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Ian Khama Seretse Khama

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Ian Khama
4th President of Botswana
In office
1 April 2008 – 1 April 2018
Vice PresidentMompati Merafhe
Ponatshego Kedikilwe
Mokgweetsi Masisi
Pele Ga GagweFestus Mogae
Morago Ga GagweMokgweetsi Masisi
5th Vice President of Botswana
In office
13 July 1998 – 1 April 2008
PresidentFestus Mogae
Pele Ga GagweFestus Mogae
Morago Ga GagweMompati Sebogodi Merafhe
Ka Ga Ena
O tsetsweIan Seretse Khama
(1953-02-27) 27 February 1953 (age 72)
Chertsey, England, UK
MokgatlhoBotswana Patriotic Front (since 2019)
Dikamano tse dingwe
tsa sepolotiki		Botswana Democratic Party (until 2019)
BatsadiSeretse Khama (father)
Ruth Williams (mother)
Alma materRoyal Military Academy Sandhurst
Military service
Allegiance Botswana
Dingwaga tsa tiro1977–1998
RankLieutenant General
CommandsBotswana Defence Force

Ian Khama Seretse Khama[1] (o tshotswe ka Tlhakole a le masome mabedi le bosupa 1953[2] ko Chertsey, Surrey, United Kingdom) ke tautona wa bone ya lefatshe la Botswana go tloga ka Moranang a rogwa 2008 go fitlha ka Moranang a rogwa 2018, gape ke kgosikgolo ya bangwato. Ke ngwana wa ntlha wa tautona wa ntlha wa Botswana, Sir Seretse Khama le mme Ruth Khama.

Fa a a sena go rola marapo kwa sesoleng, ko a neng e le molaodi wa sesole sa botswana (BDF), Ian khama o ne a tsena mo dipolotiking mme a nna Mothusa-Tautona wa Botswana go tloga ka 1998 go fitlha ka 2008, morago a tlhatlhama Festus Mogae jaaka tautona ka Moranang a rogwa 2008. O fentse paka e e tletseng mo ditlhophong tsa 2009 mme a tlhophiwa gape ka Phalane 2014.[3]

Botshelo jwa pele

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Ian Khama ke ngwana wa bobedi wa ga Sir Seretse Khama (Phukwi a rogwa 1921 – Phukwi a le lesome boraro 1980), moeteledipele yo o kwa pele wa boipuso jwa Botswana le tautona wa lone go tloga ka 1966 go fitlha ka 1980, le Lady Khama. O tsholetswe kwa Chertsey, Surrey, fa rraagwe a ne a ile lejwa kwa United Kingdom, ka ntlha ya kganetso ya puso ya bokolone le puso ya tlhaolele ya Aforika Borwa mo lenyalong la gagwe le mosadi wa mosweu.[4]

Gape ke ngwana-wa-ngwana wa ga Sekgoma II (1869–1925), yo e neng e le kgosikgolo ya morafe wa Bamangwato, le kokomane ya ga Khama III (1837–1923), kgosi ya bone. Rraagwemogologolwane Kgosikgolo Sekgoma I e ne e le Kgosi ya morafe wa Bamangwato (1815–1885). Leina "Seretse" le raya “letsopa le le bofaganyang”, mme le ne la fiwa rraagwe go keteka poelano ya bosheng ya ga rraagwe le rraagwemogolo; poelano eno e ne ya netefaletsa tlhatlogo ya ga Seretse Khama mo setilong sa bogosi fa rraagwe yo o tsofetseng a ne a tlhokafala ka 1925. Ian Seretse Khama o reeletswe ka rraagwe go tsweletsa boswa joo jwa ditso. Gape o itsege fela ka leina la Ian Khama go mo farologanya le rraagwe. Tshekedi Khama II, morwarraagwe Ian Khama, o ne a bidiwa ka malomaabone yo mogolo, Tshekedi Khama yo e neng e le moeteledipele le motlhokomedi wa ga Seretse Khama, tautona wa ntlha wa Botswana.[5]

Thuto le tiro ya bosole

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Ian Khama o rutetswe kwa Waterford Kamhlaba, e leng Kholetšhe ya Lefatshe e e Kopaneng kwa Mbabane,[6] le kwa Sekolong sa Sesole sa Bogosi sa Sandhurst.[7] Ke mokgweetsi wa sefofane yo o tlhomameng.[8] Ka Moranang 1977, Khama o ne a tlhongwa go nna brigadier general wa sesole a le dingwaga di le masome mabedi le bone ka nako ya Botautona jwa ga Sir Seretse Khama, mme seo sa dira gore e nne Mothusa Molaodi wa ga Mothusa-Tautona wa pele moswi Lt. Gen. Mompati Merafhe. Moragonyana o ne a dira jaaka Molaodi wa Sesole sa Botswana (BDF) go tloga fa a tlhomiwa ka 1989, a rola tiro mo maemong ao ka 1998. Ka nako eo, Khama o ne a amogela ditlotla tsa sesole, go akaretsa le Sekgele sa Modiredi wa Mothei ka ntlha ya go nna karolo ya Sesole sa Botswana fa se ne se tlhamiwa ka 1998, Duty Code Order sa boineelo mo tirong, Seetsele sa Tirelo e e Tlotlegang ka 1997 morago ga dingwaga di le masome mabedi tsa tirelo.[9]

Tiro ya sepolotiki

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Khama ka nako ya loeto lwa puso kwa Chile ka 2017

Khama, a direla jaaka Molaodi wa Sesole sa Botswana, o ne a itsise ka Sedimonthole a le lesome le borataro 1997 gore o tla tlogela tiro ya gagwe ka Mopitlo a le masome mararo le motso 1998. Ka letsatsi leo e ne e le lone letsatsi le le neng le rulagantswe go rola tiro ga ga Tautona Quett Masire, le ne la tlhotlheletsa dikakanyetso tsa sepolotiki ka ga Khama.[10] Ka Moranang a rogwa 1998, fa Mothusa Tautona Festus Mogae a ne a tlhatlhama Masire go nna tautona, Khama o ne a tlhomiwa go nna mothusa tautona yo mosha. Le fa go ntse jalo, Khama o ne a sa tshware setilo mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba, mme ka jalo o ne a sa kgone go nna mothusatautona ka bonako. Mo tshimologong ya Phukwi 1998 o ne a fenya ditlhopho tsa poeletso kwa Serowe Bokone, a amogela ditlhopho di le 2,986 kgatlhanong le ditalama di le masome a ferabongwe le borataro tsa ntlhopheng wa lekoko la kganetso la Botswana National Front.[11] Ka Phukwi a le lesome le boraro, o ne a nna mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba mme a ikanisiwa jaaka mothusa tautona.[12] Ka ditiro tse, o ne a latlha ka katlego bogosi jwa gagwe jwa boswa jo a neng a sa bo batlele go fitlha ga jaana, jaaka fa dikgosi tsa molaomotheo tsa Botswana wa segompieno di thibetswe semolao go tsaya karolo ka tlhagafalo mo dipolotiking tsa lekoko. Bamangwato ba le bantsi ba setso ba ne ba tswelela go mo lemoga jaaka kgosi ya bone.[13]

Morago ga phenyo ya Botswana Democratic Party (BDP) mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa Phalane 1999, Khama o ne a nna mothusa tautona mmogo le Tona ya Merero ya ga Tautona le Tsamaiso ya Setšhaba.[14][15] Mogae o ne a naya Khama malatsi a boikhutso a ngwaga o le mongwe moragonyana mo ngwageng o o,[16][17] tshwetso e lekoko la kganetso la Botswana Congress Party[16] le Lekgotla la Botswana la Mekgatlho e e seng ya Puso di neng tsa e kgala ka bogale. Boikhutso jwa ga Khama e ne ya simolola Firikgong a rogwa ka 2000.[17] O ne a boela kwa ditirong tsa gagwe jaaka mothusa tautona ka Lwetse a rogwa 2000, le fa a ne a emisediwa ka Tona ya Merero ya ga Tautona le Tsamaiso ya Setšhaba ka nako eo.[18]

Khama, yo o neng a setse a le leloko la Komiti ya Khuduthamaga ya BDP,[19] o ne a tlhophiwa go nna Modulasetilo wa BDP ka Phukwi a le masome mabedi le bobedi 2003 kwa kokoanong ya lekoko; o ne a fenya modulasetilo wa pele, Ponatshego Kedikilwe, a bona ditlhopho di le makgolo a matlhano le lesome le bobedi kgatlhanong le di le makgolo mabedi le lesome le boferabongwe tsa ga Kedikilwe.[20][21][22] Khama o ne a tshegeditswe ke Tautona Mogae mo maemong ano,[19][23] se se bulela Khama tsela ya gore kgabagare a te a tlhatlhame Mogae jaaka tautona.[19][20]

Ka 2007, Khama o ne a tlhagelela mo thelebišeneng ya Borithane mo thulaganyong ya BBC ya Top Gear ya dikoloi, a kopana le bagasi fa ba ne ba ipaakanyetsa go kgabaganya Makgadikgadi Pan kwa bokone jwa Botswana ka koloi go ya go bona Top Gear: Botswana Special.[24]

Botautona

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Paka ya nakwana, 2008–2009

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Mogae o ne a fologa setilo, jaaka a ne a sa bolo go bolela gore o tla dira jalo,[25] ka Moranang a rogwa 2008; Khama o ne a mo tlhatlhama go nna tautona. Kwa moletlong wa gagwe wa go ikanisiwa kwa Gaborone, Khama o ne a bolela gore go tla nna le tsweletso mo melaong mme go se nne le "diphetogo tse di tseneletseng", le fa a ne a re "phetogo ya mokgwa le go gatelela dikgang di le mmalwa" go ka nna ga bonala, mme a gatelela maitlamo a gagwe mo pusong ya batho ka batho.[26] Ka bonako fela o ne a dira phetogo e kgolo ya matona, mme a tlhoma Mompati Merafhe, yo o neng a le Tona ya Merero ya Mafatshe a Sele, go nna mothusa tautona yo mosha.[27] Fa a sena go nna tautona, Khama o ne a tlogela tiro ya gagwe ya go nna Modulasetilo wa BDP; Go ne ga tlhophiwa Daniel Kwelagobe go mo emisetsa.[28] Khama ga a ka a tlhophiwa go nna tautona ngwaga wa gagwe wa ntlha mo setilong, a tlhomilwe ka ntlha ya maemo a gagwe a go nna mothusa tautona. Batshwaedi bangwe ba sepolotiki jaaka Kenneth Good ba bona e le phoso mo tsamaisong ya ditlhopho mo Botswana.[29]

Tautona Khama o ne a tlhalosa pele keletso ya gagwe ya go tsenya lekgetho la bojalwa la 70%,[30] le le neng le ikaeletse go lwantsha bothata jwa go nwa bojalwa go feta selekanyo mo Botswana.[30] Go ise go ye kae diphelelo tse di mosola tsa lekgetho le le ntseng jalo di ne tsa bonwa di na le ditlamorago tse di kotsi mo lekaleng la go titiela bojalwa, le le neng le gana go tsenngwa ga lekgetho le le ntseng jalo, mmogo le dibara le mafelo a mangwe a go nwa. Moragonyana Tautona o ne a tlhoma lekgetho la 30% morago ga go buisana le baeteledipele ba madirelo, go akaretsa le Mokgatlho wa Botswana wa Kgwebo, Madirelo le Maatla a Badiri.[31] SAB Miller e ne ya bona boemedi jwa bodipolomate jwa Borithane go leka go fokotsa lekgetho.[32]

Ka 2008, Molao wa Badiri ba Bobegadikgang o ne wa fetisiwa go nna molao wa Botswana,[33] mme o ne wa kgalwa ke mafelo a le mmalwa gotwe o kganela puo ka kgololesego.[34] Puo ya molao e batla go rotloetsa maemo a bobegadikgang a seporofešenale. Molao o itshupile o le thata go o diragatsa kgotsa go o tsenya mo tirisong.[35]

Ka 2009, Khama o ne a tlhagelela mo lenaneong la CNN la African Voices le le neng la ntsha setshwantsho se se siameng ka ga Khama, mme la bitsa Botswana "kgang ya katlego" ya Aforika.[36]

Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2009

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Mo ditlhophong tsa setshaba tsa Botswana tsa 2009, Khama o ne a tlhophiwa mo pakeng ya ntlha mo go tse pedi tsa go nna tautona. Ka sepolotiki, letsholo la ga Khama la ditlhopho le ne le tletse ka dikgotlhang tsa ka fa teng mo lekokong la Botswana Democratic Party (BDP),[37] le le neng le kgaogane ka tlhamalalo ka ditlhopha tse pedi tse dikgolo, A-Team[38] le sa Barata Phati.[39][40] Setlhopha sa A-Team se ne se eteletswe pele ke Tautona Khama, Jacob Nkate, tona wa pele wa thuto, le mothusa tautona wa pele moswi Mompati Merafhe. Lekoko la Barata Phati le ne le eteletswe pele ke mokwaledi mogolo wa pele wa BDP, Rre Daniel Kwelagobe, yo pele e neng e le modulasetilo wa lekoko leo, moswi Gomolemo Motswaledi, le mothusa tautona wa pele yo o rotseng tiro, Rre Ponatshego Kedikilwe, yo o neng a eletsa go tlisa phetolo ya molaomotheo e seng fela mo BDP mme le mo molaomotheong wa lefatshe leo. Mo ditlhophong tsa 2009, Motswaledi, yo o neng a tlogela keletso ya gagwe ya go tsenelela ditlhopho kwa Serowe gore a kgone go bulela morwarraagwe Ian Khama, Tshekedi Khama II tsela, le ene o ne a kgaphelwa thoko go emela Gaborone fa a ne a sa tseisanye molelo le Tautona Khama.[41] Motswaledi o ne a latlhegelwa ke kgetsi kgatlhanong le Khama fa Kgotlakgolo ya ditsheko e ne e atlhola gore tautona o na le tshireletso ya molaomotheo mo dikgetsing ka ntlha ya maemo a gagwe.[42] Morago ga tiragalo e, batshwayadiphoso ba ne ba latofatsa Khama ka ditshekamelo tsa bobusaesi; Go feta sephatlo sa Komiti ya bogareng ya BDP ka nako nngwe e ne e ikutlwa gore Khama mo makgetlhong a mantsi o dirile go feta maatla a gagwe.[43] Ba bangwe, go akaretsa Khama le moemedi wa gagwe wa semolao, ba ne ba re o ne a tsenya kotlhao jaaka karolo ya seabe sa gagwe jaaka tlhogo ya lekoko.[43]

Khama o fentse 53.26% ya ditalama, le bontsi jwa manno mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.[44]

Setlha sa ntlha, 2009–2014

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Morago ga ditlhopho tsa 2009, Motswaledi o ne a tswa mo BDP go tlhama lekoko le lengwe la sepolotiki, e leng Botswana Movement for Democracy (BMD).[45]

Khama kwa Kokoanong ya Kgwebo e e seng kafa Molaong ya Diphologolo tsa Naga kwa Lontone ka 2014.

Khama o ne a tlhoma thibelo ya go tsoma ditlou ka 2014.[46]

Loso lwa ga John Kalifatis, yo loso lwa gagwe lo neng lwa felela ka nako ya dipatlisiso tsa go utswa, lo diragetse mo tshimologong ya botautona jwa ga Khama.[47] Polelo ya mapodisi ka ga Kalifatis e balega jaana: "Moswi, John Kalafatis, o ne a na le lekwalo la go tshwarwa le le ntshitsweng kgatlhanong le ene ka Firikgong a le lesome le bobedi 2009 ka ntlha ya go thuba a tshwere tlhobolo gareng ga tse dingwe. Nako yotlhe, e ne e le motshabi wa tshiamiso."[47] Mapodisi a a amegang a ne a bolela gore ba ne ba mo tshwara ka phoso ka nako ya fa a ne a tshwarwa mme ba ne ba dira phoso ya go dumela gore o ne a batla go ntsha tlhobolo ka nako ya go thuntshiwa.[48] Metswedi e mengwe e ganetsa se, mme e bolela fa Kalafatis a bolailwe ke maloko a Sesole sa Tshireletso sa Botswana.[49] Maloko a mararo a BDF a a neng a na le maikarabelo a loso lwa ga Kalifatis a ne a bonwa molato wa polao, mme mongwe le mongwe wa bone a atlholelwa dingwaga di le lesome le motso mo kgolegelong.[48] Ba amogetse tshwarelo ya ga tautona go tswa go Khama ka 2012.[50] Se se ne sa bonwa jaaka bosupi ke metswedi mengwe ya gore Khama o ne a na le seabe mo polaong eo.[50] Mmueledi wa mosekisi wa ga Kalifatis o ne a re “Ke eng se a se kgatlhegelang mo basenying bano, re ka se belaele jang gore o ne a na le kgatlhego ya gagwe mo kgetsing eno...?”[51]

Ditlhopho tsa kakaretso tsa 2014

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Mo ditlhophong tsa setshaba tsa Botswana tsa 2014, Khama o ne a fenya paka ya gagwe ya bobedi. Lekoko la gagwe le amogetse 46.45% ya ditalama, le bontsi jwa manno mo Kokoanong ya Bosetšhaba.[52] Pele ga ditlhopho, lepolotiki la lekoko la kganetso Gomolemo Motswaledi o ne a tlhokafala mo thulanong ya dikolo ka Phukwi a le masome mararo ka 2014. Le fa go ne go na le dikakanyetso dingwe tsa gore tiragalo eno e ne e tlhotlhelediwa ke sepolotiki, sepodisi se ne sa swetsa ka gore loso loo e ne e le kotsi.[53][54][55][56][57]

Setlha sa bobedi, 2014–2018

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Ka 2015, Khama o ne a newa dikirii ya bongaka ya tlotlo mo maranyaneng a sepolotiki go tswa kwa Yunibesithing ya Konkuk kwa Korea Borwa.[58] Fa a sena go amogela dikirii, sereto sa semmuso sa ga Khama e ne e le "Motlotlegi Tautona Molefetenente Mogenerale Ngaka Seretse Khama Ian Khama".[59]

Dikakanyo tsa sepolotiki

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Khama o ne a tsaya kgato e e maatla kgatlhanong le puso ya Zimbabwe, segolobogolo Robert Mugabe.[60] O dirile jalo ka go gana go amogela puso ntle le fa le go fitlha e akaretsa maloko a mokgatlho wa Movement for Democratic Change (MDC) o o neng o eteletswe pele ke Morgan Tsvangirai.[61] Khama gape o ne a kgala kgato ya ga Tautona wa Sudan Omar al-Bashir kwa kgaolong ya Darfur[62] mme a nna motshwayadiphoso yo o tlhamaletseng wa dipuso tsa bobusaesi mo Aforika mmogo le Tautona Jakaya Kikwete wa Tanzania le Tautona Levy Mwanawasa wa Zambia.[63]

Khama o kgadilwe ke batho bangwe ka ntlha ya go tsaya ditshwetso tse di sa siamang, go akaretsa le tautona wa pele Quett Masire, yo o neng a re BDP e tserwe ke batho ba ba batlang ditshono ba ba neng ba batla go solegelwa molemo ke maemo a a kwa godimo a puso.[64]

Ka fa tlase ga puso ya ga Khama, puso e tlhomile gape Lephata la Directorate of Intelligence and Security Services (DISS) le le nang le dithata tsa sepodisi, le le bonwang e le la Botswana le le lekanang le la Federal Bureau of Investigation kwa Amerika. Le fa mokgatlho wa mofuta ono o se mosha e bile o fitlhelwa mo mafatsheng a le mantsi, o na le batshwayadiphoso mo Botswana ba ba latofatsang gore go na le matshosetsi a le mmalwa fela a mo gae kgotsa a a tswang kwa mafatsheng a mangwe a mapodisi le sesole ba neng ba ka se palelwe ke go a tila. Bangwe, go akaretsa le mokaedikhuduthamaga wa Open Society Initiative for Southern Africa, Siphosami Malunga, ba nganga gore setheo se, se kwa tshimologong se neng se eteletswe pele ke tsala e kgolo ya ga Tautona Khama Issac Kgosi, se ka tsiediwa bonolo le go dirisiwa kgatlhanong le baba ba sepolotiki kgotsa ba bangwe ba ba nyatsang Tautona kgotsa tsamaiso ya gagwe.[65]

Mo ntlheng ya itsholelo, Khama e ntse e le motshegetsi yo o tlhoafetseng wa go tlosa Botswana mo go ikaegeng thata ka diteemane le go kabakanya itsholelo ya lone, segolobogolo mo lephateng la temothuo le bojanala.[66]

Ian Khama Seretse Khama

Khama o ne a baya molao wa go thibela go tsoma ditlou ka nako ya fa a ne a le tautona, mme a tshegetsa maiteko a tshomarelo mo Botswana. Ka 2018, o ne a kgala Tautona Donald Trump ka ntlha ya go rotloetsa go tsoma ditlou.[67]

E le motho yo o sa nweng bojalwa, Khama o ntse a thibela bojalwa thata mo maikutlong a gagwe, a bo tsaya e le bothata jo bogolo.[68]

Ka tsela ya bodipolomate, o ne a tsaya boemo jo bo nonofileng mo dikgannyeng tsa ditshwanelo tsa batho tsa Korea Bokone. Morago ga go kgaola dikamano le Korea Bokone ka 2014 ka ntlha ya dikgatako tsa yone tse di masisi tsa ditshwanelo tsa batho, o ne a tlhalosa bosetlhogo jwa ditshwanelo tsa batho mo bogosing jwa baitlami ‘bo le maswe go feta dikgang tsa batshabi ba Aforika’, segolobogolo ka nako ya leuba le legolo ka dingwaga tsa bo 1990. O ne a neela potsolotso le Yonhap News Agency ka nako ya ketelo ya gagwe kwa Seoul, Korea Borwa ka 2015, a kgala baeteledipele ba Bokone ka go 'tshela mo Motlheng wa Maje' mme a bitsa ditiro tsa bone tse di setlhogo a re ga di amogelesege.[69][70]

Go rola tiro

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Ka Moranang a rogwa 2018, Mokgweetsi Masisi o ne a ikanisiwa go nna Tautona wa botlhano wa Botswana, a tlhatlhama Ian Khama le dingwaga tsa gagwe tse di lesome tse di tletseng tsa botautona. Morago ga go sa dumalane le Masisi makgetlho a le mmalwa, segolobogolo a latofatsa Masisi ka ditshekamelo tsa bobusaesi,[71] Khama o ne a tsaya tshwetso ya go tswa mo BDP mme a ya kwa Botswana Patriotic Front (BPF), e leng lekoko le le sa tswang go tlhamiwa le le kgaoganang le BDP. O ne a dira letsholo la BPF, e e neng ya gapa manno a le mararo mo ditlhophong tsa kakaretso tsa 2019 mo kgaolong ya Serowe.[72]

Ka 2018, morago ga go rola tiro ya botautona, Khama o ne a nna leloko la Boto ya Bakaedi ba mokgatlho o o kwa Amerika wa Conservation International, o le one o dirang ka natla mo Botswana.[73] Ka 2021, Khama o ne a ya kwa lejwa le a neng a le ipeetse, mo go lone a neng a bolela fa go nnile le leano la go mo tshela botlhole.[74]

Ka Sedimonthole 2022 kgotlatshekelo kwa Botswana e ne ya ntsha taelo ya go tshwara Khama ka ntlha ya go tshwara ditlhobolo di le tlhano tse di seng ka fa molaong morago ga go palelwa ke go tlhagelela kwa kgotlatshekelo.[75] Ka Lwetse a le lesome le boraro 2024, Ian Khama o ne a boela kwa Botswana morago ga dingwaga di le tharo a le kwa lejwa, go ya go tlhagelela kwa kgotlatshekelo le go kopa go gololwa a letile tsheko.[76] Ka Ngwanatsele a le masome mararo 2024, o ne a simolola setilo sa gagwe gape jaaka Kgosikgolo wa BaNgwato, a tsaya leina la segosi la Khama IV, mo gare ga meletlo kwa Serowe Sports Complex e e neng e tseneletswe ke batlotlegi ba bosetšhaba le ba boditšhabatšhaba, go khutlisa ngwagakgolo wa bobusi jwa BaNgwato.[77] Puso e e neng ya tla morago ga ditlhopho tsa Botswana tsa 2024 e ne ya tlosa ditatofatso tsa ditlhobolo, tse Khama a neng a boletse fa e le maano a a tlhotlhelediwang ke sepolotiki go tswa kwa pusong ya pele ya ga Masisi.[78]

Firikgong a le masome mabedi ka 2025, Khama o ne a ikanisiwa jaaka leloko la Ntlo ya Dikgosi, setlhopha sa bagakolodi ba dikgosi tsa boswa tse di gakololang Palamente.[79] Ka Lwetse 2025, jaaka karolo ya leano la lekoko la go atamalana le Khama ka fa tlase ga boeteledipele jwa ga Mpho Balopi, BDP e ne ya itsise go phimola go lelekwa ga ga Khama mo lekokong ka 2019, ka jalo ya busetsa boloko jwa gagwe.[80]

Ditlotla le dietsele

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Ngwaga Lefatshe Order
Botswana Presidential Order of Honour
Botswana Founder Officer Medal
Botswana Duty Code Order
Botswana Distinguished Service Medal
  1. ↑ "President Khama has a new official name". Mmegi Online. 11 February 2016. Retrieved 18 Phalane 2025.
  2. ↑ "True to tradition, Khama is born to rule Botswana", Sapa-AFP (Pretoria News), 1 April 2008.
  3. ↑ "H.E. Lt General Serêtsê Khama Ian Khama | The AAS". www.aasciences.africa. Archived from the original on 16 April 2021. Retrieved 18 Phalane 2025.
  4. ↑ Arnold, Guy (29 May 2002). "Obituary: Lady Ruth Khama". The Guardian.
  5. ↑ "President Seretse Khama | South African History Online". www.sahistory.org.za.
  6. ↑ "Waterford Kamhlaba Background". Archived from the original on 14 April 2012. Retrieved 18 Phalane 2025.
  7. ↑ Gordon Bell "Botswana's leader to keep winning formula", Reuters (IOL), 30 March 2008.
  8. ↑ "Inside how Khama's love for flying took away Botswana's innocence | Sunday Standard". 11 November 2018. Retrieved 18 Phalane 2025.
  9. ↑ "Khama barred from using BDF facilities". Botswana Weekend Post. 24 June 2019. Retrieved 18 Phalane 2025.
  10. ↑ "Botswana: Army commander announces he will retire at end of March 1998", SAPA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 18 December 1997.
  11. ↑ "Botswana: Ian Khama wins by-election and can therefore be vice-president", SAPA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 6 July 1998.
  12. ↑ "Botswana: Ian Khama takes parliamentary seat, sworn in as vice-president", SAPA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 13 July 1998.
  13. ↑ "Botswana's new high flyer". BBC. 2 April 2008. Retrieved 18 Phalane 2025.
  14. ↑ Ernest Chilisa, "Major shake-up after Botswana poll", Saturday Star (IOL), 22 October 1999.
  15. ↑ "Botswana: President Mogae appoints new cabinet", Radio Botswana (nl.newsbank.com), 21 October 1999.
  16. 1 2 "Botswana: President Mogae faces court action", PANA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 23 December 1999.
  17. 1 2 "Botswana: Vice-president's year-long sabbatical leave criticized", PANA news agency (nl.newsbank.com), 3 January 2000.
  18. ↑ "Botswana: Vice-president "resumes duty"; cabinet reshuffle reported", Radio Botswana (nl.newsbank.com), 30 August 2000.
  19. 1 2 3 "BOTSWANA: Feature – leadership contest may test stability", IRIN, 19 June 2003.
  20. 1 2 "BOTSWANA: Khama win eases Mogae's concerns", IRIN, 23 July 2003.
  21. ↑ "Botswana: Vice-president wins ruling party chairmanship", Business Day, Johannesburg (nl.newsbank.com), 22 July 2003.
  22. ↑ USA, IBP (2013). Botswana Investment and Business Guide: Strategic Information and Laws. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-1-4387-6717-8.
  23. ↑ "Botswana: President Mogae defends decision to back Khama for party chairmanship", Radio Botswana (nl.newsbank.com), 19 June 2003.
  24. ↑ Top Gear: Botswana Special, Top Gear Series 10, episode 4, BBC, broadcast 4 November 2007.
  25. ↑ "Botswana's Mogae set to retire", AFP (IOL), 15 July 2007.
  26. ↑ "New president calms nerves", AFP (IOL), 1 April 2008.
  27. ↑ "Khama fires five ministers" Archived 2017-10-01 at the Wayback Machine, Mmegi Online, 2 April 2008.
  28. ↑ "DK is BDP chairman", BOPA, 8 April 2008.
  29. ↑ Good, Kenneth (2008). Diamonds, Dispossession and Democracy in Botswana. London: African Issues.
  30. 1 2 Pitso, Joseph M. N.; Obot, Isidore S. (2011). "Botswana alcohol policy and the presidential levy controversy". Addiction. 106 (5): 898–905. doi:10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03365.x. ISSN 1360-0443. PMID 21477246.
  31. ↑ "Khama, the jihadist who battled alcohol". Club of Mozambique. 22 March 2016.
  32. ↑ "Botswana sobers up". Financial Times.
  33. ↑ "Media Practitioners Act, 2008" (PDF). Parliament of Botswana. 22 December 2008.[permanent dead link]
  34. ↑ "Mmegi Online :: Media Practitioners Act: MISA disappointed". Mmegi Online. 15 April 2019.
  35. ↑ Lesemela, Keikantse (29 January 2019). "Pressure mounts on Masisi to repeal draconian Media Practitioners' Act". Botswana Guardian. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 18 Phalane 2025.
  36. ↑ "African Voices: Ian Khama". CNN.
  37. ↑ "Is Multi-Party Politics Democracy?". Times Of Swaziland. 6 September 2009.
  38. ↑ "Mmegi Online :: The BDP split: End of an era?". Mmegi Online. 22 March 2010. Retrieved 18 Phalane 2025.
  39. ↑ Lotshwao, Kebapetse (2014). "Donor Assistance and Democracy in Botswana". SSRN Working Paper Series. doi:10.2139/ssrn.2497797. ISSN 1556-5068. S2CID 155532700.
  40. ↑ "Mmegi Online :: We are almost there: Barata-Phathi". Mmegi Online. 23 April 2010. Retrieved 18 Phalane 2025.
  41. ↑ Botlhomilwe, Mokganedi Zara; Sebudubudu, David; Maripe, Bugalo (2011). "Limited freedom and intolerance in Botswana". Journal of Contemporary African Studies. 29 (3): 331–348. doi:10.1080/02589001.2011.581501. S2CID 153771262.
  42. ↑ Party Systems and Democracy in Africa, Doorenspleet, R., Nijzink, L.
  43. 1 2 "Khama reinstates Motswaled". Sunday Standard. 1 September 2009.
  44. ↑ "EISA Botswana: 2009 National Assembly election results". www.eisa.org.
  45. ↑ Lotshwao, Kebapetse; Suping, Kekgaoditse (2013). "The 2010 split of the Botswana Democratic Party". Botswana Journal of African Studies (27). PULA – via ResearchGate.
  46. ↑ "Botswana auctions off permits to hunt elephants". BBC News. 7 February 2020.
  47. 1 2 "Who murdered Botswana's John Kalafatis". Bulawayo24 News.
  48. 1 2 "STATE v MOTHOBI AND OTHERS 2011 2 BLR 330 HC". High Court, Lobatse. 22 June 2011. Archived from the original on 10 June 2020.
  49. ↑ PIET, BAME (31 March 2017). "Mmegi Online :: Kalafatis brother demands P16million from govt". Mmegi Online.
  50. 1 2 "Mmegi Online :: Khama frees Kalafatis killers". Mmegi Online. 8 March 2010.
  51. ↑ "Khama sets Kalafatis killers free". Sunday Standard. 7 June 2012.
  52. ↑ "EISA Botswana: 2014 National Assembly election results". www.eisa.org.
  53. ↑ "DISS whistleblower claims Motswaledi was assassinated". Sunday Standard. 1 September 2014.
  54. ↑ "President Khama election rival killed in car accident". Bulawayo24 News. 30 July 2014. Retrieved 18 Phalane 2025.
  55. ↑ "Gomolemo Motswaledi passes on". Botswana Daily News. Radio Botswana. 30 July 2014. Archived from the original on 23 September 2015. Retrieved 18 Phalane 2025.
  56. ↑ "Gomolemo Motswaledi killed?". Bulawayo24. Bulabayo24. 3 August 2014. Retrieved 18 Phalane 2025.
  57. ↑ "Was Gomolemo Motswaledi killed?". Botswana Guardian. Botswana Guardian. 3 August 2014. Archived from the original on 8 August 2014. Retrieved 18 Phalane 2025.
  58. ↑ "Dr Ian Khama; the politics of honorary degrees – Botswana Guardian". www.botswanaguardian.co.bw.
  59. ↑ "Mmegi Online :: President Khama has a new official name". Mmegi Online. 11 February 2016.
  60. ↑ "Botswana's Khama tells Mugabe to go". Reuters. 17 November 2017 – via www.reuters.com.
  61. ↑ Banya, Nelson (14 August 2008). "Khama to boycott summit if no Zimbabwe deal". Reuters – via www.reuters.com.
  62. ↑ Article Title
  63. ↑ "Liberation leaders who become tyrants". www.thezimbabwean.co. Retrieved 19 Phalane 2025.
  64. ↑ Morton, Barry. "President Masire's Final Message to Botswana" – via www.academia.edu.
  65. ↑ "Botswana unravels: unmasking Africa's democracy poster child". The Africa Report.com. 28 August 2019.
  66. ↑ "Botswana determined to diversify its economy". 13 October 2009.
  67. ↑ "Botswana's Ian Khama: Trump encouraging elephant poaching". BBC News. 16 March 2018.
  68. ↑ "President Ian Khama: Emboldened by evidence to reduce harms of alcohol use in Botswana". Institute for Health Metrics and Evaluation. 11 May 2015. Retrieved 19 Phalane 2025.
  69. ↑ "北韩人权惨无人道 竟不如非洲难民 韩国之眼 朝鲜日报网" (in Korean).
  70. ↑ "보츠와나 대통령 "北 인권후퇴, 관계유지 가치 없었다"" (in Korean). 23 October 2015. Archived from the original on 24 October 2015.
  71. ↑ "President Mokgweetsi Masisi holds on to power in Botswana poll". Financial Times. 25 October 2019.
  72. ↑ "Botswana – Botswana since independence". Encyclopedia Britannica. Retrieved 19 Phalane 2025.
  73. ↑ Co, Maverick Maven (25 July 2018). "Khama joins Conservation International as a Distinguished Fellow". BotswanaUnplugged. Archived from the original on 20 May 2019. Retrieved 19 Phalane 2025.
  74. ↑ "How friends became foes in Africa's diamond state". BBC News. 9 October 2024. Retrieved 19 Phalane 2025.
  75. ↑ "Ian Khama: Botswana issues arrest warrant for former president". BBC News. 30 December 2022. Retrieved 19 Phalane 2025.
  76. ↑ "Surprise return to Botswana by ex-president to face trial". BBC News. 13 September 2024. Retrieved 19 Phalane 2025.
  77. ↑ Sechele, Sechele (22 November 2024). "Khama IV finally breaks BaNgwato royal jinx". Mmegi. Mahalapye. Retrieved 19 Phalane 2025.
  78. ↑ Makhaiza, Larona (2 December 2024). "'Still not safe for Tshekedi and Anthony'". Mmegi. Retrieved 19 Phalane 2025.
  79. ↑ "Ian Khama Returns as Paramount Chief Sworn into Ntlo ya Dikgosi". SnapFlash. 21 January 2025. Retrieved 19 Phalane 2025.
  80. ↑ Basimanebotlhe, Tsaone (25 September 2025). "BDP rescinds Khama's membership termination". Mmegi Online. Retrieved 19 Phalane 2025.
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