022-09-09.
  3. ↑ Rattray, Gordon (2009). Access Africa: Safaris for People with Limited Mobility (in Sekgoa). Bradt Travel Guides. ISBN 978-1-84162-286-6.
  4. ↑ Skarpe, Christina; Toit, Johan T. du; Moe, Stein R. (2014-04-02). Elephants and Savanna Woodland Ecosystems: A Study from Chobe National Park, Botswana (in Sekgoa). John Wiley & Sons. p. 72. ISBN 978-1-118-85858-5.
  5. ↑ Child, Brian; Suich, Helen; Anna, Spenceley (2012-05-04). Evolution and Innovation in Wildlife Conservation: Parks and Game Ranches to Transfrontier Conservation Areas (in Sekgoa). Routledge. pp. 58–59. ISBN 978-1-136-56609-7.
  6. ↑ Bothma, Jacobus du P.; Walker, Clive (2013-11-11). Larger Carnivores of the African Savannas (in Sekgoa). Springer Science & Business Media. ISBN 978-3-662-03766-9.
  7. ↑ "Chobe Linyanti System". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 2022-09-09.
  8. ↑ Dipotso, F. M.; Skarpe, C. (2006-04-01). "Population status and distribution of puku in a changing riverfront habitat in northern Botswana". South African Journal of Wildlife Research. 36 (1): 89–97. doi:10.10520/EJC117225.
  9. ↑ Downs, Roger M.; Day, Frederick A. (2005). National Geographic Almanac of Geography (in Sekgoa). National Geographic. ISBN 978-0-7922-6834-5.
  10. ↑ Mogende, Emmanuel; Naomi, Moswete (2019). "Stakeholder perceptions on the environmental impacts of wildlife-based tourism at the Chobe National Park River Front, Botswana". Botswana Journal of African Studies (in Sekgoa). 32 (1): 50. Archived from the original on 2022-11-04. Retrieved 2022-11-04.
  11. ↑ Compion, Shem (2012). Insider's Guide: Top Wildlife Photography Spots in Botswana and Namibia (in Sekgoa). Jacana Media. p. 81. ISBN 978-1-4314-0259-5. The Chobe National Park was officialy established in 1967, but since most of the land was already protected, the area has in effect been under conservation since the early 1930s.
  12. ↑ Houten, Carolyn (2019). "Botswana, land of elephants". The Washington Post. Retrieved 2022-10-23.
  13. ↑ African Elephants--coral Reefs: Hearing Before the Subcommittee on Fisheries Conservation, Wildlife, and Oceans of the Committee on Resources, House of Representatives, One Hundred Fifth Congress, First Session, on H.R. 39 ... and H. Con. Res. 8 ... March 13, 1997--Washington, DC (in Sekgoa). U.S. Government Printing Office. 1997. ISBN 978-0-16-054985-4.
  14. ↑ Riley, Laura; Riley, William (2005). Nature's Strongholds: The World's Great Wildlife Reserves (in Sekgoa). Princeton University Press. pp. 29–30. ISBN 978-0-691-12219-9.
  15. ↑ Barnes, Myra E. (2001). "Effects of large herbivores and fire on the regeneration of Acacia erioloba woodlands in Chobe National Park, Botswana". African Journal of Ecology. 39 (4): 340–350. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2028.2001.00325.x. ISSN 0141-6707.
  16. ↑ Centre, UNESCO World Heritage. "Chobe Linyanti System". UNESCO World Heritage Centre. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  17. ↑ Elephant culls in Chobe". Archived from the original on 2008-01-11. Retrieved 2006-06-13.
  18. ↑ amaBhungane (2016-03-18). "Botswana's 'shoot-to-kill policy' against suspected poachers". AmaBhungane Centre for Investigative Journalism. Retrieved 2026-05-11.
  19. 1 2 3 "Chobe National Park, October 2017". Independent Travellers. independent-travellers.com. Retrieved March 17, 2018.

Dikgoge tsa kwa ntle

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